ATI MED SURG PROCTORED 100 FINAL PAPER
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Steps for collecting ABG's. Answer: a. Perform Allen test if no
arterial line
b. sample is drawn into heparinized syringe
c. keep on ice and transport to laboratory immediately
d. document amount and method of oxygen delivered for accurate
results
e. apply direct pressure to puncture site at least 5 min (longer for
clients at risk for bleeding)
◉ Bronchoscopy. Answer: visualizes the larynx, trachea, bronchi;
obtains tissue biopsy; and removes foreign bodies.
◉ Steps for a bronchoscopy procedure. Answer: a. obtain informed
consent
b. maintain NPO 8 to 12 hr.
c. Provide local anesthetic throat spray
d. position upright
e. administer medications as prescribed, such as atropine (to reduce
oral secretions), sedation, and/or anti-anxiety.
,f. label specimen
g. observe postprocedure
-gag reflex
-bleeding
-respiratory status, vital signs, and level of consciousness
◉ Mantoux test. Answer: Positive test indicates exposure to
tuberculosis. Diagnosis must be confirmed with sputum culture for
presence of acid-fast bacillus (AFB).
◉ Mantoux test steps. Answer: a. administer 0.1 mL of purified
protein derivation intradermal to upper half inner surface of
forearm (insert needle bevel up)
b. Assess for reaction in 48 to 72 hr following injection; induration
(hardening) of 10 mm or greater is considered a positive test; 5 mm
may be considered significant if immunocompromised.
◉ QuantiFERON-TB Gold test (QFT-GT) and T-SPOT.TB. Answer:
Identify the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by
measuring the immune response to the TB bacteria in whole blood.
◉ Thoracentesis. Answer: Surgical perforation of the pleural space
to obtain specimen, to remove fluid or air, or to instill medication.
,◉ Steps for Thoracentesis. Answer: a. informed consent
b. educate client: remain still, feeling of pressure, positioning
c. position upright
d. monitor respiratory status and vital signs
e. label specimens
f. Document client response, amount, color and viscosity of fluid
(maximum amount of fluid to be removed at a time is 1L).
g. Chest tube at bedside
h. Obtain CXR before and after procedure
◉ Asthma. Answer: Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways
resulting in intermittent and reversible airflow obstruction of the
bronchioles.
◉ Contributing factors of asthma. Answer: -Extrinsic: antigen-
antibody reaction triggered by food, medications, or inhaled
substances
-Intrinsic: pathophysiological abnormalities within the respiratory
tract
-Older clients: beta receptors are less responsive to agonist and
trigger bronchospasms.
◉ Manifestations of asthma. Answer: -Sudden, severe dyspnea with
use of accessory muscles
, -sitting up, leaning forward
-diaphoresis and anxiety
-wheezing, gasping
-coughing
-cyanosis (late sign)
-barrel chest
◉ Diagnostic procedures for asthma. Answer: -ABGs
-sputum cultures
-pulmonary function tests
◉ Nursing interventions for asthma. Answer: -remain with the client
during the attack
-position in high-fowler's
-assess lung sounds and pulse oximetry
-administer oxygen therapy
-maintain oxygen access
◉ Medications for athma. Answer: Administer bronchodilators
before anti-inflammatory
1. Bronchodilators
-short-acting inhaled: albuterol; for rapid relief
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Steps for collecting ABG's. Answer: a. Perform Allen test if no
arterial line
b. sample is drawn into heparinized syringe
c. keep on ice and transport to laboratory immediately
d. document amount and method of oxygen delivered for accurate
results
e. apply direct pressure to puncture site at least 5 min (longer for
clients at risk for bleeding)
◉ Bronchoscopy. Answer: visualizes the larynx, trachea, bronchi;
obtains tissue biopsy; and removes foreign bodies.
◉ Steps for a bronchoscopy procedure. Answer: a. obtain informed
consent
b. maintain NPO 8 to 12 hr.
c. Provide local anesthetic throat spray
d. position upright
e. administer medications as prescribed, such as atropine (to reduce
oral secretions), sedation, and/or anti-anxiety.
,f. label specimen
g. observe postprocedure
-gag reflex
-bleeding
-respiratory status, vital signs, and level of consciousness
◉ Mantoux test. Answer: Positive test indicates exposure to
tuberculosis. Diagnosis must be confirmed with sputum culture for
presence of acid-fast bacillus (AFB).
◉ Mantoux test steps. Answer: a. administer 0.1 mL of purified
protein derivation intradermal to upper half inner surface of
forearm (insert needle bevel up)
b. Assess for reaction in 48 to 72 hr following injection; induration
(hardening) of 10 mm or greater is considered a positive test; 5 mm
may be considered significant if immunocompromised.
◉ QuantiFERON-TB Gold test (QFT-GT) and T-SPOT.TB. Answer:
Identify the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by
measuring the immune response to the TB bacteria in whole blood.
◉ Thoracentesis. Answer: Surgical perforation of the pleural space
to obtain specimen, to remove fluid or air, or to instill medication.
,◉ Steps for Thoracentesis. Answer: a. informed consent
b. educate client: remain still, feeling of pressure, positioning
c. position upright
d. monitor respiratory status and vital signs
e. label specimens
f. Document client response, amount, color and viscosity of fluid
(maximum amount of fluid to be removed at a time is 1L).
g. Chest tube at bedside
h. Obtain CXR before and after procedure
◉ Asthma. Answer: Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways
resulting in intermittent and reversible airflow obstruction of the
bronchioles.
◉ Contributing factors of asthma. Answer: -Extrinsic: antigen-
antibody reaction triggered by food, medications, or inhaled
substances
-Intrinsic: pathophysiological abnormalities within the respiratory
tract
-Older clients: beta receptors are less responsive to agonist and
trigger bronchospasms.
◉ Manifestations of asthma. Answer: -Sudden, severe dyspnea with
use of accessory muscles
, -sitting up, leaning forward
-diaphoresis and anxiety
-wheezing, gasping
-coughing
-cyanosis (late sign)
-barrel chest
◉ Diagnostic procedures for asthma. Answer: -ABGs
-sputum cultures
-pulmonary function tests
◉ Nursing interventions for asthma. Answer: -remain with the client
during the attack
-position in high-fowler's
-assess lung sounds and pulse oximetry
-administer oxygen therapy
-maintain oxygen access
◉ Medications for athma. Answer: Administer bronchodilators
before anti-inflammatory
1. Bronchodilators
-short-acting inhaled: albuterol; for rapid relief
