ADMN 1000H MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

ADMN 1000H MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 Leadership - Answers how ppl are managed within an organization Strategy - Answers decisions made by business managers about how the company will address political, economic, global, societal, competitive and technological forces Change - Answers shift in how an organization operates Labour - Answers one of the five factors of production, includes all workers in an organization who contribute their talents and strengths to create goods and services Structure - Answers planned network or pattern of relationships that exists among individuals within an organization, determines division of labour, span of control, level of formalization and how centralized decision making is Specific or Task Environment - Answers environment in which particular organization operates, ultimately shaped by the general environment, includes stakeholders, customers, competitors, suppliers etc General Environment - Answers environment shared by al organizations in a society, such as economic and political environments, and technological, societal, competitive and global forces External Stakeholders - Answers individuals or groups who bear some kind of risk (financial, physical etc) as result of corporations actions. Include such parties as suppliers, government and society in general. There are ethical and practical reasons to attend to all of their interests, even when they conflict Economic Forces - Answers economic influences on organizations such as state of economy, unemployment, inflation, interest rates and gross domestic product Competitive Forces - Answers domestic and foreign competitor influences on organizational decisions. Competitors are organizations operating in same industry and selling similar products/services. Competitors may compete in dif ways Technological Forces - Answers environment that exerts influence across industries, playing a central role in how an organization functions, obtains resources and competes. Changes in technology permit and demand organizational change Globalization - Answers process involving integration of national economics and the worldwide convergence of consumer preferences; the process of generating a single world economic system Political Forces - Answers governmental influences on organizations decisions through laws, taxes, trade relationships, and other related political factors Societal Forces - Answers wide range of influences in society in general, including changes in public opinion on ethical issues (organizational justice), affects all organizations which businesses must respond Sustainability - Answers relationship between the 3 P's: people, profits and the planet Triple Bottom Line - Answers accounting framework that can be voluntarily used by organizations to report performance on social, economic and environmental results for a project or reporting period Organizational Learning - Answers detection and correction of error or collective experience of individuals within organization the results in changes in organizational procedure. 3 aspects of learning: adapting to environment, learning from employees, contributing to learning of wide community/context. 2 types of learning: single loop learning and double-loop learning Gross Domestic Product (GDP) - Answers total value of a country's output of goods and services in a given year Big Six - Answers Canada's six largest banks including CIBC. Scotiabank, TD Canada, Trust, BMO, RBC and National Bank Competitive Advantage - Answers achieved when organization excels in one or more attributes that allow it to outperform its competitors Attribute - Answers business advantage, might include having highly skilled staff, patented technology, unique market strategy, well-known brand, or something else that makes company leader in its field Knowledge Workers - Answers ppl employed in knowledge-intensive industries, such as high-tech industries, where specialized and frequently changing knowledge is required. Knowledge work is harder to routinize than service work Branch Plants - Answers subsidiaries (of companies in another country) that do not perform the complete range of functions necessary to offer product in that marketplace. Defer responsibility of higher-level strategic functions to the parent company Mixed System - Answers economic system that involves a capitalist economy with important gov role Employment - Answers relationship between employer and employee involving exchange of labour power (work) for something of value (wages or benefits) Employment Contract - Answers contract that defines terms and conditions of contractual relationship between employer and employee. Contract may include: reference to services to be performed, working hours, compensation, and other work related obligations Employee - Answers person hired by an employer to perform work according to terms of employment contract Independent Contractors - Answers indiv contractors or the self employed provide labour services in exchange for compensation. Partners - Answers individuals who share part ownership in a business. Can be 2 or more partners in partnership Temporary Placement Organization (employment agency) - Answers a business that helps match workers looking for jobs w businesses that require temporary help Volunteer - Answers unpaid indiv who performs services for an organization voluntarily, not employee under law Intern - Answers worker who receives on-the-job training at work place. May/not be formal requirement of educational program, can be paid or unpaid. Standard Employment Relationship (SER) - Answers employment relationship characterized by regular, full time hours at a single employer, spanning entire working career. Receive periodic pay raises and health benefits and pension plans Nonstandard Employment (NSE) - Answers less stable form than SER. Part-time, temporary/variable working hours, lower pay, fewer employer-provided benefits, short job tenure and usually non unionized Income Inequality - Answers unequal distribution of wealth to individuals or households in an economy Vulnerable or Precarious Workers - Answers individuals who performs work in nonstandard employment relationship, always at risk on unemployment bc jobs are insecure and pay is low Neoclassical Perspective - Answers says competitive markets are best at organizing complex economies and societies. Forces of supply and demand will ensue optimal assignment of skills and expertise throughout economy and fairest distribution of wealth Competitive Markets - Answers there's sufficient # of participants, competing for same goods, services and customers. Markets tend to fix prices at point where supply of good or service equals demand for that good or service Invisible Hand of the Marker - Answers by pursuing their own self-interest, individuals "are lead by an invisible hand" to promote the greater public interest, even if that is not their intention Minimum Wage - Answers employment standards law that mandates minimum hourly wage that must be paid to employee Managerial Perspective - Answers managerialists believe employers and employees share common goal of maximizing productivity