NURSING PHARMACOLOGY EXAMS WITH
CORRECT -ANSWER-S
acetaminophen - -ANSWER-centrally acting cox inhibitor; analgesic and antipyretic properties;
no antiinflammatory,antirheumatic properties-ANSWER-acyclovir - -ANSWER-Antimetabolite for
Treating Herpes Simplex Virus & Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections;
MOAs: Purine necleoside analog: DNA polymerase inhibitor, suppresses synthesis of viral DNA,
resistance.-ANSWER-albuterol - -ANSWER-(SABA) short acting beta 2 receptor agonist, used for
bronchospasm, acute symptoms of asthma-ANSWER-alosetron - -ANSWER-IBS-D, women only-
ANSWER-Aluminum hydroxide - -ANSWER-antacid; constipation-ANSWER-Amantadine - -
ANSWER-antiparkinson's drug; dopamine agonist-ANSWER-amiodarone - -ANSWER-Class 3
Potassium channel blocker
Only approved for life-threatening dysrhythmias.
Delays repolarization and extends action potential of heart muscle cells.
SE: Profound hypotension."-ANSWER-amoxicillin - -ANSWER-Broad-spectrum penicillin active
against H. influenzae, E. coli, and N. Gonorrhoeae. It is inactivated by beta-lactamases, so not
helpful for Staphylococcus.-ANSWER-amphotericin B - -ANSWER-broad spectrum antifungal,
which is the agent of choice for systemic mycoses, despite being highly toxic. Its uses are limited
to treating progressive and potentially fatal infections. Adverse effects include infusion
reactions, nephrotoxicity, and hypokalemia.-ANSWER-aprepitant - -ANSWER-antiemetic,
Substance P/neurokinin antagonists-ANSWER-aPTT; INR - -ANSWER-__ is for monitoring heparin
and __ is for monitoring warfarin-ANSWER-aspirin - -ANSWER-A drug that decrease platelet
aggregation and is used to prevent arterial thrombosis, stroke, or MI. Major SEs include risk of
major GI bleeding. This drug is an NSAID that works by inhibiting platelet COX, COX-1, and COX-
2.-ANSWER-aspirin; warfarin - -ANSWER-arterial thrombi best prevented with ___. venous
thrombi prevented with ___.-ANSWER-atropine - -ANSWER-muscinarinic receptor
antagonist/anticholinergic drug; used for mydriases (eye exams), to raise HR, lower GI motility,
and as antidote to muscarinic poisoning (rx, shrooms)-ANSWER-beclomethasone - -ANSWER-
inhaled corticosteroid used to treat airway inflammation in asthma-ANSWER-benzodiazapine - -
ANSWER-Potentiate GABA (inhibitory enzyme) activity. Pros: faster onset, target CNS and
Physical Symptoms. Cons: higher abuse potential.-ANSWER-Benztropine - -ANSWER-
antiparkinson's anticholinergic-ANSWER-beta blocker or CCB and warfarin - -ANSWER-drugs for
initial management of atrial fibrillation-ANSWER-bethanechol - -ANSWER-muscarinic agnonist,
used primarily for urinary retention-ANSWER-bisacodyl - -ANSWER-abx for PUD, cell wall
, disruptor-ANSWER-Bismuth - -ANSWER-Antibiotics for H.pylori ulcers-ANSWER-buproprion - -
ANSWER-(DA and NE). Weight loss, seizure, insomnia, headache, serotonin syndrome (see
laundry list above), withdrawal, Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome-ANSWER-Calcium carbonate - -
ANSWER-antacid; constipation-ANSWER-captopril - -ANSWER-ACE inhibitor - shown to have
efficacious effects in treating a patient with heart failure. Blocks production of angiotensin II,
dilates arterioles and veins, and decreases release of aldosterone. It may show the adverse
effects of hypotension, hyperkalemia, or persistant cough, CARDIAC REMODELING-ANSWER-
carbenicillin - -ANSWER-"Extended spectrum (antipseudomonal penicillins), which has the same
spectrum of activity as broad-spectrum penicillins, plus treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-
ANSWER-Carbidopa - -ANSWER-antiparkinson's drug; dopamine agonist-ANSWER-cefotaxime - -
ANSWER-"Third generation cephalosporin with activity against meningitis and nosocomial
infections resistant to others (restricted use). It has greater activity against Gram negative
bacteria, increased resistance to beta-lactamases, and better ability to reach CSF.-ANSWER-
celecoxib - -ANSWER-2nd Generation Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drug (COX-2 Selective
NSAID); AE: risk of CV events, warfarin may be more effective with celecoxib-ANSWER-
cephalexin - -ANSWER-"First generation cephalosporin poor activity against Gram negative
bacteria, sensitive to to most beta-lactamases, unable to reach CSF. Used for Staphylococcus if
mild penicillin allergy.-ANSWER-chlorpromazine - -ANSWER-FGA, low potency, treats positive
symptoms. SE: Sedation, orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects. NOTE: it may take up
to 6 weeks to see effects-ANSWER-cholestyramine - -ANSWER-Inhibits bile reabsorption in
intenstine, increases LDL receptors in liver, accelerates bile excretion. Many of the adverse
effects result from the drug not being absorbed from GI, including constipation and a decreased
absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, & K).-ANSWER-cimetidine - -ANSWER-histamine 2
receptor antagonist; peptic ulcer disease-ANSWER-ciprofloxacin - -ANSWER-fluoroquinolone
broad -cidal. PO tetracycline and cipro should NOT BE GIVEN WITH ANTACIDS.
