Hominid Evolution
[Theories]
Origin Myths/Cosmologies
·
Greek (Prometheus)
Genesis
Western examples
·
Darwin 3 Wallace
from
existing species have
emerged over millions of years simple organisms.
principle of natural selection .
Random genetic drift
·
the loss of alleles from a populations gene pool through chance.
·
Mutation
introduces variation
·
Gene flow
decreases differences 3 inhibits speciation (formation of new species)
·
Mendel's principle of inheritance
of the of the which natural selection
science
genetics explains origin variety upon operates.
creationism
·
divine act of creation as described in Genesis .
Catastrophism
·
divinely authored worldwide disasters wiped out the creatures represented in the
fossil record .
mass extinction
Intelligent Design
·
modern
physics 3 cosmology have uncovered evidence for intelligence in the structure of
the universe .
, CLASSIFICATION OF HOMINIDS
~integ
Tes
Prosimians
&
prosimians
~ Anthropoids
·
less-well developed brain W ·
more advanced
monkeys
·
lemurs ,
tarsiers ,
bush ·
larger brain
~
babies apes
monkeys
·
ape-like anthropoids
V ·
hominids
=
hominoids
Early primates traits :
~
most present day primates are arboreal (live in trees (
↳ dense hair or fur -
> Primates share :
↳ warm-blooded ·
enlarged complex brain
↳ live
young
·
flattened nose
↳ suckle face downward
eyes
·
↳ infant dependence ·
digits with flat nails
↳ large eyes 3 brains ·
molars 3 premolars with cusps that are
> rounded
long flexible limbs
↳ with low 3
grasping hands ·
complex social behaviour .
↳ social life
large numbers of
olfactory receptors 3
·
↳ play pseudogenes
↳ observation 3 immitation ·
full trichromatic colour vision .
↳ order
pecking
Primate Family Tree :
pans Ants
Ancestral Primate
, evidence of a common ancestor for
hominids
living
does
* Evolution
theory not
suggest that humans evolved from the chimpanzee
or
gorilla ,
but proposes that
they share a common ancestor .
NB !
Hominids >
group of
primates that contains all the African Apes (past 3
present)
Hominins >
group of hominids that are bipedal (walk on 2
legs) .
They include members of the
genera Ardipithecus ,
Australopithecus 3 Homo .
* 3 Main lines of evidence > Fossil Evidence
>
Genetic Evidence
> Cultural Evidence
Anatomical Differences of Hominids
·
African Apes >
normally walk on 4 legs
> use unuckles on front limbs for support.
> knuckle walkers'
Hominins
normally walk on 2
legs
·
hominids closely related to than the apes.
they
> us to
more are
humans the species of hominin alive today
> are
only .
Anatomical Similarities
·
body structure resembles human
anatomy .
large animals
·
·
large brain
·
no tail
·
sexual dimorphism (distinct difference between male 3 female)
·
hands also used as tools
·
omnivorous 3 have same dental formuld
long gestation period with few born.
young
·
no distinct breeding season
·
[Theories]
Origin Myths/Cosmologies
·
Greek (Prometheus)
Genesis
Western examples
·
Darwin 3 Wallace
from
existing species have
emerged over millions of years simple organisms.
principle of natural selection .
Random genetic drift
·
the loss of alleles from a populations gene pool through chance.
·
Mutation
introduces variation
·
Gene flow
decreases differences 3 inhibits speciation (formation of new species)
·
Mendel's principle of inheritance
of the of the which natural selection
science
genetics explains origin variety upon operates.
creationism
·
divine act of creation as described in Genesis .
Catastrophism
·
divinely authored worldwide disasters wiped out the creatures represented in the
fossil record .
mass extinction
Intelligent Design
·
modern
physics 3 cosmology have uncovered evidence for intelligence in the structure of
the universe .
, CLASSIFICATION OF HOMINIDS
~integ
Tes
Prosimians
&
prosimians
~ Anthropoids
·
less-well developed brain W ·
more advanced
monkeys
·
lemurs ,
tarsiers ,
bush ·
larger brain
~
babies apes
monkeys
·
ape-like anthropoids
V ·
hominids
=
hominoids
Early primates traits :
~
most present day primates are arboreal (live in trees (
↳ dense hair or fur -
> Primates share :
↳ warm-blooded ·
enlarged complex brain
↳ live
young
·
flattened nose
↳ suckle face downward
eyes
·
↳ infant dependence ·
digits with flat nails
↳ large eyes 3 brains ·
molars 3 premolars with cusps that are
> rounded
long flexible limbs
↳ with low 3
grasping hands ·
complex social behaviour .
↳ social life
large numbers of
olfactory receptors 3
·
↳ play pseudogenes
↳ observation 3 immitation ·
full trichromatic colour vision .
↳ order
pecking
Primate Family Tree :
pans Ants
Ancestral Primate
, evidence of a common ancestor for
hominids
living
does
* Evolution
theory not
suggest that humans evolved from the chimpanzee
or
gorilla ,
but proposes that
they share a common ancestor .
NB !
Hominids >
group of
primates that contains all the African Apes (past 3
present)
Hominins >
group of hominids that are bipedal (walk on 2
legs) .
They include members of the
genera Ardipithecus ,
Australopithecus 3 Homo .
* 3 Main lines of evidence > Fossil Evidence
>
Genetic Evidence
> Cultural Evidence
Anatomical Differences of Hominids
·
African Apes >
normally walk on 4 legs
> use unuckles on front limbs for support.
> knuckle walkers'
Hominins
normally walk on 2
legs
·
hominids closely related to than the apes.
they
> us to
more are
humans the species of hominin alive today
> are
only .
Anatomical Similarities
·
body structure resembles human
anatomy .
large animals
·
·
large brain
·
no tail
·
sexual dimorphism (distinct difference between male 3 female)
·
hands also used as tools
·
omnivorous 3 have same dental formuld
long gestation period with few born.
young
·
no distinct breeding season
·
