Pathophysiology Exam 8 EXAMS
QUESTIONS AND ALL CORRECT
ANSWERS 100% SOLVED AND
GUARANTEED SUCCESS!!
1. Each of the following statements are true regarding control over the GFR except:
A. The kidney can maintain a constant GFR despite variations in the arterial blood pressure of
the rest of the body.
B. The sympathetic nervous system can supersede the renal autoregulatory system.
C. The RAA responds when blood pressure rises above normal limits.
CORRECT ANSWER: C — The RAA responds when blood pressure rises above normal
limits.
Rationale:
The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone (RAA) system is activated when blood pressure drops below
normal limits, not when it rises. It increases blood pressure by promoting vasoconstriction and
sodium/water retention.
2. Which of the following statements is false regarding ADH?
A. Elevated levels of ADH will lead to a small volume of concentrated urine.
B. Decreased levels of ADH will lead to dilute urine.
C. Alcohol increases ADH levels.
CORRECT ANSWER: C — Alcohol increases ADH levels.
Rationale:
Alcohol is a diuretic because it inhibits the release of ADH. Reduced ADH causes decreased
water reabsorption and increased urine production.
3. Which of the following statements is true regarding nephrons?
, A. It is divided into an outer medulla and an inner cortex.
B. It has 1 source of blood supply.
C. The glomerulus filters the blood while the tubule reabsorbs needed nutrients.
CORRECT ANSWER: C — The glomerulus filters the blood while the tubule reabsorbs
needed nutrients.
Rationale:
The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. The glomerulus performs filtration, while renal
tubules reabsorb useful substances.
4. Excess accumulation of fluid within the interstitial compartment is characteristic of which
fluid imbalance?
A. Dehydration
B. Water intoxication
C. Edema
CORRECT ANSWER: C — Edema
Rationale:
Edema occurs when excess fluid accumulates in the interstitial spaces between cells.
5. Tubular reabsorption is characterized by which of the following?
A. The reabsorption of water and ions via passive means only.
B. Necessary solutes and fluids are reabsorbed into the tubular fluid.
C. Necessary solutes and fluids are reabsorbed into the peritubular capillaries.
CORRECT ANSWER: C — Necessary solutes and fluids are reabsorbed into the peritubular
capillaries.
Rationale:
Tubular reabsorption returns needed substances such as glucose, amino acids, ions, and water
from the filtrate back into the bloodstream.
6. Which of the following are true regarding acid-base disorders?
(Select all that apply)
QUESTIONS AND ALL CORRECT
ANSWERS 100% SOLVED AND
GUARANTEED SUCCESS!!
1. Each of the following statements are true regarding control over the GFR except:
A. The kidney can maintain a constant GFR despite variations in the arterial blood pressure of
the rest of the body.
B. The sympathetic nervous system can supersede the renal autoregulatory system.
C. The RAA responds when blood pressure rises above normal limits.
CORRECT ANSWER: C — The RAA responds when blood pressure rises above normal
limits.
Rationale:
The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone (RAA) system is activated when blood pressure drops below
normal limits, not when it rises. It increases blood pressure by promoting vasoconstriction and
sodium/water retention.
2. Which of the following statements is false regarding ADH?
A. Elevated levels of ADH will lead to a small volume of concentrated urine.
B. Decreased levels of ADH will lead to dilute urine.
C. Alcohol increases ADH levels.
CORRECT ANSWER: C — Alcohol increases ADH levels.
Rationale:
Alcohol is a diuretic because it inhibits the release of ADH. Reduced ADH causes decreased
water reabsorption and increased urine production.
3. Which of the following statements is true regarding nephrons?
, A. It is divided into an outer medulla and an inner cortex.
B. It has 1 source of blood supply.
C. The glomerulus filters the blood while the tubule reabsorbs needed nutrients.
CORRECT ANSWER: C — The glomerulus filters the blood while the tubule reabsorbs
needed nutrients.
Rationale:
The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. The glomerulus performs filtration, while renal
tubules reabsorb useful substances.
4. Excess accumulation of fluid within the interstitial compartment is characteristic of which
fluid imbalance?
A. Dehydration
B. Water intoxication
C. Edema
CORRECT ANSWER: C — Edema
Rationale:
Edema occurs when excess fluid accumulates in the interstitial spaces between cells.
5. Tubular reabsorption is characterized by which of the following?
A. The reabsorption of water and ions via passive means only.
B. Necessary solutes and fluids are reabsorbed into the tubular fluid.
C. Necessary solutes and fluids are reabsorbed into the peritubular capillaries.
CORRECT ANSWER: C — Necessary solutes and fluids are reabsorbed into the peritubular
capillaries.
Rationale:
Tubular reabsorption returns needed substances such as glucose, amino acids, ions, and water
from the filtrate back into the bloodstream.
6. Which of the following are true regarding acid-base disorders?
(Select all that apply)
