CCRN TEST |ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS 2026-2027 UPDATED EDITION|GRADED
A+
Question 1
Which 12-lead ECG changes should be expected in a patient with ACS involving the inferior
wall?
a) ST segment elevation in leads II, III and all the precordial leads
b) ST segment elevation and deeply inverted T waves in leads II, III and AvF
c) ST segment elevation and deeply inverted T waves in leads V4-V6, I and aVL
d) ST segment depression and T wave elevation in leads II, III and AvL
CORRECT ANSWER
Correct Answer: ST segment elevation and deeply inverted T waves in leads II, III and AvF
An inferior wall MI is associated with changes in leads II, III and aVF. ST segment elevation
in leads V4-V6 and aVL are associated with an anterolateral MI. ST elevation in leads II, III,
and all of the precordial leads are consistent with a lateral wall MI. ACS is not associated
with changes in leads II, III and aVL. Leads I and aVL are the lateral leads. ST segment
depression is indicative of ischemia or an NSTEMI.
REF: Morton PG, Fontaine DK. 2018.
Question 2
When teaching a family member to perform an aspect of patient care, the nurse should
understand that family members...
a) learn best if shown a complex procedure all at once.
b) are unaffected by the timing of teaching.
c) learn unrelated tasks first.
1
@https://www.stuvia.com/user/thestudyvault
,d) learn best if they perceive a need to learn.
CORRECT ANSWER
Learn best if they percieve a need to learn;
Family members learn best if they perceive a need to learn. This is consistent with adult
learning theory. Establishing a "need to know" is an important first step for optimal
educational efforts. The timing of education is important for an optimal outcome to be
realized. Teaching unrelated tasks will not enhance learning and is a waste of the family's
and provider's time. Learners are goal-oriented and want to make a connection between
what they are being taught and the goal (skill or knowledge) needed to solve a problem. If
they recognize the relevance of the task, they are more likely to be successful
Question 3
Which may cause the development of fixed pupils?
a) hyperoxia
b) olfactory damage
c) hypothermia
d) opiates
CORRECT ANSWER
Hypothermia;
Hypothermia may cause fixed pupils. Hyperoxia (oxygen toxicity) does not result in fixed
pupils. However, hypoxia may cause wide and fixed pupils due to midbrain damage.
Opiates may cause pinpoint pupils, but they are not fixed. The olfactory nerve is
responsible for the sense of smell.REF: Morton PG, Fontaine DK. 2018.
Question 4
Which places the older adult at greater risk for alcohol-induced disease?
2
@https://www.stuvia.com/user/thestudyvault
, CORRECT ANSWER
Use of psychotropic drugs is a risk factor for older adults developing alcohol-induced
disease. This is due to the synergetic effects of psychotropic drugs and alcohol. Alcohol
enhances the sedative effects of frequently used psychotropic drugs. Older adults have a
slower metabolism, a smaller volume of body water, and a decrease in lean body tissue
associated with aging.
Question 5
Following hip replacement surgery, an elderly patient with a history of diabetes, hepatic
insufficiency and alcohol abuse has a postoperative course complicated by the
development of a STAPHYLOCOCCUS infection at the surgical site. Which intervention has
the highest priority? a) Anticipate a return to the operating room.
b) Prepare the patient for wound closure.
c) Apply negative-pressure wound therapy.
d) Place the patient on strict isolation.
CORRECT ANSWER
Anticipate a return to the operating room.
The patient has risk factors (elderly, diabetes, alcohol and liver disease) and signs ( Staph
infection) of necrotizing fasciitis. Necrotic tissue must be completely excised and explored
to clean tissue and ensure the infection does not directly inoculate bone tissue. Strict
isolation is not required as necrotizing fasciitis is not contagious. Negative-pressure wound
therapy could be used once the wound has undergone debridement of necrotic tissue.
Local and systemic infection must be completely controlled before wound closure is
addressed.REF: Morton, P.G. & Fontaine, D.K. (2018).
