,South College NSG 5442 Exam 3 | Pediatric Primary Care
(2026) Q&A
1. A parent brings a toddler to the pediatric clinic, and the nurse observes multiple bruises in
various stages of healing on the child's back and buttocks. The parent states the toddler
"bruises easily." Which is the priority action by the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner?
A) Document the parent's explanation and schedule a follow-up visit in 2 weeks
B) Order a coagulation panel to rule out a bleeding disorder
C) Report the findings to Child Protective Services (CPS) as suspected physical abuse
D) Ask the parent to demonstrate how they handle the child during tantrums
Correct Answer: Report the findings to Child Protective Services (CPS) as suspected physical
abuse
Rationale: Bruises in various stages of healing on the back, buttocks, or torso are highly
suspicious for physical abuse. Healthcare providers are mandated reporters and must report
suspected abuse to CPS. Further assessment and documentation are important, but
reporting is the legal and ethical priority.
2. Which of the following statements best defines the term "child maltreatment" according
to legal and professional standards?
A) Intentional injury of a child by a caregiver
B) Not giving a child what he or she wants
C) Failure to provide what a child needs
D) Accidental harm to a child by someone
Correct Answer: Intentional injury of a child by a caregiver
Rationale: Child maltreatment is defined as intentional injury or harm to a child by a
caregiver or other person in a position of responsibility. This includes physical abuse,
,neglect, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse, all of which involve acts of commission or
omission that result in harm.
3. The school nurse observes parents interacting with a school-aged child and notices they
do not show any affection, provide no emotional support, and offer no supervision. The child
reports he must care for all his own hygiene tasks and find his own food. This pattern is most
consistent with which type of maltreatment?
A) Physical abuse
B) Psychological abuse
C) Physical neglect
D) Sexual abuse
Correct Answer: Psychological abuse
Rationale: Psychological (emotional) abuse includes the lack of emotional support, affection,
and supervision, along with failure to meet the child's emotional needs. The parents'
withholding of love and basic emotional connection, combined with the child's need for self-
care, constitutes psychological abuse.
4. The majority of perpetrators of child abuse reported to state Child Protective Service
agencies are:
A) Neighbors within one block
B) Strangers
C) Parents
D) Relatives other than parents
Correct Answer: Parents
Rationale: Parents are the most common perpetrators of child abuse and neglect reported
to CPS. While other relatives, caregivers, and acquaintances can also be perpetrators,
parents are statistically the most frequent offenders.
, 5. The majority of child abuse victims fall into which age range?
A) Over 10 years
B) 8 to 10 years
C) 6 to 8 years
D) Under 6 years
Correct Answer: Under 6 years
Rationale: Children under 6 years of age are the most vulnerable and constitute the majority
of child abuse victims. Their dependency, inability to report abuse, and developmental
vulnerability make them at highest risk.
6. Which is the most common type of mistreatment of children reported to Child Protective
Services?
A) Physical abuse
B) Neglect
C) Sexual abuse
D) Emotional maltreatment
Correct Answer: Neglect
Rationale: Neglect is the most common form of child maltreatment. It involves the failure of
a caregiver to provide for a child's basic needs, including food, shelter, clothing, medical
care, education, and supervision.
7. In the sociological model of family violence, family violence is viewed as:
A) A pattern of behavior that is passed from generation to generation
B) A pattern of harm within the nuclear family with no outside persons involved
(2026) Q&A
1. A parent brings a toddler to the pediatric clinic, and the nurse observes multiple bruises in
various stages of healing on the child's back and buttocks. The parent states the toddler
"bruises easily." Which is the priority action by the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner?
A) Document the parent's explanation and schedule a follow-up visit in 2 weeks
B) Order a coagulation panel to rule out a bleeding disorder
C) Report the findings to Child Protective Services (CPS) as suspected physical abuse
D) Ask the parent to demonstrate how they handle the child during tantrums
Correct Answer: Report the findings to Child Protective Services (CPS) as suspected physical
abuse
Rationale: Bruises in various stages of healing on the back, buttocks, or torso are highly
suspicious for physical abuse. Healthcare providers are mandated reporters and must report
suspected abuse to CPS. Further assessment and documentation are important, but
reporting is the legal and ethical priority.
2. Which of the following statements best defines the term "child maltreatment" according
to legal and professional standards?
A) Intentional injury of a child by a caregiver
B) Not giving a child what he or she wants
C) Failure to provide what a child needs
D) Accidental harm to a child by someone
Correct Answer: Intentional injury of a child by a caregiver
Rationale: Child maltreatment is defined as intentional injury or harm to a child by a
caregiver or other person in a position of responsibility. This includes physical abuse,
,neglect, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse, all of which involve acts of commission or
omission that result in harm.
3. The school nurse observes parents interacting with a school-aged child and notices they
do not show any affection, provide no emotional support, and offer no supervision. The child
reports he must care for all his own hygiene tasks and find his own food. This pattern is most
consistent with which type of maltreatment?
A) Physical abuse
B) Psychological abuse
C) Physical neglect
D) Sexual abuse
Correct Answer: Psychological abuse
Rationale: Psychological (emotional) abuse includes the lack of emotional support, affection,
and supervision, along with failure to meet the child's emotional needs. The parents'
withholding of love and basic emotional connection, combined with the child's need for self-
care, constitutes psychological abuse.
4. The majority of perpetrators of child abuse reported to state Child Protective Service
agencies are:
A) Neighbors within one block
B) Strangers
C) Parents
D) Relatives other than parents
Correct Answer: Parents
Rationale: Parents are the most common perpetrators of child abuse and neglect reported
to CPS. While other relatives, caregivers, and acquaintances can also be perpetrators,
parents are statistically the most frequent offenders.
, 5. The majority of child abuse victims fall into which age range?
A) Over 10 years
B) 8 to 10 years
C) 6 to 8 years
D) Under 6 years
Correct Answer: Under 6 years
Rationale: Children under 6 years of age are the most vulnerable and constitute the majority
of child abuse victims. Their dependency, inability to report abuse, and developmental
vulnerability make them at highest risk.
6. Which is the most common type of mistreatment of children reported to Child Protective
Services?
A) Physical abuse
B) Neglect
C) Sexual abuse
D) Emotional maltreatment
Correct Answer: Neglect
Rationale: Neglect is the most common form of child maltreatment. It involves the failure of
a caregiver to provide for a child's basic needs, including food, shelter, clothing, medical
care, education, and supervision.
7. In the sociological model of family violence, family violence is viewed as:
A) A pattern of behavior that is passed from generation to generation
B) A pattern of harm within the nuclear family with no outside persons involved
