ADMN 1000H - CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN MANAGEMENT QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026

ADMN 1000H - CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN MANAGEMENT QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026 Institutional Environment - Answers packed with organizations keeps changing all the time nature of it is challenging Organizations are.. - Answers social entities goal directed (comes from purpose or vision) designed as deliberately structured and coordinated activity systems (not random, well planned) linked to external environments Importance of an organization - Answers Bring together resources to achieve desired goals and outcomes Produce goods and services efficiently Facilitate innovation Use modern manufacturing and information technologies Adapt to and influence a changing environment Create value for owners, customers, and employees Accommodate ongoing challenges of diversity, ethics, and the motivation and coordination of employees Value Creation Process or transformation process - Answers Focused on producing or delivering an organization's primary goods or services. competitive advantage - Answers Competitive advantage is achieved when an organization excels in one or more attributes that allow it to outperform its competitors When an organization enjoys a competitive advantage it will have a leading edge over it's competitors... To achieve this an organization has to manage it's internal and external organizational environment 3 types of competitive advantage - Answers 1. Cost (value creation process cheaply ie. dollarama) 2. Product/Service Differentiation (different and unique features) 3. Niche (small market, specific) planned economy - Answers Economy that relies on a centralized government to control all or most factors of production and to make all or most production and allocation decisions Market economy - Answers Economy in which individuals control production and allocation decision through supply and demand mixed market economy - Answers economic system featuring characteristics of both planned and market economies labour - Answers One of the four factors of production. Includes all workers in an organization who contributes their talents and strengths to create goods and services. Leadership - Answers How people are managed within and organization structure - Answers A deliberately planned network or pattern of relationships that exists among individuals within an organization. It determines such things as division of labor, span of control, level of formational and how centralized decision making is strategy - Answers The decisions made by business managers about how the company will address political, economic, global, societal, competitive, and technological forces. specific/ task environment - Answers The Environment within which a particular organization operates, which is ultimately shaped by the general environment. Customers Suppliers (bring raw materials) Competitors Unions (labour) Government Local Public Creditors Distributors 6 forces in the general environment - Answers Political forces Economic forces Technological forces Societal forces Competitive forces Global forces general environment - Answers The sphere surrounding the organization's specific environment is typically referred to as the general environment. political - Answers Country stability Laws and regulations Taxes Trade relationships (e.g. NAFTA) Environmental fees Business Incentives Crown corporations Deregulation/privatization economic - Answers The state of the economy Recession or growth Interest rates Currency rate Unemployment Inflation National debt technological - Answers Work approaches (e.g. video conferencing) Equipment (e.g. manufacturing) Electronics (e.g. smartphones, tablets) Telecommunications (e.g. internet, phone service) Processing systems ( e.g. data processing systems) societal - Answers Customs, attitudes, values and ethics Demographics Consumer preferences competitive - Answers How competitive is your industry? Who are your competitors? What type of competition does your industry operate in? Global - Answers includes all forces an employee exists when,, - Answers an employment contract exists. there is an exchange of labour for compensation. the employer has control over: the methods of production how much to produce and the right to direct the employee in how to do his or her job. employment contract - Answers A contract that defines the terms and condition of a contractual relationship between an employee. The contact may include reference to services to be performed, working hours, compensation and other work related obligation of the employer the employee. independent contractors - Answers self employed provide labour services in exchange for compensation. They run their own businesses rather than serving as an employee for another organization or person. 