lOMoAR cPSD| 67691079
NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam question with
answers
Question 1
What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?
Globulin
Albumin
Clotting factors
Complement proteins
Albumin (approximately 60% of total plasma protein at a concentration of about 4 g/dl) is the
most abundant plasma protein. NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam question with
answers.
Question 2
Carcinoma in situ is characterized by which changes?
Cells have broken through the local basement membrane.
Cells have invaded immediate surrounding tissue.
Cells remain localized in the glandular or squamous cells.
Cellular and tissue alterations indicate dysplasia.
Carcinoma in situ (CIS) refers to preinvasive epithelial malignant tumors of glandular or
squamous cell origin. These early stage cancers are localized to the epithelium and have not
broken through the local basement membrane or invaded the surrounding tissue. Dysplasia
refers to changes in mature cell structure.
Question 3
Which laboratory test is considered adequate for an accurate and reliable diagnosis of
gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man?
Ligase chain reaction (LCR)
, lOMoAR cPSD| 67691079
Gram-stain technique
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
DNA testing
Microscopic evaluation of Gram-stained slides of clinical specimens is deemed positive for
Neisseria gonorrhoeae if gram-negative diplococci with the typical “kidney bean” morphologic
appearance are found inside polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Such a finding is considered
adequate for the diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man. The other options
are not relevant to the diagnosis of this condition.
Question 4
The Papanicolaou (Pap) test is used to screen for which cancer?
Ovarian
Uterine
Cervical
Vaginal
The Pap test, an examination of cervical epithelial scrapings, readily detects early oncogenic
human papillomavirus (HPV)infection. The Pap test is not used for screening the other cancer
sites listed.
Question 5
pts
Causes of hyperkalemia include:
Hyperparathyroidism and malnutrition
Vomiting and diarrhea
, lOMoAR cPSD| 67691079
Renal failure and Addison disease
Hyperaldosteronism and Cushing disease
NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam question with answers
Hyperkalemia should be investigated when a history of renal disease, massive trauma, insulin
deficiency, Addison disease, use of potassium salt substitutes, or metabolic acidosis exists. The
other options are not known to be causes of hyperkalemia.
Question 6 2 /
2 pts
What is the major concern regarding the treatment of gonococci infections?
Development of antibiotic resistance
Changes in virulence
Changes in pathogenicity
Mutations into different strains
Several types of drug-resistant strains have been identified; they are penicillinase-producing
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG), which is resistant to penicillin; tetracycline-resistant N.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 67691079
gonorrhoeae (TRNG), which is resistant to tetracycline; chromosomal control of mechanisms of
resistance of N.
gonorrhoeae (CMRNG), which is resistant to penicillin and tetracycline; and increasingly a
fluoroquinolone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae (QRNG). The other options are not major concerns.
NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam question with answers.
Question 7
pts
Hypersensitivity is best defined as a(an):
Disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self-antigens
Immunologic reaction of one person to the tissue of another person
Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease
Undetectable immune response in the presence of antigens
Hypersensitivity is an altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease or
damage to the host. The other options are not accurate definitions of hypersensitivity.
Question 8
pts
Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is present in childhood asthma?
NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam question with
answers
Question 1
What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?
Globulin
Albumin
Clotting factors
Complement proteins
Albumin (approximately 60% of total plasma protein at a concentration of about 4 g/dl) is the
most abundant plasma protein. NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam question with
answers.
Question 2
Carcinoma in situ is characterized by which changes?
Cells have broken through the local basement membrane.
Cells have invaded immediate surrounding tissue.
Cells remain localized in the glandular or squamous cells.
Cellular and tissue alterations indicate dysplasia.
Carcinoma in situ (CIS) refers to preinvasive epithelial malignant tumors of glandular or
squamous cell origin. These early stage cancers are localized to the epithelium and have not
broken through the local basement membrane or invaded the surrounding tissue. Dysplasia
refers to changes in mature cell structure.
Question 3
Which laboratory test is considered adequate for an accurate and reliable diagnosis of
gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man?
Ligase chain reaction (LCR)
, lOMoAR cPSD| 67691079
Gram-stain technique
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
DNA testing
Microscopic evaluation of Gram-stained slides of clinical specimens is deemed positive for
Neisseria gonorrhoeae if gram-negative diplococci with the typical “kidney bean” morphologic
appearance are found inside polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Such a finding is considered
adequate for the diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man. The other options
are not relevant to the diagnosis of this condition.
Question 4
The Papanicolaou (Pap) test is used to screen for which cancer?
Ovarian
Uterine
Cervical
Vaginal
The Pap test, an examination of cervical epithelial scrapings, readily detects early oncogenic
human papillomavirus (HPV)infection. The Pap test is not used for screening the other cancer
sites listed.
Question 5
pts
Causes of hyperkalemia include:
Hyperparathyroidism and malnutrition
Vomiting and diarrhea
, lOMoAR cPSD| 67691079
Renal failure and Addison disease
Hyperaldosteronism and Cushing disease
NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam question with answers
Hyperkalemia should be investigated when a history of renal disease, massive trauma, insulin
deficiency, Addison disease, use of potassium salt substitutes, or metabolic acidosis exists. The
other options are not known to be causes of hyperkalemia.
Question 6 2 /
2 pts
What is the major concern regarding the treatment of gonococci infections?
Development of antibiotic resistance
Changes in virulence
Changes in pathogenicity
Mutations into different strains
Several types of drug-resistant strains have been identified; they are penicillinase-producing
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG), which is resistant to penicillin; tetracycline-resistant N.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 67691079
gonorrhoeae (TRNG), which is resistant to tetracycline; chromosomal control of mechanisms of
resistance of N.
gonorrhoeae (CMRNG), which is resistant to penicillin and tetracycline; and increasingly a
fluoroquinolone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae (QRNG). The other options are not major concerns.
NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology midterm exam question with answers.
Question 7
pts
Hypersensitivity is best defined as a(an):
Disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self-antigens
Immunologic reaction of one person to the tissue of another person
Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease
Undetectable immune response in the presence of antigens
Hypersensitivity is an altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease or
damage to the host. The other options are not accurate definitions of hypersensitivity.
Question 8
pts
Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is present in childhood asthma?
