CLAS 101 TEST 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026
What is Proto-Indo-European? - Answers Proto-Indo-European is the hypothetical common ancestor
of the Indo-European languages, believed to have been spoken several thousand years ago.
What are loan words? - Answers Loan words are words adopted from one language and incorporated
into another without translation.
What is a hybrid word? - Answers A hybrid word is a word that is formed from elements of different
languages.
What is cosmogony? - Answers Cosmogony is a branch of mythology that deals with the origin of the
universe and the creation of the world.
Who is Gaia? - Answers Gaia is the personification of the Earth in Greek mythology, often considered
the mother of all life.
Who is Ouranos? - Answers Ouranos is the personification of the sky in Greek mythology and the
father of the Titans.
What is a pantheon? - Answers A pantheon is a set of all the gods of a particular polytheistic religion
or mythology.
Who is Kronos? - Answers Kronos is a Titan in Greek mythology who is known for overthrowing his
father Ouranos and later being overthrown by his son Zeus.
What is an epithet? - Answers An epithet is a descriptive phrase expressing a quality or characteristic
of a person or thing, often used in literature.
What is a sphere of influence? - Answers A sphere of influence refers to the area of control or
influence that a deity or character has over certain aspects of life or nature.
What defines a Greek hero? - Answers A Greek hero is typically defined by their extraordinary
abilities, noble birth, and often a tragic fate, embodying the values of their culture.
What is katabasis? - Answers Katabasis is a descent to the underworld in mythology, often
representing a journey of transformation or discovery.
What is xenia? - Answers Xenia is the ancient Greek concept of hospitality and the generosity shown
to those who are far from home.
What is the plot of the Iliad? - Answers The Iliad narrates the events of the Trojan War, focusing on
the conflict between Achilles and Agamemnon and the themes of honor and fate.
What is the plot of the Odyssey? - Answers The Odyssey follows the hero Odysseus as he journeys
home after the Trojan War, facing numerous challenges and adventures along the way.
What is the plot of the Aeneid? - Answers The Aeneid tells the story of Aeneas, a Trojan hero, as he
travels to Italy to found a new city, facing trials and fulfilling his destiny.
What is a Sisyphean task? - Answers A Sisyphean task refers to a task that is endless and futile,
named after Sisyphus, who was condemned to roll a boulder up a hill only for it to roll back down
each time he reached the top.
What is an etiological myth? - Answers An etiological myth is a story that explains the origin of a
phenomenon or a custom, often found in ancient cultures.
What is the significance of the Homeric Hymn to Demeter? - Answers The Homeric Hymn to Demeter
is an etiological myth that explains the changing of the seasons through the story of Demeter and her
daughter Persephone.
What is classics? - Answers Study of ancient Greece and Rome
What is mythology? - Answers A body of stories about gods and heroes that try to explain how the
world works
What is Tantalus' punishment? - Answers Forced to stand in water but every time he goes to take a
drink it disappears and forced to stand under fruit trees but whenever he reaches for a fruit, the wind
blows it away
What is anthropomorphic? - Answers having human form or attributes
What are the parts of the underworld? - Answers Tartarus (a deep prison for the wicked), the
Asphodel Meadows (for most ordinary souls), and Elysium (a paradise for heroes and the virtuous)
What happened during the trojan horse? - Answers 10-year conflict in Greek mythology between the
Greeks (Achaeans) and the city of Troy, sparked by Paris of Troy abducting Helen, wife of Menelaus;
English words come from French, Latin, German Languages, and Greek - Answers
Zeus(Jupiter) - Answers Sphere of Influence: king of gods, weather and guest-host relationship
Attribute: thunderbolt, eagle, throne
, Epithets: father of gods and men, son of Kronos
Hera(Juno) - Answers Sphere of Influence: queen of gods, marriage, woman as wives and mothers
Attribute: peacock, throne, scepter
Epithets: cow-eyed, agrive
Poseidon(Neptune) - Answers Sphere of Influence: ocean, earthquake, horses
Attribute: trident, marine life
Epithets: earther-shaker
Demeter (Ceres) - Answers Sphere of Influence: agriculture, fertility
Attribute: wheat, torches, cornucopia
Athena (Minerva) - Answers Sphere of Influence: god of strategy, wisdom, weaving
Attribute: aegis, owl, woman in armor
Epithets: pallas, parthenos
Apollo - Answers Sphere of Influence: god of healing, music, oracles, transition from boyhood to man,
archery, sun
Attribute: laurel tree, lyre