ALSO KNOW IT CAN RUPTURE TENDONS AND CAUSE CANDIDA. "-ANSWER-ciprofloxacin;
tetracycline - -ANSWER-these antibiotics should not be taken with dairy, antacids, or minerals-
ANSWER-clarithromycin - -ANSWER-Antibiotics for H.pylori ulcers-ANSWER-clavulanic acid - -
ANSWER-A penicillinase inhibitor that is combined with a broad spectrum penicillin to increase
is bactericidal activity.-ANSWER-clonidine - -ANSWER-alpha 2 agonist, HTN drug -> vasodilation-
ANSWER-clopidogrel - -ANSWER-decreases platelet aggregation and is used to prevent arterial
thrombosis or stroke. Major SEs include risk of major GI bleeding. This drug is not an NSAID and
does not inhibit COX-ANSWER-clozapine - -ANSWER-atypical antipsychotic; 2nd Gen. Treats
negative symptoms. Greater efficacy than 1st gen. Fewer EPS/tardive dyskinesia side effects. SE:
Agranulocytosis and Metabolic effects (Weight gain, diabetes, hyperlipidemia)-ANSWER-codeine
- -ANSWER-antitussive, AE: respiratory depression
CORRECT -ANSWER-S
acetaminophen - -ANSWER-centrally acting cox inhibitor; analgesic and antipyretic properties;
no antiinflammatory,antirheumatic properties-ANSWER-acyclovir - -ANSWER-Antimetabolite for
Treating Herpes Simplex Virus & Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections;
MOAs: Purine necleoside analog: DNA polymerase inhibitor, suppresses synthesis of viral DNA,
resistance.-ANSWER-albuterol - -ANSWER-(SABA) short acting beta 2 receptor agonist, used for
bronchospasm, acute symptoms of asthma-ANSWER-alosetron - -ANSWER-IBS-D, women only-
ANSWER-Aluminum hydroxide - -ANSWER-antacid; constipation-ANSWER-Amantadine - -
ANSWER-antiparkinson's drug; dopamine agonist-ANSWER-amiodarone - -ANSWER-Class 3
Potassium channel blocker
Only approved for life-threatening dysrhythmias.
Delays repolarization and extends action potential of heart muscle cells.
