KINE 4020 FINAL UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
Vitamin
Answer:
Compounds that regulate physiological processes
Question:
Water soluble vitamins
Answer:
BC
Question:
Fat soluble vitamins
Answer:
A, D, E, K
Question:
How long are water solvable vitamins kept for
Answer:
Not long as they can become toxic but they need to be constantly consumed
Question:
Vitamin A
Answer:
Question:
What is the key compound in the vitamin A reaction
Answer:
Retinol
Question:
What can retinol become
Answer:
Retinol can become retinal, this is a reversible reaction
Question:
What can retinal become
Answer:
Retinoic acid cannot become retinal, one way reaction
Question:
Where does it go once it cross-es the membrane (WHICH MEMBRANE)
Answer:
Binds to retinoic acid receptor which will than go the cell nucleus to change
gene expression
Question:
What does vitamin A play a large role in
,Answer:
Vision
Question:
Why does vitamin A play a role in vision
Answer:
Rod cells have rhodopsin which is opsin and cis-retinal
Question:
What does light to do rhodopsin
Answer:
turns it from cis-retinal to trans-retinal allowing the optic nerve to gather
information
Question:
Where is vitamin A mainly stored
Answer:
Mainly liver and a little adipose tissue
Question:
Dietary sources of vitamin A
Answer:
Animal products (liver, dairy, chicken, egg), spinach, carrots, mango, apricot,
pumpkin (Anything with beta carotene)
Question:
What type of vitamin A is usually found in animal products? Plant products?
Answer:
Retinoids are in animals, carotenoids is found in plant
Question:
Are retinoids or carotenoids more bioavailable
Answer:
Retinoids
Question:
Functions of vitamin A
Answer:
-synthesis of light receptor pigments like rhodopsin -fertility -bone
development -cell differentiation -immune fxn
Question:
Vitamin D
Answer:
Question:
What is vitamin D the generic name for
Answer:
Steroids of cholecaliferol, 4 rings and 1 of them is broken
Question:
What are the two main forms of vitamin D
, Answer:
Ergocalciferol (D2) Cholecalciferol (D3)
Question:
Is d2 plant or animal based
Answer:
Plant
Question:
Does d2 require digestion
Answer:
No, but it is more effectively absorbed with fat
Question:
Is d3 plant or animal based
Answer:
Animal
Question:
How is d3 made
Answer:
One of the 4 steroid rings is broken, when UV light shines on it it will open the
ring, it will then diffuse into the blood and transported via vitamin D binding
proteins
Question:
Where is d2 stored? Where is d3?
Answer:
Adipose and muscle, mainly liver
Question:
Steps to make your own d3
Answer:
-UV B converts 7-dehydrocholesterol into previtamin D (this is when the ring
opens) - pre d3 goes into blood and to the liver where 25-hydroxylase adds a
hydroxyl group to pre d3 forming 25-OHD3 - 25OHD3 goes to kidney where
1-alpha-hydroxylase added a hydroxyl into first position forming 1,25-OHD3
also called calcitriol
Question:
Is calcitriol fully active
Answer:
Yes
Question:
How long does the d3 formation process take
Answer:
1-2 weeks
Question:
Can d3 be reused
Answer:
No
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
Vitamin
Answer:
Compounds that regulate physiological processes
Question:
Water soluble vitamins
Answer:
BC
Question:
Fat soluble vitamins
Answer:
A, D, E, K
Question:
How long are water solvable vitamins kept for
Answer:
Not long as they can become toxic but they need to be constantly consumed
Question:
Vitamin A
Answer:
Question:
What is the key compound in the vitamin A reaction
Answer:
Retinol
Question:
What can retinol become
Answer:
Retinol can become retinal, this is a reversible reaction
Question:
What can retinal become
Answer:
Retinoic acid cannot become retinal, one way reaction
Question:
Where does it go once it cross-es the membrane (WHICH MEMBRANE)
Answer:
Binds to retinoic acid receptor which will than go the cell nucleus to change
gene expression
Question:
What does vitamin A play a large role in
,Answer:
Vision
Question:
Why does vitamin A play a role in vision
Answer:
Rod cells have rhodopsin which is opsin and cis-retinal
Question:
What does light to do rhodopsin
Answer:
turns it from cis-retinal to trans-retinal allowing the optic nerve to gather
information
Question:
Where is vitamin A mainly stored
Answer:
Mainly liver and a little adipose tissue
Question:
Dietary sources of vitamin A
Answer:
Animal products (liver, dairy, chicken, egg), spinach, carrots, mango, apricot,
pumpkin (Anything with beta carotene)
Question:
What type of vitamin A is usually found in animal products? Plant products?
Answer:
Retinoids are in animals, carotenoids is found in plant
Question:
Are retinoids or carotenoids more bioavailable
Answer:
Retinoids
Question:
Functions of vitamin A
Answer:
-synthesis of light receptor pigments like rhodopsin -fertility -bone
development -cell differentiation -immune fxn
Question:
Vitamin D
Answer:
Question:
What is vitamin D the generic name for
Answer:
Steroids of cholecaliferol, 4 rings and 1 of them is broken
Question:
What are the two main forms of vitamin D
, Answer:
Ergocalciferol (D2) Cholecalciferol (D3)
Question:
Is d2 plant or animal based
Answer:
Plant
Question:
Does d2 require digestion
Answer:
No, but it is more effectively absorbed with fat
Question:
Is d3 plant or animal based
Answer:
Animal
Question:
How is d3 made
Answer:
One of the 4 steroid rings is broken, when UV light shines on it it will open the
ring, it will then diffuse into the blood and transported via vitamin D binding
proteins
Question:
Where is d2 stored? Where is d3?
Answer:
Adipose and muscle, mainly liver
Question:
Steps to make your own d3
Answer:
-UV B converts 7-dehydrocholesterol into previtamin D (this is when the ring
opens) - pre d3 goes into blood and to the liver where 25-hydroxylase adds a
hydroxyl group to pre d3 forming 25-OHD3 - 25OHD3 goes to kidney where
1-alpha-hydroxylase added a hydroxyl into first position forming 1,25-OHD3
also called calcitriol
Question:
Is calcitriol fully active
Answer:
Yes
Question:
How long does the d3 formation process take
Answer:
1-2 weeks
Question:
Can d3 be reused
Answer:
No