and profits, no need for conflict between them. If employers treat employees decently, employees will work hard in employers interest Industrial Pluralist Perspective - Answers perspective emphasizes imbalance of power between workers and employers, value of society and economics of striking a reasonable balance between efficiency concerns of employers and equity concerns of workers. Believe that unions and collective bargaining are beneficial to society and economy bc they give workers voice and ensure fairer distribution of wealth throughout society Bargaining Power - Answers amount of power workers have to determine their conditions of employment w their employer; wages, hours, training, vacation time, health and safety measures etc Activist Government - Answers gov that intervenes in employment relationship by passing laws that restrict freedom of contract, such as employment standards, human rights, health and safety and employment equity laws Collective Bargaining - Answers process of negotiation measures between a group of employees (through union) and an employer (group of employers) leading to collective agreement that applies to entire group of employees Bounded Rationality - Answers idea that humans often don't make decisions that would max their personal utility bc they either lack necessary info to assess various options or lack capacity to assess info they have Critical Perspective - Answers perspective that believes interests of labour (workers) and capital (owners and managers of economic organizations) are irreconcilably in conflict. Objective of capital is to extract from labour max effort and control at minimal cost Labour Relations Statutes - Answers laws that govern labour issues in particular province Family Income - Answers amount of money working men were able to bring home to support their spouses and children Union Density - Answers measure of percentage of employees who are members of a union out of the total employees in the labour market Union Wage Premium - Answers additional amount of wages paid to unionized over non-unionized workers Unemployment Rate - Answers percentage of adults in the labour market w/out employment who are actively seeking employment Common Law of the Employment Contract - Answers all of the rules of interpretation of employment contracts applied by judges over the years, as recorded in legal decisions Reasonable Notice - Answers amount of time in advance that employers must inform employees that their services are no longer necessary and employment contract is ending. Notice is judged by length of employees service, employees age and type of work employee performed Mandatory Minimum Statutory Notice - Answers minimum job termination notice employers must give their employees "At Will" Employment - Answers concept used in U.S. labour law that allows employers to terminate employees w/out any notice for any reason Unemployment Insurance Program - Answers requires employers and employees to make contributions into an unemployment insurance fund Charter of Rights and Freedoms - Answers part on Canadian Constitution that governs relationship between governments and citizens by protecting fundamental rights and freedoms of Canadians against state interference Prohibited Grounds - Answers grounds listed in human rights statutes. Discrimination is prohibited in employment on the prohibited grounds only. Include race, colour, ethnicity, religion, age, disability, sex and sexual orientation Duty to Accommodate - Answers legal obligation required by human rights statutes requiring employers to accommodate employees who otherwise would not be able to perform the requirements of a job bc of a reason related to prohibited ground Undue Hardship - Answers occurs when the accommodation necessary to enable a worker to perform a job requirement is too onerous for an employer to implement, very high standard Designated Groups - Answers 4 designated groups under Canada's Employment Equity Act: women, Aboriginal peoples, persons w disabilities and members of visible minorities Employment Equity - Answers Developed by Justice Rosalie Abella (1984). A model designed to remove systemic barriers that have historically led to underrepresentation in Canada's labour market of ppl from the 4 designated groups Systemic Discrimination - Answers internal policies, practices, patterns of biases that tend to disadvantage some groups and favour others. Might not be deliberate but has effect of excluding certain classes of ppl Management - Answers process of administering/coordinating resources effectively/efficiently in effort to achieve organizations goals Efficiency - Answers using fewest inputs to produce given level of output Effectiveness - Answers pursuit and achievement of goals that are appropriate for an organization Interpersonal Roles - Answers tasks that arise from managers formal authority base and involve relationships w either other organizational members or external parities Figurehead - Answers ceremonial or symbolic in nature (ex employee of the month awards) Leader - Answers manager may serve as motivator, communicator and coordinator of subordinates' activities (ex conducting performance appraisals) Liaison - Answers developing relationships w members of organization outside manager's area of authority (ex dealing w other departments) Informational Roles - Answers managers are communication sources for organization, whether between parties or to parties outside Monitor - Answers internal and external environments of organization are constantly monitored for info useful in decision making Disseminator - Answers info obtained through monitoring is shared and distributed Spokesperson - Answers info is transmitted to individuals outside managers' area of authority Decisional Roles - Answers info is processed and decisions made Entrepreneur - Answers manager develops and initiates new projects Disturbance Handler - Answers manager deals w and attempts to resolve conflicts (ex dealing w difficult or uncooperative supplier) Resource Allocator - Answers decided how resources such as money, equipment, personnel, and time will be allocated Negotiator - Answers involving negotiation in all its forms, whether w customers, employees or other departments Classical Approaches to Management - Answers oldest formalized perspectives of management (arose late 18th and early 20th cent.) during time of rapid industrialization in US and European business sectors. Scientific, administrative and bureaucratic Industrial Revolution - Answers manufacturing practices developed () changing nature of work from manual hand production to machine use and mass production Laissez Faire - Answers businesses or manufactures should be free to make and sell what they peas, reflects that gov should not interfere w economic affairs of business Scientific Management - Answers securing max prosperity for employer coupled w max prosperity for each employee by standardizing and compartmentalizing work practices Time and Motion Studies - Answers scientific analysis of work, using movie camera and stopwatch to closely scrutinize elements of performing a task Compartmentalizing - Answers involves breaking job down into its most fundamental steps or components