NUR 254 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026-2027 | COMPLETE N… EXAM
P R O F E S S I O N A L P R A C T I C E M AT E R I A L S
NUR 254 Final Exam
Questions & Answers
2026-2027 | Complete
Nursing Exam Review
(Rationales)
Verified Answers Exam Ready With Rationales
92 QUESTIONS
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This document provides 92 verified exam questions with correct answers and detailed rationales,
focusing on pediatric nursing care. It serves as a comprehensive resource for students to enhance
their understanding of critical concepts in child health nursing. The format allows for effective study
and review, making it ideal for exam preparation and certification readiness.
CONTENTS
Oncology Nursing Q1–Q16
Pediatric Emergencies Q17–Q32
Infectious Diseases Q33–Q47
Nursing Interventions Q48–Q62
Chronic Conditions Q63–Q77
Page 1
, Developmental Disorders Q78–Q92
E XA M Q U EST I O N S
Q1 QUESTION 1 OF 92
THE NURSE IS CARING FOR A CHILD WHO HAD EWINGS SARCOMA AND IS UNDERGOING TX. THE
NURSE IS EDUCATING THE CLIENTS PARENTS ABOUT APPROPRIATE CARE OF THE AFFECTED SKIN
AREA. Which of the following statements by the parents requires follow-up by the nurse?
CORRECT ANSWER
We should keep our child from using the extremity with the affected area
RATIONALE
Limiting the use of the affected extremity can lead to muscle atrophy and decreased mobility; instead, gentle
use is encouraged to maintain function while protecting the area from injury. Education should focus on
balancing activity with protective measures to promote healing and prevent complications.
Q2 QUESTION 2 OF 92
The nurse preceptor is discussing the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in preterm infants with a
newly hired nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly hired nurse indicates a correct
understanding of this condition
CORRECT ANSWER
Iron supplementation should be introduced at 2 months of age
RATIONALE
Introducing iron supplementation at 2 months of age aligns with the understanding that preterm infants have
lower iron stores and increased needs due to rapid growth and development. This timing helps prevent iron
deficiency anemia, which can impair cognitive and physical development in this vulnerable population.
Q3 QUESTION 3 OF 92
The nurse is providing a teaching session to health care staff regarding osteosarcoma. Which of the
following statements by a staff member indicates a need for additional teaching?
Page 2
, CORRECT ANSWER
The sternum is the most common site of this sarcoma
RATIONALE
Osteosarcoma primarily occurs in long bones, especially around the knee and in the metaphysis of the femur
and tibia, rather than in flat bones like the sternum. This misconception highlights the need for further
education on the typical presentation and anatomical locations associated with osteosarcoma.
Q4 QUESTION 4 OF 92
The nurse is caring for a child who has retinoblastoma and is returning from an enuclestion
procedure. The parents are concerned about their child's appearance after the procedure. Which of
the following statements by the nurse is appropriate?
CORRECT ANSWER
Your child's face may be edematous and ecchymosis
RATIONALE
Post-enucleation, edema and ecchymosis are common due to surgical trauma and the body's inflammatory
response, which can cause concern about the child's appearance. Providing this information helps parents
set realistic expectations for recovery and promotes understanding of the healing process.
Q5 QUESTION 5 OF 92
The nurse is providing a teaching session to the health care staff regarding osteosarcoma. Which of
the following statements by an attendee indicates a need for additional teaching?
CORRECT ANSWER
The sternum is the most common site of this sarcoma.
RATIONALE
Osteosarcoma primarily occurs in long bones, especially around the knee, rather than in flat bones like the
sternum, which highlights a misunderstanding of the typical anatomical locations associated with this
malignancy. Recognizing the common sites of osteosarcoma is critical for accurate diagnosis and treatment
planning.
Page 3
, Q6 QUESTION 6 OF 92
A nurse is caring for a 6 year old child hospitalized with newly acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
and scheduled to begin chemotherapy. The parents express fear about the side effects of the
treatment, particularly infection and hair loss. During the first round of chemotherapy the child
develops a temperature of 38.9C (102 F), and the nurse notes a neutrophil count of 400/mm. Which of
the following interventions should the nurse implement first?
CORRECT ANSWER
Place the child on protective isolation precautions
RATIONALE
Neutropenia, characterized by an abnormally low neutrophil count, significantly increases the risk of
infection, making protective isolation necessary to minimize exposure to pathogens. Implementing these
precautions first safeguards the vulnerable child during chemotherapy, prioritizing infection control in the
clinical setting.
Q7 QUESTION 7 OF 92
The nurse working in the emergency department is caring for a 2 month old child who presents with
intraocular bleeding, bradycardia, and bulging fontanels, but no trauma to the head, face or neck.
Health history and physical examination is incongruent, and abuse is suspected. Which of the
following actions should the nurse perform?
CORRECT ANSWER
Notify child protective services
RATIONALE
In cases of suspected child abuse, especially with signs such as intraocular bleeding and bulging fontanels,
reporting to child protective services is mandated to ensure the child's safety and initiate an investigation.
This action aligns with the nurse's legal and ethical obligation to protect vulnerable populations from harm.
Q8 QUESTION 8 OF 92
The school nurse is teaching parents about pedicures capitis. Which of the following should the
nurse include in the teaching plan?