Epithets: far-shooter, phoebus(bright), paean (healer)
Artemis(Diana) Apollo's twin - Answers Sphere of Influence: goddess of hunting , girlhood to woman,
wild animals, childbirth, moon
Attribute: short dress, bow and arrow, wildlife (deer)
Epithets: far-shooter, shooter of
Ares(mars) - Answers Sphere of Influence: god of violence in war and bloodlust
Attribute: armor, weapons, aphrodite
Epithets: man slaughtering
Aphrodite (Venus) - Answers Sphere of Influence: goddess of sex, love, lust
Attribute: nude, doves, Eros (cupid)
Epithets: laughter-loving
Hephaestus - Answers Sphere of Influence: metalwork, smithing, fire
Attribute: hammer, anvil, tongs
Epithets: smith, the lame god
Hermes(Mercury) - Answers Sphere of Influence: boundaries, thieves, travelers, fertility
Attribute: winged sandals, travelers cap
Epithets: slayer of argus, psychopomp
Dionysus (Bacchus) - Answers Sphere of Influence: wine, theater, madness, liberation
Attribute: vines, leopard, skins
Epithets: roarer, freer
Cactus in plural form - Answers cacti
Vertebra in plural form - Answers vertebrae
Appendix in plural form - Answers appendices
Atrium in plural form - Answers atria
Diagnosis in plural form - Answers diagnoses
Achilles - Answers The greatest Greek warrior in the Iliad; nearly invincible except for his heel, driven
by honor and rage after the death of Patroclus.
Menelaus - Answers King of Sparta; husband of Helen whose abduction by Paris sparked the Trojan
War.
Agamemnon - Answers King of Mycenae and leader of the Greek army; brother of Menelaus and
often in conflict with Achilles over pride and authority.
Odysseus - Answers King of Ithaca; known for his intelligence and cunning; hero of the Odyssey who
spends ten years trying to return home after the Trojan War.
Patroclus - Answers Close companion of Achilles; his death at the hands of Hector motivates Achilles
to rejoin the battle.
Priam - Answers King of Troy; father of Hector and Paris; known for humbly begging Achilles to return
Hector's body.
Hector - Answers Greatest Trojan warrior; eldest son of Priam; defender of Troy and husband of
Andromache.
Paris - Answers trojan prince; abducts Helen, causing the Trojan War; kills Achilles with an arrow
(with Apollo's help).
What is Proto-Indo-European? - Answers Proto-Indo-European is the hypothetical common ancestor
of the Indo-European languages, believed to have been spoken several thousand years ago.
What are loan words? - Answers Loan words are words adopted from one language and incorporated
into another without translation.
What is a hybrid word? - Answers A hybrid word is a word that is formed from elements of different
languages.
What is cosmogony? - Answers Cosmogony is a branch of mythology that deals with the origin of the
universe and the creation of the world.
Who is Gaia? - Answers Gaia is the personification of the Earth in Greek mythology, often considered
the mother of all life.
Who is Ouranos? - Answers Ouranos is the personification of the sky in Greek mythology and the
father of the Titans.
What is a pantheon? - Answers A pantheon is a set of all the gods of a particular polytheistic religion
or mythology.
Who is Kronos? - Answers Kronos is a Titan in Greek mythology who is known for overthrowing his
father Ouranos and later being overthrown by his son Zeus.
What is an epithet? - Answers An epithet is a descriptive phrase expressing a quality or characteristic
of a person or thing, often used in literature.
What is a sphere of influence? - Answers A sphere of influence refers to the area of control or
influence that a deity or character has over certain aspects of life or nature.
What defines a Greek hero? - Answers A Greek hero is typically defined by their extraordinary
abilities, noble birth, and often a tragic fate, embodying the values of their culture.
What is katabasis? - Answers Katabasis is a descent to the underworld in mythology, often
representing a journey of transformation or discovery.
What is xenia? - Answers Xenia is the ancient Greek concept of hospitality and the generosity shown
to those who are far from home.
What is the plot of the Iliad? - Answers The Iliad narrates the events of the Trojan War, focusing on
the conflict between Achilles and Agamemnon and the themes of honor and fate.
What is the plot of the Odyssey? - Answers The Odyssey follows the hero Odysseus as he journeys
home after the Trojan War, facing numerous challenges and adventures along the way.
What is the plot of the Aeneid? - Answers The Aeneid tells the story of Aeneas, a Trojan hero, as he
travels to Italy to found a new city, facing trials and fulfilling his destiny.
What is a Sisyphean task? - Answers A Sisyphean task refers to a task that is endless and futile,
named after Sisyphus, who was condemned to roll a boulder up a hill only for it to roll back down
each time he reached the top.
