lOMoAR cPSD| 67691079
Week 5 Edapt Mood Disorders
Mood disorders are abnormalities in mood occurring across a spectrum from depression to
mania, affecting between 10-20% of the population (Coleman et al., 2020). Mood disorders
include depressive disorders and bipolar disorders and may be comorbid with other physical
and psychological conditions. Without effective treatment, mood disorders may impact day-
today living and the ability to relate to others.
Depressive symptoms in mood disorders may include persistent feelings of hopelessness and
sadness or expressing self-negativity. Individuals with mood disorders often experience
persistent and intense fluctuations in mood, ranging from extreme sadness or despair
alternating with periods of elevated mood or irritability. In bipolar disorder, individuals who
experience episodes of mania or hypomania may be characterized by elevated mood, increased
energy, racing thoughts, impulsivity, inflated self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased need for
sleep, excessive involvement in activities, and risky behaviors such as reckless spending or
substance abuse.
An isolated breach in decision-making (e.g., cooking supper) is not related to a mood disorder.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 67691079
The same symptoms characterize unipolar depression as major depressive disorder (MDD)
which includes low self-esteem.
Bipolar, not unipolar, depression is characterized by extreme agitation and hallucinations.
Bipolar, not unipolar, depression is characterized by inflated self-esteem during a manic episode.
Dopamine is synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine, and its synthesis plays a role in
neurotransmission. Alterations of dopamine on receptors can affect mood, pleasure, and
motivation.
Glutamate, not dopamine, affects sleep cycles.
Pathophysiology of Mood Disorders:
Mood disorders involve disturbances in mood that occur across a spectrum from depression to
mania. Mood disorders cause distressing symptoms for clients, often impacting daily functioning
and disrupting social relationships.
The exact pathophysiology of these disorders remains unclear but likely involves a combination
of genetic, chemical, and environmental factors. Neurotransmitters modulate communication
between neurons in the brain and influence various aspects of mood regulation. Imbalances or
dysregulation in neurotransmitter levels, such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, are
commonly implicated in the development and manifestation of mood disorders. Decreased
levels of serotonin have been associated with symptoms of depression, while abnormalities in
dopamine and norepinephrine transmission are linked to mood disturbances characteristic of
conditions like bipolar disorder. Individuals with family members who have bipolar disorder are
also more likely to develop the condition. The interaction between genetic factors, chemicals,
and the environment may be contributory.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 67691079
Dysregulation of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin are contributors to the clinical
manifestations of mood disorders.
Histamine is not a major contributor to the clinical manifestations of mood disorders.
Pathophysiology of Bipolar Disorders:
Bipolar disorder is a mental illness that causes extreme shifts in emotions, mood, and energy
levels. Shifts in mood usually occur over several days to weeks. Although bipolar disorder can be
diagnosed at any age, it is most frequently diagnosed in late adolescence or early 20s and is
considered a lifelong condition.
The exact cause of bipolar disorder is unknown. Individuals with family members who have
bipolar disorder are more likely to develop the condition. The interaction between genetic
factors and the environment may be contributory. Brain imaging reveals white matter
hyperintensities, reduction in gray matter volume, increased ventricular size, and decreased
frontal cortical area volumes in some clients diagnosed with the disorder.
Types of Bipolar Disorders:
Week 5 Edapt Mood Disorders
Mood disorders are abnormalities in mood occurring across a spectrum from depression to
mania, affecting between 10-20% of the population (Coleman et al., 2020). Mood disorders
include depressive disorders and bipolar disorders and may be comorbid with other physical
and psychological conditions. Without effective treatment, mood disorders may impact day-
today living and the ability to relate to others.
Depressive symptoms in mood disorders may include persistent feelings of hopelessness and
sadness or expressing self-negativity. Individuals with mood disorders often experience
persistent and intense fluctuations in mood, ranging from extreme sadness or despair
alternating with periods of elevated mood or irritability. In bipolar disorder, individuals who
experience episodes of mania or hypomania may be characterized by elevated mood, increased
energy, racing thoughts, impulsivity, inflated self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased need for
sleep, excessive involvement in activities, and risky behaviors such as reckless spending or
substance abuse.
An isolated breach in decision-making (e.g., cooking supper) is not related to a mood disorder.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 67691079
The same symptoms characterize unipolar depression as major depressive disorder (MDD)
which includes low self-esteem.
Bipolar, not unipolar, depression is characterized by extreme agitation and hallucinations.
Bipolar, not unipolar, depression is characterized by inflated self-esteem during a manic episode.
Dopamine is synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine, and its synthesis plays a role in
neurotransmission. Alterations of dopamine on receptors can affect mood, pleasure, and
motivation.
Glutamate, not dopamine, affects sleep cycles.
Pathophysiology of Mood Disorders:
Mood disorders involve disturbances in mood that occur across a spectrum from depression to
mania. Mood disorders cause distressing symptoms for clients, often impacting daily functioning
and disrupting social relationships.
The exact pathophysiology of these disorders remains unclear but likely involves a combination
of genetic, chemical, and environmental factors. Neurotransmitters modulate communication
between neurons in the brain and influence various aspects of mood regulation. Imbalances or
dysregulation in neurotransmitter levels, such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, are
commonly implicated in the development and manifestation of mood disorders. Decreased
levels of serotonin have been associated with symptoms of depression, while abnormalities in
dopamine and norepinephrine transmission are linked to mood disturbances characteristic of
conditions like bipolar disorder. Individuals with family members who have bipolar disorder are
also more likely to develop the condition. The interaction between genetic factors, chemicals,
and the environment may be contributory.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 67691079
Dysregulation of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin are contributors to the clinical
manifestations of mood disorders.
Histamine is not a major contributor to the clinical manifestations of mood disorders.
Pathophysiology of Bipolar Disorders:
Bipolar disorder is a mental illness that causes extreme shifts in emotions, mood, and energy
levels. Shifts in mood usually occur over several days to weeks. Although bipolar disorder can be
diagnosed at any age, it is most frequently diagnosed in late adolescence or early 20s and is
considered a lifelong condition.
The exact cause of bipolar disorder is unknown. Individuals with family members who have
bipolar disorder are more likely to develop the condition. The interaction between genetic
factors and the environment may be contributory. Brain imaging reveals white matter
hyperintensities, reduction in gray matter volume, increased ventricular size, and decreased
frontal cortical area volumes in some clients diagnosed with the disorder.
Types of Bipolar Disorders:
