Page |1
ATI ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING – UNIT 5 Hematologic Disorders Practice
Exam Questions and Answers with 100% Verified Rationales
SECTION 1: ANEMIA & ERYTHROCYTE DISORDERS
1. A nurse is caring for a client with iron deficiency anemia.
Which menu selection indicates the client understands dietary
teaching?
A. Tea and whole-wheat toast
B. Coffee and a bagel
C. Lean beef with orange juice
D. Milk and cereal
Answer: C
Rationale: Iron absorption is enhanced by vitamin C (orange
juice). Tea, coffee, and milk can inhibit iron absorption. Lean
beef provides heme iron.
2. Which laboratory value is most specific for iron deficiency
anemia?
A. Low hemoglobin
B. Low MCV
C. Low serum ferritin
D. High reticulocyte count
Answer: C
Rationale: Serum ferritin reflects total body iron stores and is
, Page |2
the most specific indicator of iron deficiency. Low hemoglobin
and MCV can occur in other anemias.
3. A client with pernicious anemia has a deficiency of which
vitamin?
A. Vitamin B6
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin C
D. Folic acid
Answer: B
Rationale: Pernicious anemia results from lack of intrinsic
factor, leading to vitamin B12 deficiency.
4. Which assessment finding is characteristic of pernicious
anemia?
A. Smooth, beefy red tongue
B. Spoon-shaped nails
C. Jaundice
D. Petechiae
Answer: A
Rationale: A smooth, red, beefy tongue (glossitis) is common in
B12 deficiency. Spoon nails are seen in iron deficiency; jaundice
and petechiae are not typical of pernicious anemia.
, Page |3
5. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about vitamin B12 injections
for a client with pernicious anemia. Which statement indicates
understanding?
A. "I will need these injections only until my levels are normal."
B. "I will need these injections for the rest of my life."
C. "I can switch to oral B12 after 1 month."
D. "I only need injections when I feel tired."
Answer: B
Rationale: Pernicious anemia requires lifelong B12 replacement
because the client lacks intrinsic factor and cannot absorb oral
B12.
6. A client with folic acid deficiency anemia should increase
intake of which food?
A. Red meat
B. Green leafy vegetables
C. Dairy products
D. Citrus fruits only
Answer: B
Rationale: Folic acid is found in green leafy vegetables, liver,
and fortified grains.
ATI ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING – UNIT 5 Hematologic Disorders Practice
Exam Questions and Answers with 100% Verified Rationales
SECTION 1: ANEMIA & ERYTHROCYTE DISORDERS
1. A nurse is caring for a client with iron deficiency anemia.
Which menu selection indicates the client understands dietary
teaching?
A. Tea and whole-wheat toast
B. Coffee and a bagel
C. Lean beef with orange juice
D. Milk and cereal
Answer: C
Rationale: Iron absorption is enhanced by vitamin C (orange
juice). Tea, coffee, and milk can inhibit iron absorption. Lean
beef provides heme iron.
2. Which laboratory value is most specific for iron deficiency
anemia?
A. Low hemoglobin
B. Low MCV
C. Low serum ferritin
D. High reticulocyte count
Answer: C
Rationale: Serum ferritin reflects total body iron stores and is
, Page |2
the most specific indicator of iron deficiency. Low hemoglobin
and MCV can occur in other anemias.
3. A client with pernicious anemia has a deficiency of which
vitamin?
A. Vitamin B6
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin C
D. Folic acid
Answer: B
Rationale: Pernicious anemia results from lack of intrinsic
factor, leading to vitamin B12 deficiency.
4. Which assessment finding is characteristic of pernicious
anemia?
A. Smooth, beefy red tongue
B. Spoon-shaped nails
C. Jaundice
D. Petechiae
Answer: A
Rationale: A smooth, red, beefy tongue (glossitis) is common in
B12 deficiency. Spoon nails are seen in iron deficiency; jaundice
and petechiae are not typical of pernicious anemia.
, Page |3
5. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about vitamin B12 injections
for a client with pernicious anemia. Which statement indicates
understanding?
A. "I will need these injections only until my levels are normal."
B. "I will need these injections for the rest of my life."
C. "I can switch to oral B12 after 1 month."
D. "I only need injections when I feel tired."
Answer: B
Rationale: Pernicious anemia requires lifelong B12 replacement
because the client lacks intrinsic factor and cannot absorb oral
B12.
6. A client with folic acid deficiency anemia should increase
intake of which food?
A. Red meat
B. Green leafy vegetables
C. Dairy products
D. Citrus fruits only
Answer: B
Rationale: Folic acid is found in green leafy vegetables, liver,
and fortified grains.