What is an etiological myth? - Answers An etiological myth is a story that explains the origin of a
phenomenon or a custom, often found in ancient cultures.
What is the significance of the Homeric Hymn to Demeter? - Answers The Homeric Hymn to Demeter
is an etiological myth that explains the changing of the seasons through the story of Demeter and her
daughter Persephone.
What is classics? - Answers Study of ancient Greece and Rome
What is mythology? - Answers A body of stories about gods and heroes that try to explain how the
world works
What is Tantalus' punishment? - Answers Forced to stand in water but every time he goes to take a
drink it disappears and forced to stand under fruit trees but whenever he reaches for a fruit, the wind
blows it away
What is anthropomorphic? - Answers having human form or attributes
What are the parts of the underworld? - Answers Tartarus (a deep prison for the wicked), the
Asphodel Meadows (for most ordinary souls), and Elysium (a paradise for heroes and the virtuous)
What happened during the trojan horse? - Answers 10-year conflict in Greek mythology between the
Greeks (Achaeans) and the city of Troy, sparked by Paris of Troy abducting Helen, wife of Menelaus;
English words come from French, Latin, German Languages, and Greek - Answers
Zeus(Jupiter) - Answers Sphere of Influence: king of gods, weather and guest-host relationship
Attribute: thunderbolt, eagle, throne
, Epithets: father of gods and men, son of Kronos
Hera(Juno) - Answers Sphere of Influence: queen of gods, marriage, woman as wives and mothers
Attribute: peacock, throne, scepter
Epithets: cow-eyed, agrive
Poseidon(Neptune) - Answers Sphere of Influence: ocean, earthquake, horses
Attribute: trident, marine life
Epithets: earther-shaker
Demeter (Ceres) - Answers Sphere of Influence: agriculture, fertility
Attribute: wheat, torches, cornucopia
Athena (Minerva) - Answers Sphere of Influence: god of strategy, wisdom, weaving
Attribute: aegis, owl, woman in armor
Epithets: pallas, parthenos
Apollo - Answers Sphere of Influence: god of healing, music, oracles, transition from boyhood to man,
archery, sun
Attribute: laurel tree, lyre
Epithets: far-shooter, phoebus(bright), paean (healer)
Artemis(Diana) Apollo's twin - Answers Sphere of Influence: goddess of hunting , girlhood to woman,
wild animals, childbirth, moon
Attribute: short dress, bow and arrow, wildlife (deer)
Epithets: far-shooter, shooter of
Ares(mars) - Answers Sphere of Influence: god of violence in war and bloodlust
Attribute: armor, weapons, aphrodite
Epithets: man slaughtering
Aphrodite (Venus) - Answers Sphere of Influence: goddess of sex, love, lust
Attribute: nude, doves, Eros (cupid)
Epithets: laughter-loving
Hephaestus - Answers Sphere of Influence: metalwork, smithing, fire
Attribute: hammer, anvil, tongs
Epithets: smith, the lame god
Hermes(Mercury) - Answers Sphere of Influence: boundaries, thieves, travelers, fertility
Attribute: winged sandals, travelers cap
Epithets: slayer of argus, psychopomp
Dionysus (Bacchus) - Answers Sphere of Influence: wine, theater, madness, liberation
Attribute: vines, leopard, skins
Epithets: roarer, freer
Cactus in plural form - Answers cacti
Vertebra in plural form - Answers vertebrae
Appendix in plural form - Answers appendices
Atrium in plural form - Answers atria
Diagnosis in plural form - Answers diagnoses
Achilles - Answers The greatest Greek warrior in the Iliad; nearly invincible except for his heel, driven
by honor and rage after the death of Patroclus.
Menelaus - Answers King of Sparta; husband of Helen whose abduction by Paris sparked the Trojan
War.
Agamemnon - Answers King of Mycenae and leader of the Greek army; brother of Menelaus and
often in conflict with Achilles over pride and authority.
Odysseus - Answers King of Ithaca; known for his intelligence and cunning; hero of the Odyssey who
spends ten years trying to return home after the Trojan War.
Patroclus - Answers Close companion of Achilles; his death at the hands of Hector motivates Achilles
to rejoin the battle.
Priam - Answers King of Troy; father of Hector and Paris; known for humbly begging Achilles to return
Hector's body.
Hector - Answers Greatest Trojan warrior; eldest son of Priam; defender of Troy and husband of
Andromache.
Paris - Answers trojan prince; abducts Helen, causing the Trojan War; kills Achilles with an arrow
(with Apollo's help).