CORRECT ANSWER
Check the nape of the neck of an infestation is suspected
Page 4
P R O F E S S I O N A L P R A C T I C E M AT E R I A L S
NUR 254 Final Exam
Questions & Answers
2026-2027 | Complete
Nursing Exam Review
(Rationales)
Verified Answers Exam Ready With Rationales
92 QUESTIONS
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This document provides 92 verified exam questions with correct answers and detailed rationales,
focusing on pediatric nursing care. It serves as a comprehensive resource for students to enhance
their understanding of critical concepts in child health nursing. The format allows for effective study
and review, making it ideal for exam preparation and certification readiness.
CONTENTS
Oncology Nursing Q1–Q16
Pediatric Emergencies Q17–Q32
Infectious Diseases Q33–Q47
Nursing Interventions Q48–Q62
Chronic Conditions Q63–Q77
Page 1
, Developmental Disorders Q78–Q92
E XA M Q U EST I O N S
Q1 QUESTION 1 OF 92
THE NURSE IS CARING FOR A CHILD WHO HAD EWINGS SARCOMA AND IS UNDERGOING TX. THE
NURSE IS EDUCATING THE CLIENTS PARENTS ABOUT APPROPRIATE CARE OF THE AFFECTED SKIN
AREA. Which of the following statements by the parents requires follow-up by the nurse?
CORRECT ANSWER
We should keep our child from using the extremity with the affected area
RATIONALE
Limiting the use of the affected extremity can lead to muscle atrophy and decreased mobility; instead, gentle
use is encouraged to maintain function while protecting the area from injury. Education should focus on
balancing activity with protective measures to promote healing and prevent complications.
Q2 QUESTION 2 OF 92
The nurse preceptor is discussing the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in preterm infants with a
newly hired nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly hired nurse indicates a correct
understanding of this condition
CORRECT ANSWER
Iron supplementation should be introduced at 2 months of age
RATIONALE
Introducing iron supplementation at 2 months of age aligns with the understanding that preterm infants have
lower iron stores and increased needs due to rapid growth and development. This timing helps prevent iron
deficiency anemia, which can impair cognitive and physical development in this vulnerable population.
Q3 QUESTION 3 OF 92
The nurse is providing a teaching session to health care staff regarding osteosarcoma. Which of the
following statements by a staff member indicates a need for additional teaching?
Page 2
, CORRECT ANSWER
The sternum is the most common site of this sarcoma
RATIONALE
Osteosarcoma primarily occurs in long bones, especially around the knee and in the metaphysis of the femur
and tibia, rather than in flat bones like the sternum. This misconception highlights the need for further
education on the typical presentation and anatomical locations associated with osteosarcoma.
Q4 QUESTION 4 OF 92
The nurse is caring for a child who has retinoblastoma and is returning from an enuclestion
procedure. The parents are concerned about their child's appearance after the procedure. Which of
the following statements by the nurse is appropriate?
CORRECT ANSWER
Your child's face may be edematous and ecchymosis
RATIONALE
Post-enucleation, edema and ecchymosis are common due to surgical trauma and the body's inflammatory
response, which can cause concern about the child's appearance. Providing this information helps parents
set realistic expectations for recovery and promotes understanding of the healing process.
Q5 QUESTION 5 OF 92
The nurse is providing a teaching session to the health care staff regarding osteosarcoma. Which of
the following statements by an attendee indicates a need for additional teaching?
CORRECT ANSWER
The sternum is the most common site of this sarcoma.
RATIONALE
Osteosarcoma primarily occurs in long bones, especially around the knee, rather than in flat bones like the
sternum, which highlights a misunderstanding of the typical anatomical locations associated with this
malignancy. Recognizing the common sites of osteosarcoma is critical for accurate diagnosis and treatment
planning.
Page 3
, Q6 QUESTION 6 OF 92
A nurse is caring for a 6 year old child hospitalized with newly acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
and scheduled to begin chemotherapy. The parents express fear about the side effects of the
treatment, particularly infection and hair loss. During the first round of chemotherapy the child
develops a temperature of 38.9C (102 F), and the nurse notes a neutrophil count of 400/mm. Which of
the following interventions should the nurse implement first?
CORRECT ANSWER
Place the child on protective isolation precautions
RATIONALE
Neutropenia, characterized by an abnormally low neutrophil count, significantly increases the risk of
infection, making protective isolation necessary to minimize exposure to pathogens. Implementing these
precautions first safeguards the vulnerable child during chemotherapy, prioritizing infection control in the
clinical setting.
Q7 QUESTION 7 OF 92
The nurse working in the emergency department is caring for a 2 month old child who presents with
intraocular bleeding, bradycardia, and bulging fontanels, but no trauma to the head, face or neck.
Health history and physical examination is incongruent, and abuse is suspected. Which of the
following actions should the nurse perform?
CORRECT ANSWER
Notify child protective services
RATIONALE
In cases of suspected child abuse, especially with signs such as intraocular bleeding and bulging fontanels,
reporting to child protective services is mandated to ensure the child's safety and initiate an investigation.
This action aligns with the nurse's legal and ethical obligation to protect vulnerable populations from harm.
Q8 QUESTION 8 OF 92
The school nurse is teaching parents about pedicures capitis. Which of the following should the
nurse include in the teaching plan?
CORRECT ANSWER
Check the nape of the neck of an infestation is suspected
Page 4