Question 6
A patient has heart failure secondary to ischemic cardiomyopathy and end-stage coronary
artery disease. Which agents would be the MOST beneficial? a) flecainide (Tambocor) and
hydralazine (Apresoline)
3
@https://www.stuvia.com/user/thestudyvault
ANSWERS 2026-2027 UPDATED EDITION|GRADED
A+
Question 1
Which 12-lead ECG changes should be expected in a patient with ACS involving the inferior
wall?
a) ST segment elevation in leads II, III and all the precordial leads
b) ST segment elevation and deeply inverted T waves in leads II, III and AvF
c) ST segment elevation and deeply inverted T waves in leads V4-V6, I and aVL
d) ST segment depression and T wave elevation in leads II, III and AvL
CORRECT ANSWER
Correct Answer: ST segment elevation and deeply inverted T waves in leads II, III and AvF
An inferior wall MI is associated with changes in leads II, III and aVF. ST segment elevation
in leads V4-V6 and aVL are associated with an anterolateral MI. ST elevation in leads II, III,
and all of the precordial leads are consistent with a lateral wall MI. ACS is not associated
with changes in leads II, III and aVL. Leads I and aVL are the lateral leads. ST segment
depression is indicative of ischemia or an NSTEMI.
REF: Morton PG, Fontaine DK. 2018.
Question 2
When teaching a family member to perform an aspect of patient care, the nurse should
understand that family members...
a) learn best if shown a complex procedure all at once.
b) are unaffected by the timing of teaching.
c) learn unrelated tasks first.
1
@https://www.stuvia.com/user/thestudyvault
,d) learn best if they perceive a need to learn.
CORRECT ANSWER
Learn best if they percieve a need to learn;
Family members learn best if they perceive a need to learn. This is consistent with adult
learning theory. Establishing a "need to know" is an important first step for optimal
educational efforts. The timing of education is important for an optimal outcome to be
realized. Teaching unrelated tasks will not enhance learning and is a waste of the family's
and provider's time. Learners are goal-oriented and want to make a connection between
what they are being taught and the goal (skill or knowledge) needed to solve a problem. If
they recognize the relevance of the task, they are more likely to be successful
Question 3
Which may cause the development of fixed pupils?
a) hyperoxia
b) olfactory damage
c) hypothermia
d) opiates
CORRECT ANSWER
Hypothermia;
Hypothermia may cause fixed pupils. Hyperoxia (oxygen toxicity) does not result in fixed
pupils. However, hypoxia may cause wide and fixed pupils due to midbrain damage.
Opiates may cause pinpoint pupils, but they are not fixed. The olfactory nerve is
responsible for the sense of smell.REF: Morton PG, Fontaine DK. 2018.
Question 4
Which places the older adult at greater risk for alcohol-induced disease?
2
@https://www.stuvia.com/user/thestudyvault
, CORRECT ANSWER
Use of psychotropic drugs is a risk factor for older adults developing alcohol-induced
disease. This is due to the synergetic effects of psychotropic drugs and alcohol. Alcohol
enhances the sedative effects of frequently used psychotropic drugs. Older adults have a
slower metabolism, a smaller volume of body water, and a decrease in lean body tissue
associated with aging.
Question 5
Following hip replacement surgery, an elderly patient with a history of diabetes, hepatic
insufficiency and alcohol abuse has a postoperative course complicated by the
development of a STAPHYLOCOCCUS infection at the surgical site. Which intervention has
the highest priority? a) Anticipate a return to the operating room.
b) Prepare the patient for wound closure.
c) Apply negative-pressure wound therapy.
d) Place the patient on strict isolation.
CORRECT ANSWER
Anticipate a return to the operating room.
The patient has risk factors (elderly, diabetes, alcohol and liver disease) and signs ( Staph
infection) of necrotizing fasciitis. Necrotic tissue must be completely excised and explored
to clean tissue and ensure the infection does not directly inoculate bone tissue. Strict
isolation is not required as necrotizing fasciitis is not contagious. Negative-pressure wound
therapy could be used once the wound has undergone debridement of necrotic tissue.
Local and systemic infection must be completely controlled before wound closure is
addressed.REF: Morton, P.G. & Fontaine, D.K. (2018).
Question 6
A patient has heart failure secondary to ischemic cardiomyopathy and end-stage coronary
artery disease. Which agents would be the MOST beneficial? a) flecainide (Tambocor) and
hydralazine (Apresoline)
3
@https://www.stuvia.com/user/thestudyvault
