BSN 246
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Answers | Complete Study Guide
, BSN 246
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1. For which clinical indicator as- Ans- d. The increased pressure within the portal circulatory
sociated with a complication of system causes increased pressure in areas of portal sys-
portal hypertension would the temic collateral circulation (most importantly, in the distal
nurse assess the client? esophagus and proximal stomach). Hemorrhage is a pos-
A. liver abscess sible complication. Liver abscesses may occur as a compli-
B. intestinal obstruction cation of intestinal infections, not portal hypertension. In-
C. perforation of the duode- testinal obstruction may be caused by manipulation of the
num bowel during surgery, peritonitis, neurological disorders, or
D. hemorrhage from organic obstruction, not portal hypertension. Perforation of
esophageal varices the duodenum usually is caused by peptic ulcers; it is not a
direct result of portal hypertension or cirrhosis.
2. A client with schizophrenia Ans- a, c, e
takes ziprasidone. Which con- Ziprasidone is a second-generation antipsychotic medica-
ditions in the client may indi- tion indicated for schizophrenia. The medication may cause
cate a need to discontinue the leukopenia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia. This med-
medication? Select all that ap- ication may cause a prolonged QT interval, which indicates
ply. torsades de pointes. Bradycardia may occur in torsades de
pointes but not tachycardia.
A. leukopenia
B. tachycardia
C. hypokalemia
D. hypomagnesemia
E. prolonged QT interval
3. A client is prone to hypona- Ans- a, b, c, e
tremia. Which factors would Wound drainage can result in hyponatremia from loss of
the nurse identifythat can pre- sodium ions. Most diuretics interfere with sodium reabsorp-
cipitate hyponatremia? Select tion in the nephrons and have the side effect of hypona-
all that apply. tremia. Gastrointestinal fluids are rich in sodium ions, which
A. wound drainage are lost by GI suction. With the syndrome of inappropriate
B. diuretic therapy antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), high levels of the antidiuretic
, BSN 246
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C. GI suction hormone (ADH) are produced, causing the body to retain
D. parenteral infusion of 0.9% water instead of excreting it normally in the urine. Parenter-
sodium chloride al infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride, an isotonic solution,
E. inappropriate anti-diuretic should be compatible with body fluids; if given in excess, it
hormone (ADH) secretions may lead to hypernatremia.
4. Which statements made by the Ans- a, b, c, d, e
client identify regulatory func- Maintaining the acid-base balance of the body by selective-
tions of the kidney? Select all ly reabsorbing and secreting certain substances from the
that apply. One, some, or all re-blood is a regulatory function of the kidneys. The kidneys
sponses may be correct. also perform the regulatory function of electrolyte balance
by regulating the reabsorption of certain electrolytes while
A. erythropoiesis eliminating others depending on their levels in the serum.
B. acid base balance The kidneys perform hormonal function by secreting a hor-
C. vitamin D activation mone called erythropoietin that aids in synthesis of red blood
D. blood pressure control cells (erythropoiesis). Activation of vitamin D is a hormon-
E. fluid and electrolyte balance al function of the kidneys. The kidneys perform hormonal
function by secreting the hormone renin that assists in blood
pressure control.
5. Which signs would the nurse Ans- 1, 2, 3
expect to observe in a client Cancerous cells of small cell lung cancer can produce an-
with small cell carcinoma of tidiuretic hormone, which causes fluid retention, resulting in
the lung who develops syn- increased blood volume and decreased urine volume. Fluid
drome of inappropriate antidi- retention associated with SIADH can cause cerebral edema,
uretic hormone (SIADH)? Select resulting in confusion and seizures. Fluid retention resulting
all that apply. in hyponatremia causes nausea and vomiting. The client will
1 Oliguria have nausea and vomiting, resulting in a decreased oral fluid
2 Seizures and food intake.
3 Vomiting
4 Polydipsia
5 Polyphagia
, BSN 246
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6. Which urinary diagnostic test Ans- 1
does not require any dietary A renal scan does not require any dietary or activity restric-
or activity restrictions for the tions. A renal biopsy requires bed rest for 24 hours after the
client before or after the test? procedure. A renal arteriogram requires the client to main-
1 Renal scan tain bed rest with affected leg straight. A concentration test
2 Renal biopsy 3 Renal arteri- requires the client to fast after a given time in the evening.
ogram
4 Concentration test
7. The nurse identifies that a Ans- 1
client's urinary output is less The imbalance in intake and output, with a decreasing uri-
than 40 mL/h over the past 3 nary output, may indicate kidney failure. The retention of
hours. Which action would the excess body fluid can precipitate the development of heart
nurse take? failure. Assessing breath sounds and obtaining the vital signs
1 Assess breath sounds and ob- are necessary when monitoring for these complications. In
tain vital signs. the presence of hypervolemia, oral and
2 Decrease the intravenous intravenous fluid intake should be decreased. There are no
flow rate and increase oral flu- data to support a problem with the excretion of urine; the
ids. problem is with insufficient production. The insertion of a
3 Insert an indwelling catheter urinary retention catheter requires a health care provider's
to facilitate emptying of the prescription. Checking for dependent edema by assessing
