Expert Verifed Ace the Test
Gordon Allport's definition of personality - ANSWER ✔✔The dynamic
organization of biosocial systems shaping unique adaptation to the
environment.
Four quantitative temperament traits - ANSWER ✔✔Harm Avoidance,
Novelty Seeking, Reward Dependence, and Persistence.
Neurotransmitters involved in Harm Avoidance - ANSWER ✔✔GABA
and Serotonin.
Neurotransmitter involved in Novelty Seeking - ANSWER
✔✔Dopamine.
,Brain structural characteristic of high Novelty Seeking - ANSWER
✔✔Smaller gray matter volume bilaterally on neuroimaging.
Neurotransmitters involved in Reward Dependence - ANSWER
✔✔Norepinephrine and Serotonin.
Brain region that decodes social signals in Reward Dependence -
ANSWER ✔✔The anterior temporal lobe.
Neurotransmitters involved in Persistence - ANSWER ✔✔Glutamate
and Serotonin.
Three dimensions of Character - ANSWER ✔✔Self-Directedness
(executive), Cooperativeness (legislative), and Self-Transcendence
(judicial).
Three levels of psychodynamic defense mechanisms - ANSWER
✔✔Mature, Neurotic, and Immature.
Biopsychosocial equivalent to psychodynamic 'Ego-strength' -
ANSWER ✔✔Self-Directedness, reflecting the virtue of hope.
Freud's prototype cases for personality disorders - ANSWER
✔✔Anna O. (1893) and Little Hans / The Rat Man (1909).
, Physiological seat for self-awareness - ANSWER ✔✔Sites in the right
prefrontal cortex during episodic retrieval.
Brain region processing all internal and external sensory milieu -
ANSWER ✔✔The hippocampus.
Strongest predictor of personality growth rate - ANSWER ✔✔Self-
Transcendence.
Brain regions responsible for emotional significance - ANSWER
✔✔The insula and the amygdala.
Brain regions involved in effortful emotional regulation (Dorsal System) -
ANSWER ✔✔The anterior cingulate gyrus and the prefrontal cortex.
Etiology of personality disorders in Attachment Theory - ANSWER
✔✔Failures in early childhood attachment.
Attributional errors in Cognitive Theory - ANSWER ✔✔Biased
judgments and irrational thoughts formed in childhood.
Four areas of disturbance in personality disorders - ANSWER
✔✔Cognition, Affect, Interpersonal functioning, and Impulse control.
State-Trait Effect: Cyclothymia shared symptoms - ANSWER
✔✔Shares mood swings and impulsivity with Narcissistic PD.
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