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ATI ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING – UNIT 7 Renal &
Urinary Disorders 120 Questions with Rationales
SECTION 1: RENAL & URINARY ASSESSMENT & DIAGNOSTICS
1. A nurse is assessing a client's urine output. Which amount
indicates oliguria?
A. 30 mL/hr
B. 15 mL/hr
C. 60 mL/hr
D. 100 mL/hr
Answer: B
Rationale: Oliguria is urine output less than 30 mL/hr or less
than 400 mL/day. 15 mL/hr is oliguric and concerning.
2. Which of the following is a normal glomerular filtration rate
(GFR)?
A. 30 mL/min
B. 60 mL/min
C. 90–120 mL/min
D. 150–200 mL/min
Answer: C
Rationale: Normal GFR is approximately 90–120
mL/min/1.73m².
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3. A client is scheduled for a cystoscopy. Which statement
indicates understanding?
A. "I will be awake with no sedation."
B. "I may have pink-tinged urine after the procedure."
C. "I will not need to void before the procedure."
D. "I can drive myself home immediately."
Answer: B
Rationale: Cystoscopy may cause mild hematuria (pink urine)
afterward. Sedation may be used; client should not drive.
4. Which of the following is a sign of bladder distention?
A. Suprapubic pain and a palpable mass
B. Right upper quadrant pain
C. Flank pain only
D. No symptoms
Answer: A
Rationale: Bladder distention causes suprapubic discomfort and
a palpable bladder.
5. A client is scheduled for a renal biopsy. Which laboratory
value is most important before the procedure?
A. Platelet count and PT/INR
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B. Blood glucose
C. Serum calcium
D. Amylase
Answer: A
Rationale: Coagulation status must be checked to prevent
bleeding after renal biopsy.
6. After a renal biopsy, the client should be positioned:
A. Supine with a pressure dressing and bed rest
B. On the left side only
C. In high Fowler's
D. Prone without support
Answer: A
Rationale: Pressure dressing and limited activity reduce
bleeding risk.
7. Which of the following is a normal serum creatinine level?
A. 0.2–0.4 mg/dL
B. 0.6–1.2 mg/dL
C. 2.0–3.0 mg/dL
D. 3.5–5.0 mg/dL
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Answer: B
Rationale: Normal serum creatinine is approximately 0.6–1.2
mg/dL (varies by lab).
8. A client has a serum creatinine of 3.5 mg/dL. The nurse
should interpret this as:
A. Normal renal function
B. Elevated, indicating impaired renal function
C. Decreased, indicating improved function
D. Normal for older adults only
Answer: B
Rationale: Elevated creatinine indicates reduced glomerular
filtration and renal impairment.
9. Which of the following is a normal blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
level?
A. 1–5 mg/dL
B. 10–20 mg/dL
C. 30–40 mg/dL
D. 45–60 mg/dL
Answer: B
Rationale: Normal BUN is approximately 10–20 mg/dL.
ATI ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING – UNIT 7 Renal &
Urinary Disorders 120 Questions with Rationales
SECTION 1: RENAL & URINARY ASSESSMENT & DIAGNOSTICS
1. A nurse is assessing a client's urine output. Which amount
indicates oliguria?
A. 30 mL/hr
B. 15 mL/hr
C. 60 mL/hr
D. 100 mL/hr
Answer: B
Rationale: Oliguria is urine output less than 30 mL/hr or less
than 400 mL/day. 15 mL/hr is oliguric and concerning.
2. Which of the following is a normal glomerular filtration rate
(GFR)?
A. 30 mL/min
B. 60 mL/min
C. 90–120 mL/min
D. 150–200 mL/min
Answer: C
Rationale: Normal GFR is approximately 90–120
mL/min/1.73m².
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3. A client is scheduled for a cystoscopy. Which statement
indicates understanding?
A. "I will be awake with no sedation."
B. "I may have pink-tinged urine after the procedure."
C. "I will not need to void before the procedure."
D. "I can drive myself home immediately."
Answer: B
Rationale: Cystoscopy may cause mild hematuria (pink urine)
afterward. Sedation may be used; client should not drive.
4. Which of the following is a sign of bladder distention?
A. Suprapubic pain and a palpable mass
B. Right upper quadrant pain
C. Flank pain only
D. No symptoms
Answer: A
Rationale: Bladder distention causes suprapubic discomfort and
a palpable bladder.
5. A client is scheduled for a renal biopsy. Which laboratory
value is most important before the procedure?
A. Platelet count and PT/INR
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B. Blood glucose
C. Serum calcium
D. Amylase
Answer: A
Rationale: Coagulation status must be checked to prevent
bleeding after renal biopsy.
6. After a renal biopsy, the client should be positioned:
A. Supine with a pressure dressing and bed rest
B. On the left side only
C. In high Fowler's
D. Prone without support
Answer: A
Rationale: Pressure dressing and limited activity reduce
bleeding risk.
7. Which of the following is a normal serum creatinine level?
A. 0.2–0.4 mg/dL
B. 0.6–1.2 mg/dL
C. 2.0–3.0 mg/dL
D. 3.5–5.0 mg/dL
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Answer: B
Rationale: Normal serum creatinine is approximately 0.6–1.2
mg/dL (varies by lab).
8. A client has a serum creatinine of 3.5 mg/dL. The nurse
should interpret this as:
A. Normal renal function
B. Elevated, indicating impaired renal function
C. Decreased, indicating improved function
D. Normal for older adults only
Answer: B
Rationale: Elevated creatinine indicates reduced glomerular
filtration and renal impairment.
9. Which of the following is a normal blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
level?
A. 1–5 mg/dL
B. 10–20 mg/dL
C. 30–40 mg/dL
D. 45–60 mg/dL
Answer: B
Rationale: Normal BUN is approximately 10–20 mg/dL.