bladder. the lower extremities is an appropriate assessment after
4 Check for dependent edema respirations and vital signs are assessed.
by assessing the lower extrem-
ities
8. A client had a laparoscop- Ans- 2, 4
ic cholecystectomy. Postoper-
atively, the client experiences
nausea and vomiting and is ad-
mitted overnight for observa-
tion and hydration. What would
| 2025/2026 | Verified Questions &
Answers | Complete Study Guide
, BSN 246
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_cwz2hc
1. For which clinical indicator as- Ans- d. The increased pressure within the portal circulatory
sociated with a complication of system causes increased pressure in areas of portal sys-
portal hypertension would the temic collateral circulation (most importantly, in the distal
nurse assess the client? esophagus and proximal stomach). Hemorrhage is a pos-
A. liver abscess sible complication. Liver abscesses may occur as a compli-
B. intestinal obstruction cation of intestinal infections, not portal hypertension. In-
C. perforation of the duode- testinal obstruction may be caused by manipulation of the
num bowel during surgery, peritonitis, neurological disorders, or
D. hemorrhage from organic obstruction, not portal hypertension. Perforation of
esophageal varices the duodenum usually is caused by peptic ulcers; it is not a
direct result of portal hypertension or cirrhosis.
2. A client with schizophrenia Ans- a, c, e
takes ziprasidone. Which con- Ziprasidone is a second-generation antipsychotic medica-
ditions in the client may indi- tion indicated for schizophrenia. The medication may cause
cate a need to discontinue the leukopenia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia. This med-
medication? Select all that ap- ication may cause a prolonged QT interval, which indicates
ply. torsades de pointes. Bradycardia may occur in torsades de
pointes but not tachycardia.
A. leukopenia
B. tachycardia
C. hypokalemia
D. hypomagnesemia
E. prolonged QT interval
3. A client is prone to hypona- Ans- a, b, c, e
tremia. Which factors would Wound drainage can result in hyponatremia from loss of
the nurse identifythat can pre- sodium ions. Most diuretics interfere with sodium reabsorp-
cipitate hyponatremia? Select tion in the nephrons and have the side effect of hypona-
all that apply. tremia. Gastrointestinal fluids are rich in sodium ions, which
A. wound drainage are lost by GI suction. With the syndrome of inappropriate
B. diuretic therapy antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), high levels of the antidiuretic
, BSN 246
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_cwz2hc
C. GI suction hormone (ADH) are produced, causing the body to retain
D. parenteral infusion of 0.9% water instead of excreting it normally in the urine. Parenter-
sodium chloride al infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride, an isotonic solution,
E. inappropriate anti-diuretic should be compatible with body fluids; if given in excess, it
hormone (ADH) secretions may lead to hypernatremia.
4. Which statements made by the Ans- a, b, c, d, e
client identify regulatory func- Maintaining the acid-base balance of the body by selective-
tions of the kidney? Select all ly reabsorbing and secreting certain substances from the
that apply. One, some, or all re-blood is a regulatory function of the kidneys. The kidneys
sponses may be correct. also perform the regulatory function of electrolyte balance
by regulating the reabsorption of certain electrolytes while
A. erythropoiesis eliminating others depending on their levels in the serum.
B. acid base balance The kidneys perform hormonal function by secreting a hor-
C. vitamin D activation mone called erythropoietin that aids in synthesis of red blood
D. blood pressure control cells (erythropoiesis). Activation of vitamin D is a hormon-
E. fluid and electrolyte balance al function of the kidneys. The kidneys perform hormonal
function by secreting the hormone renin that assists in blood
pressure control.
5. Which signs would the nurse Ans- 1, 2, 3
expect to observe in a client Cancerous cells of small cell lung cancer can produce an-
with small cell carcinoma of tidiuretic hormone, which causes fluid retention, resulting in
the lung who develops syn- increased blood volume and decreased urine volume. Fluid
drome of inappropriate antidi- retention associated with SIADH can cause cerebral edema,
uretic hormone (SIADH)? Select resulting in confusion and seizures. Fluid retention resulting
all that apply. in hyponatremia causes nausea and vomiting. The client will
1 Oliguria have nausea and vomiting, resulting in a decreased oral fluid
2 Seizures and food intake.
3 Vomiting
4 Polydipsia
5 Polyphagia
, BSN 246
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_cwz2hc
6. Which urinary diagnostic test Ans- 1
does not require any dietary A renal scan does not require any dietary or activity restric-
or activity restrictions for the tions. A renal biopsy requires bed rest for 24 hours after the
client before or after the test? procedure. A renal arteriogram requires the client to main-
1 Renal scan tain bed rest with affected leg straight. A concentration test
2 Renal biopsy 3 Renal arteri- requires the client to fast after a given time in the evening.
ogram
4 Concentration test
7. The nurse identifies that a Ans- 1
client's urinary output is less The imbalance in intake and output, with a decreasing uri-
than 40 mL/h over the past 3 nary output, may indicate kidney failure. The retention of
hours. Which action would the excess body fluid can precipitate the development of heart
nurse take? failure. Assessing breath sounds and obtaining the vital signs
1 Assess breath sounds and ob- are necessary when monitoring for these complications. In
tain vital signs. the presence of hypervolemia, oral and
2 Decrease the intravenous intravenous fluid intake should be decreased. There are no
flow rate and increase oral flu- data to support a problem with the excretion of urine; the
ids. problem is with insufficient production. The insertion of a
3 Insert an indwelling catheter urinary retention catheter requires a health care provider's
to facilitate emptying of the prescription. Checking for dependent edema by assessing
bladder. the lower extremities is an appropriate assessment after
4 Check for dependent edema respirations and vital signs are assessed.
by assessing the lower extrem-
ities
8. A client had a laparoscop- Ans- 2, 4
ic cholecystectomy. Postoper-
atively, the client experiences
nausea and vomiting and is ad-
mitted overnight for observa-
tion and hydration. What would
