FINAL EXAMINATIONS Anatomy &
Physiology Questions With Correct
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Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
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1. Which organ system is primarily responsible for
transporting oxygen, nutrients, and hormones throughout the
body?
A. Respiratory system
B. Digestive system
C. Cardiovascular system
D. Nervous system
* The cardiovascular system (heart and blood vessels)
circulates blood, delivering oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and
removing waste products. While other systems support these
processes, only the cardiovascular system directly transports
substances throughout the entire body.
,2. The functional unit of the kidney is the:
A. Alveolus
B. Neuron
C. Nephron
D. Osteon
* The nephron is the microscopic functional unit of the
kidney responsible for filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
Alveoli are in the lungs, neurons in the nervous system, and
osteons in bone tissue.
3. Which type of muscle is under voluntary control?
A. Cardiac muscle
B. Smooth muscle
C. Skeletal muscle
D. Visceral muscle
* Skeletal muscle is attached to bones and controlled
consciously. Cardiac and smooth muscles are involuntary and
regulated by the autonomic nervous system.
4. The main function of red blood cells is to:
A. Fight infection
B. Clot blood
,C. Transport oxygen
D. Produce antibodies
* Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds and
transports oxygen from the lungs to tissues. White blood cells
handle immunity, and platelets assist in clotting.
5. Which structure connects muscle to bone?
A. Ligament
B. Cartilage
C. Fascia
D. Tendon
* Tendons connect muscles to bones, allowing movement.
Ligaments connect bone to bone.
6. The brain and spinal cord make up the:
A. Peripheral nervous system
B. Autonomic nervous system
C. Somatic nervous system
D. Central nervous system
* The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal
cord, responsible for processing and integrating information.
, 7. Which blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
A. Vein
B. Capillary
C. Artery
D. Venule
* Arteries carry blood away from the heart, usually
oxygenated (except pulmonary arteries). Veins return blood to
the heart.
8. The smallest living unit of the body is the:
A. Tissue
B. Organ
C. System
D. Cell
* Cells are the basic structural and functional units of all
living organisms.
9. Which bone is part of the axial skeleton?
A. Femur
B. Humerus
C. Scapula
D. Skull
Physiology Questions With Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. Which organ system is primarily responsible for
transporting oxygen, nutrients, and hormones throughout the
body?
A. Respiratory system
B. Digestive system
C. Cardiovascular system
D. Nervous system
* The cardiovascular system (heart and blood vessels)
circulates blood, delivering oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and
removing waste products. While other systems support these
processes, only the cardiovascular system directly transports
substances throughout the entire body.
,2. The functional unit of the kidney is the:
A. Alveolus
B. Neuron
C. Nephron
D. Osteon
* The nephron is the microscopic functional unit of the
kidney responsible for filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
Alveoli are in the lungs, neurons in the nervous system, and
osteons in bone tissue.
3. Which type of muscle is under voluntary control?
A. Cardiac muscle
B. Smooth muscle
C. Skeletal muscle
D. Visceral muscle
* Skeletal muscle is attached to bones and controlled
consciously. Cardiac and smooth muscles are involuntary and
regulated by the autonomic nervous system.
4. The main function of red blood cells is to:
A. Fight infection
B. Clot blood
,C. Transport oxygen
D. Produce antibodies
* Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds and
transports oxygen from the lungs to tissues. White blood cells
handle immunity, and platelets assist in clotting.
5. Which structure connects muscle to bone?
A. Ligament
B. Cartilage
C. Fascia
D. Tendon
* Tendons connect muscles to bones, allowing movement.
Ligaments connect bone to bone.
6. The brain and spinal cord make up the:
A. Peripheral nervous system
B. Autonomic nervous system
C. Somatic nervous system
D. Central nervous system
* The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal
cord, responsible for processing and integrating information.
, 7. Which blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
A. Vein
B. Capillary
C. Artery
D. Venule
* Arteries carry blood away from the heart, usually
oxygenated (except pulmonary arteries). Veins return blood to
the heart.
8. The smallest living unit of the body is the:
A. Tissue
B. Organ
C. System
D. Cell
* Cells are the basic structural and functional units of all
living organisms.
9. Which bone is part of the axial skeleton?
A. Femur
B. Humerus
C. Scapula
D. Skull
