BIOS251 EXAM PREP QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS BUNDLED FULL SOLUTION
STUDY SHEET
●● What are the two categories of chemical reactions?
Answer: Synthesis reactions (Anabolism) and Decomposition reactions
(Catabolism).
●● What is the function of synthesis reactions?
Answer: Building of molecules from small and simple to large and
complex.
●● What is the function of decomposition reactions?
Answer: Break down of molecules from large and complex to small and
simple.
●● What is cellular respiration?
Answer: Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy.
●● What are the three parts of a cell?
Answer: Plasma membrane, Cytoplasm, and Organelles.
,●● What is the role of the plasma membrane?
Answer: Defines the boundaries of the cell and acts as a barrier between
the cell and its environment.
●● What is intracellular fluid (ICF)?
Answer: Fluid inside the cell.
●● What is extracellular fluid (ECF)?
Answer: Fluid outside of the cell.
●● What is the structure of the plasma membrane?
Answer: Phospholipid bilayer with hydrophobic fatty acid chains and a
hydrophilic head.
●● What are integral proteins?
Answer: Amphipathic proteins that span the entire depth of the plasma
membrane.
●● What are peripheral proteins?
Answer: Proteins located on the outside of the plasma membrane that
can dissociate from it.
●● What are passive processes in membrane transport?
, Answer: Processes that do not require energy and move substances
down the concentration gradient.
●● What is simple diffusion?
Answer: Movement of substances from an area of high concentration to
an area of low concentration.
●● What is facilitated diffusion?
Answer: Diffusion that occurs with the help of transmembrane proteins
or channels.
●● What is osmosis?
Answer: Movement of water from an area of high concentration of water
to an area of low concentration of water.
●● What does tonicity refer to?
Answer: How a solution influences the shape of cells.
●● What happens in an isotonic solution?
Answer: There is no movement of water; the cell maintains its shape.
●● What is a hypertonic solution?
ANSWERS BUNDLED FULL SOLUTION
STUDY SHEET
●● What are the two categories of chemical reactions?
Answer: Synthesis reactions (Anabolism) and Decomposition reactions
(Catabolism).
●● What is the function of synthesis reactions?
Answer: Building of molecules from small and simple to large and
complex.
●● What is the function of decomposition reactions?
Answer: Break down of molecules from large and complex to small and
simple.
●● What is cellular respiration?
Answer: Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy.
●● What are the three parts of a cell?
Answer: Plasma membrane, Cytoplasm, and Organelles.
,●● What is the role of the plasma membrane?
Answer: Defines the boundaries of the cell and acts as a barrier between
the cell and its environment.
●● What is intracellular fluid (ICF)?
Answer: Fluid inside the cell.
●● What is extracellular fluid (ECF)?
Answer: Fluid outside of the cell.
●● What is the structure of the plasma membrane?
Answer: Phospholipid bilayer with hydrophobic fatty acid chains and a
hydrophilic head.
●● What are integral proteins?
Answer: Amphipathic proteins that span the entire depth of the plasma
membrane.
●● What are peripheral proteins?
Answer: Proteins located on the outside of the plasma membrane that
can dissociate from it.
●● What are passive processes in membrane transport?
, Answer: Processes that do not require energy and move substances
down the concentration gradient.
●● What is simple diffusion?
Answer: Movement of substances from an area of high concentration to
an area of low concentration.
●● What is facilitated diffusion?
Answer: Diffusion that occurs with the help of transmembrane proteins
or channels.
●● What is osmosis?
Answer: Movement of water from an area of high concentration of water
to an area of low concentration of water.
●● What does tonicity refer to?
Answer: How a solution influences the shape of cells.
●● What happens in an isotonic solution?
Answer: There is no movement of water; the cell maintains its shape.
●● What is a hypertonic solution?
