FLETC Written Exam #1 QUESTIONS
AND ALL CORRECT ANSWERS 100%
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1. Graham v. Connor (1989)
CORRECT ANSWER:
Recognized that the right to make an arrest or investigatory stop necessarily carries with it the
right to use some degree of physical coercion/threat to affect it.
The use of force during an arrest or stop is properly analyzed by the Fourth Amendment's
"objective reasonableness" standard.
RATIONALE:
The Supreme Court established that officers are judged based on what a reasonable officer
would do under the same circumstances, not based on hindsight. The officer's intent is not the
deciding factor; the circumstances at the moment force was used are evaluated.
2. Graham Factors
CORRECT ANSWERS:
Severity of crime
Whether suspect poses an immediate threat
Whether suspect is actively resisting arrest
Attempting to evade arrest by flight
RATIONALE:
These factors help determine whether an officer's use of force was objectively reasonable under
the Fourth Amendment.
,3. Additional factors considered when applying standard of Graham v. Connor that may
govern the reasonableness of using force
CORRECT ANSWERS:
Number of suspects / number of officers
Size, age, condition of officer/suspect
Duration of action
Whether force applied resulted in injury
Previous violent history known to officer at time
Use of alcohol/drugs
Suspect's mental history known to officer at time
Presence of innocent bystanders
Availability of officer weapons
RATIONALE:
The totality of circumstances must be considered. No single factor determines whether force is
reasonable.
4. Range of Reasonableness
CORRECT ANSWER:
Officer responses range from:
Hesitation --------------- Aggressive
RATIONALE:
Officers must select a reasonable response based on the threat level. Responses should match
the circumstances and not exceed what is necessary.
5. Tennessee v. Garner (1985)
CORRECT ANSWER:
The Supreme Court stated it is not reasonable to shoot an unarmed non-dangerous fleeing
suspect.
RATIONALE:
, Deadly force against a fleeing suspect is only justified when the suspect poses a significant
threat of death or serious physical injury to the officer or others.
6. Key Elements of Tennessee v. Garner
CORRECT ANSWERS:
Probable cause
Threat
Officer not obligated to wait until death or serious bodily harm is occurring
If based on totality of circumstances and the officer perceives a threat of such action, a
reasonable force option may be used
RATIONALE:
An officer does not need to wait until the threat actually causes harm. The perceived threat
must be objectively reasonable.
7. Pre-Assault Indicators
CORRECT ANSWERS:
Verbal aggression
Change in posture
Face becomes red, showing teeth, breathing faster
Individual ignores you or stares through you
Aggression
Hands tighten
Individual becomes rigid
Chin tucked
RATIONALE:
These behaviors may indicate a person is preparing for an assault. Recognizing warning signs
helps officers respond early.
8. Common Restrictions in Agency Use of Force Policy
CORRECT ANSWERS:
AND ALL CORRECT ANSWERS 100%
SOLVED AND GUARANTEED
SUCCESS!!
1. Graham v. Connor (1989)
CORRECT ANSWER:
Recognized that the right to make an arrest or investigatory stop necessarily carries with it the
right to use some degree of physical coercion/threat to affect it.
The use of force during an arrest or stop is properly analyzed by the Fourth Amendment's
"objective reasonableness" standard.
RATIONALE:
The Supreme Court established that officers are judged based on what a reasonable officer
would do under the same circumstances, not based on hindsight. The officer's intent is not the
deciding factor; the circumstances at the moment force was used are evaluated.
2. Graham Factors
CORRECT ANSWERS:
Severity of crime
Whether suspect poses an immediate threat
Whether suspect is actively resisting arrest
Attempting to evade arrest by flight
RATIONALE:
These factors help determine whether an officer's use of force was objectively reasonable under
the Fourth Amendment.
,3. Additional factors considered when applying standard of Graham v. Connor that may
govern the reasonableness of using force
CORRECT ANSWERS:
Number of suspects / number of officers
Size, age, condition of officer/suspect
Duration of action
Whether force applied resulted in injury
Previous violent history known to officer at time
Use of alcohol/drugs
Suspect's mental history known to officer at time
Presence of innocent bystanders
Availability of officer weapons
RATIONALE:
The totality of circumstances must be considered. No single factor determines whether force is
reasonable.
4. Range of Reasonableness
CORRECT ANSWER:
Officer responses range from:
Hesitation --------------- Aggressive
RATIONALE:
Officers must select a reasonable response based on the threat level. Responses should match
the circumstances and not exceed what is necessary.
5. Tennessee v. Garner (1985)
CORRECT ANSWER:
The Supreme Court stated it is not reasonable to shoot an unarmed non-dangerous fleeing
suspect.
RATIONALE:
, Deadly force against a fleeing suspect is only justified when the suspect poses a significant
threat of death or serious physical injury to the officer or others.
6. Key Elements of Tennessee v. Garner
CORRECT ANSWERS:
Probable cause
Threat
Officer not obligated to wait until death or serious bodily harm is occurring
If based on totality of circumstances and the officer perceives a threat of such action, a
reasonable force option may be used
RATIONALE:
An officer does not need to wait until the threat actually causes harm. The perceived threat
must be objectively reasonable.
7. Pre-Assault Indicators
CORRECT ANSWERS:
Verbal aggression
Change in posture
Face becomes red, showing teeth, breathing faster
Individual ignores you or stares through you
Aggression
Hands tighten
Individual becomes rigid
Chin tucked
RATIONALE:
These behaviors may indicate a person is preparing for an assault. Recognizing warning signs
helps officers respond early.
8. Common Restrictions in Agency Use of Force Policy
CORRECT ANSWERS:
