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ATI ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING – UNIT 15 Reproductive System
Disorders 120 Questions with Rationales
SECTION 1: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS (Q1–50)
1. A nurse is teaching a client about the menstrual cycle. Which
hormone is responsible for ovulation?
A. Estrogen
B. Progesterone
C. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Answer: C
Rationale: A surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers
ovulation around day 14 of a 28-day cycle.
2. Which of the following is a symptom of premenstrual
syndrome (PMS)?
A. Breast tenderness, bloating, and mood swings before menses
B. Fever and chills
C. Hematuria
D. Weight loss
Answer: A
Rationale: PMS occurs in the luteal phase and includes physical
and emotional symptoms that resolve with menses.
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3. A client with primary dysmenorrhea is most likely to have:
A. Painful menstruation caused by increased prostaglandins
B. Painless periods
C. Irregular bleeding without pain
D. Postmenopausal bleeding
Answer: A
Rationale: Primary dysmenorrhea is caused by excessive
prostaglandin release, leading to uterine contractions and pain.
4. Which medication is first-line for primary dysmenorrhea?
A. NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen)
B. Opioids only
C. Antibiotics
D. Diuretics only
Answer: A
Rationale: NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and are first-
line for dysmenorrhea.
5. A client is diagnosed with secondary dysmenorrhea. This is
most likely due to:
A. Underlying pelvic pathology such as endometriosis or
fibroids
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B. Normal hormonal changes
C. No identifiable cause
D. Increased prostaglandins only
Answer: A
Rationale: Secondary dysmenorrhea is associated with pelvic
pathology like endometriosis, fibroids, or pelvic inflammatory
disease.
6. Which of the following is a symptom of endometriosis?
A. Severe menstrual cramps, pelvic pain, and infertility
B. Painless periods
C. Heavy bleeding with no pain
D. Absence of menstruation
Answer: A
Rationale: Endometriosis causes dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic
pain, dyspareunia, and infertility.
7. The pathophysiologic process of endometriosis is:
A. Endometrial tissue growing outside the uterus
B. Uterine fibroids
C. Ovarian cysts only
D. Pelvic infection only
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Answer: A
Rationale: Endometriosis is the presence of functional
endometrial tissue outside the uterus, causing inflammation
and scarring.
8. Which of the following is a treatment option for
endometriosis?
A. NSAIDs, hormonal contraceptives, and surgery as indicated
B. Antibiotics only
C. No treatment
D. Only hysterectomy for all clients
Answer: A
Rationale: Treatment includes pain management, hormonal
suppression, and surgery for severe cases.
9. A client with uterine fibroids (leiomyomas) is most likely to
have which symptom?
A. Heavy menstrual bleeding and pelvic pressure
B. Painless periods
C. Postmenopausal bleeding only
D. No symptoms ever
ATI ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING – UNIT 15 Reproductive System
Disorders 120 Questions with Rationales
SECTION 1: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS (Q1–50)
1. A nurse is teaching a client about the menstrual cycle. Which
hormone is responsible for ovulation?
A. Estrogen
B. Progesterone
C. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Answer: C
Rationale: A surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers
ovulation around day 14 of a 28-day cycle.
2. Which of the following is a symptom of premenstrual
syndrome (PMS)?
A. Breast tenderness, bloating, and mood swings before menses
B. Fever and chills
C. Hematuria
D. Weight loss
Answer: A
Rationale: PMS occurs in the luteal phase and includes physical
and emotional symptoms that resolve with menses.
, Page |2
3. A client with primary dysmenorrhea is most likely to have:
A. Painful menstruation caused by increased prostaglandins
B. Painless periods
C. Irregular bleeding without pain
D. Postmenopausal bleeding
Answer: A
Rationale: Primary dysmenorrhea is caused by excessive
prostaglandin release, leading to uterine contractions and pain.
4. Which medication is first-line for primary dysmenorrhea?
A. NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen)
B. Opioids only
C. Antibiotics
D. Diuretics only
Answer: A
Rationale: NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and are first-
line for dysmenorrhea.
5. A client is diagnosed with secondary dysmenorrhea. This is
most likely due to:
A. Underlying pelvic pathology such as endometriosis or
fibroids
, Page |3
B. Normal hormonal changes
C. No identifiable cause
D. Increased prostaglandins only
Answer: A
Rationale: Secondary dysmenorrhea is associated with pelvic
pathology like endometriosis, fibroids, or pelvic inflammatory
disease.
6. Which of the following is a symptom of endometriosis?
A. Severe menstrual cramps, pelvic pain, and infertility
B. Painless periods
C. Heavy bleeding with no pain
D. Absence of menstruation
Answer: A
Rationale: Endometriosis causes dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic
pain, dyspareunia, and infertility.
7. The pathophysiologic process of endometriosis is:
A. Endometrial tissue growing outside the uterus
B. Uterine fibroids
C. Ovarian cysts only
D. Pelvic infection only
, Page |4
Answer: A
Rationale: Endometriosis is the presence of functional
endometrial tissue outside the uterus, causing inflammation
and scarring.
8. Which of the following is a treatment option for
endometriosis?
A. NSAIDs, hormonal contraceptives, and surgery as indicated
B. Antibiotics only
C. No treatment
D. Only hysterectomy for all clients
Answer: A
Rationale: Treatment includes pain management, hormonal
suppression, and surgery for severe cases.
9. A client with uterine fibroids (leiomyomas) is most likely to
have which symptom?
A. Heavy menstrual bleeding and pelvic pressure
B. Painless periods
C. Postmenopausal bleeding only
D. No symptoms ever