SE: Profound hypotension."-ANSWER-amoxicillin - -ANSWER-Broad-spectrum penicillin active
against H. influenzae, E. coli, and N. Gonorrhoeae. It is inactivated by beta-lactamases, so not
helpful for Staphylococcus.-ANSWER-amphotericin B - -ANSWER-broad spectrum antifungal,
which is the agent of choice for systemic mycoses, despite being highly toxic. Its uses are limited
to treating progressive and potentially fatal infections. Adverse effects include infusion
reactions, nephrotoxicity, and hypokalemia.-ANSWER-aprepitant - -ANSWER-antiemetic,
Substance P/neurokinin antagonists-ANSWER-aPTT; INR - -ANSWER-__ is for monitoring heparin
and __ is for monitoring warfarin-ANSWER-aspirin - -ANSWER-A drug that decrease platelet
aggregation and is used to prevent arterial thrombosis, stroke, or MI. Major SEs include risk of
major GI bleeding. This drug is an NSAID that works by inhibiting platelet COX, COX-1, and COX-
2.-ANSWER-aspirin; warfarin - -ANSWER-arterial thrombi best prevented with ___. venous
thrombi prevented with ___.-ANSWER-atropine - -ANSWER-muscinarinic receptor
antagonist/anticholinergic drug; used for mydriases (eye exams), to raise HR, lower GI motility,
and as antidote to muscarinic poisoning (rx, shrooms)-ANSWER-beclomethasone - -ANSWER-
inhaled corticosteroid used to treat airway inflammation in asthma-ANSWER-benzodiazapine - -
ANSWER-Potentiate GABA (inhibitory enzyme) activity. Pros: faster onset, target CNS and
Physical Symptoms. Cons: higher abuse potential.-ANSWER-Benztropine - -ANSWER-
antiparkinson's anticholinergic-ANSWER-beta blocker or CCB and warfarin - -ANSWER-drugs for
initial management of atrial fibrillation-ANSWER-bethanechol - -ANSWER-muscarinic agnonist,
used primarily for urinary retention-ANSWER-bisacodyl - -ANSWER-abx for PUD, cell wall
, disruptor-ANSWER-Bismuth - -ANSWER-Antibiotics for H.pylori ulcers-ANSWER-buproprion - -
ANSWER-(DA and NE). Weight loss, seizure, insomnia, headache, serotonin syndrome (see
laundry list above), withdrawal, Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome-ANSWER-Calcium carbonate - -
ANSWER-antacid; constipation-ANSWER-captopril - -ANSWER-ACE inhibitor - shown to have
efficacious effects in treating a patient with heart failure. Blocks production of angiotensin II,
dilates arterioles and veins, and decreases release of aldosterone. It may show the adverse
effects of hypotension, hyperkalemia, or persistant cough, CARDIAC REMODELING-ANSWER-
carbenicillin - -ANSWER-"Extended spectrum (antipseudomonal penicillins), which has the same
spectrum of activity as broad-spectrum penicillins, plus treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-
ANSWER-Carbidopa - -ANSWER-antiparkinson's drug; dopamine agonist-ANSWER-cefotaxime - -
ANSWER-"Third generation cephalosporin with activity against meningitis and nosocomial
infections resistant to others (restricted use). It has greater activity against Gram negative
bacteria, increased resistance to beta-lactamases, and better ability to reach CSF.-ANSWER-
celecoxib - -ANSWER-2nd Generation Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drug (COX-2 Selective
NSAID); AE: risk of CV events, warfarin may be more effective with celecoxib-ANSWER-
cephalexin - -ANSWER-"First generation cephalosporin poor activity against Gram negative
bacteria, sensitive to to most beta-lactamases, unable to reach CSF. Used for Staphylococcus if
mild penicillin allergy.-ANSWER-chlorpromazine - -ANSWER-FGA, low potency, treats positive
symptoms. SE: Sedation, orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects. NOTE: it may take up
to 6 weeks to see effects-ANSWER-cholestyramine - -ANSWER-Inhibits bile reabsorption in
intenstine, increases LDL receptors in liver, accelerates bile excretion. Many of the adverse
effects result from the drug not being absorbed from GI, including constipation and a decreased
absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, & K).-ANSWER-cimetidine - -ANSWER-histamine 2
receptor antagonist; peptic ulcer disease-ANSWER-ciprofloxacin - -ANSWER-fluoroquinolone
broad -cidal. PO tetracycline and cipro should NOT BE GIVEN WITH ANTACIDS.
ALSO KNOW IT CAN RUPTURE TENDONS AND CAUSE CANDIDA. "-ANSWER-ciprofloxacin;
tetracycline - -ANSWER-these antibiotics should not be taken with dairy, antacids, or minerals-
ANSWER-clarithromycin - -ANSWER-Antibiotics for H.pylori ulcers-ANSWER-clavulanic acid - -
ANSWER-A penicillinase inhibitor that is combined with a broad spectrum penicillin to increase
is bactericidal activity.-ANSWER-clonidine - -ANSWER-alpha 2 agonist, HTN drug -> vasodilation-
ANSWER-clopidogrel - -ANSWER-decreases platelet aggregation and is used to prevent arterial
thrombosis or stroke. Major SEs include risk of major GI bleeding. This drug is not an NSAID and
does not inhibit COX-ANSWER-clozapine - -ANSWER-atypical antipsychotic; 2nd Gen. Treats
negative symptoms. Greater efficacy than 1st gen. Fewer EPS/tardive dyskinesia side effects. SE:
Agranulocytosis and Metabolic effects (Weight gain, diabetes, hyperlipidemia)-ANSWER-codeine
- -ANSWER-antitussive, AE: respiratory depression