4 legal factors that determine if they are an employee or not - Answers Degree of control. Degree of economic risk. Degree to which the worker performs an essential service for an organization. Degree to which the organization provides the necessary tools. Partners - Answers Individuals who share part ownership in a business. There can be two or more partners in a partnership temporary placement organizations - Answers A business that helps match workers looking for jobs with businesses that require temporary help. Also called an employment agency volunteers - Answers An unpaid individual who performs services for an organization voluntarily. A volunteer is not an employee under the law intern - Answers A worker who receives on the job training at a workplace. The internship may or may not be a formal requirement of an educational program and can be paid or unpaid. Whether an intern is considered an "employee" and is therefore entitled to legal entitlements available to employees in Canada, such as minimum wage, depends on how a province's employment standards laws define an employee. Some unpaid internships are unlawful while others are not. standard employee - Answers Regular, full-time hours A single employer A lifetime career/employer Periodic pay raises Health benefits Pension plans Guided by government regulation nonstandard employee - Answers Vulnerable or precarious work Less stable Part-time, temporary, contract work Variable working hours Lower pay Few employer-benefits Less job security Not entitled to as many social protections neoclassical perspective - Answers Labour markets are perfectly competitive. Government and unions should not interfere in business. Competitive markets and supply and demand will allow: Optimal assignment of skills. Fairest distribution of wealth. motivate by self interest managerial perspective - Answers Businesses and workers share a common interest: for the business to be a success. Management will treat workers well in order for workers to be productive. Governments should have little involvement. Unions are not needed because management will look out for employees' concerns. critical perspectives - Answers Interests of workers and owners are in conflict. Employment regulation (government intervention) is required. Collective bargaining is required. unions - Answers through collective bargaining promote stable, long-term employment, wage, and benefits, sufficient to support a family and fuel a consumer economy. collective bargaining - Answers is the process by which labour and management negotiate conditions of employment for union-represented workers and draft a labour contract. Benefits of Unions - Answers Increased wage competitiveness - Union wages in collective agreements have served as a benchmark and have influenced non-union wages as they increased wage competitiveness. Improved equity and working conditions - Unions have increased wages and helped with pay equity for women, racial equality and improved working environments. Improved public policy - Unions have lobbied the government and achieved public policy improvements in workplace health and safety, pension benefits and literacy. Industrial Pluralist Perspective - Answers Imbalance of power in favour of the employer Minimal employment standards required to protect workers Collective bargaining and unionization required for employees to get their fair share Workers' lack information Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms - Answers Protects: speech, press, assembly, association, and religious rights democratic rights mobility rights legal rights equality rights language rights human rights laws - Answers prohibits discrimination: race colour national or ethnic origin religion age sex marital status family status physical or mental disability pardoned criminal conviction sexual orientation employment equity legislation - Answers To break down barriers for four designated groups Women Aboriginal peoples Visible minorities Disabled individuals Systematic Discrimination - Answers Internal policies, practices, patterns or biases that tend to disadvantage some group and favour others. It might not be deliberate, but ut has the effect of excluding certain classes of people Union Tactics - Answers Cannot interfere with the formation of an employer association Cannot intimidate or coerce employees to become members of a union Must provide fair representation for all in the bargaining unit Employer Tactics - Answers Can emphasize current advantages in wages, benefits, or working conditions the employees may enjoy, but cannot promise better conditions Cannot interfere with the labour relations process or certification Cannot threaten to close the business Cannot dismiss, discipline, or threaten employees who wish to join the union Must bargain in good faith dismissal of nonunion employee - Answers A lawsuit filed in a court by an employee alleging that he or she was dismissed without proper contractual or reasonable notice dismissal of a unionized employee just cause - Answers A unionized employer usually needs a reason to dismiss an employee who is a manager? - Answers A manager can be an individual at any level of the organization Top management could include the chief executive officer (CEO) or president along with vice-presidents Middle managers could include such figures as departmental or division heads Efficiency - Answers Using the fewest inputs to produce a given level of output Ex. Putting in 5 but getting 10 effectiveness - Answers The pursuit and achievement of goals that are appropriate for an organizations Ex. Operational, market goals etc formal role - Answers The authority is given with the position, generally from the top management informal role - Answers The authority is not given by formal means but have been earned by the individual because of expertise, experience and trust planning effectiveness - Answers Planning is the process of determining the firm's goals and developing a strategy for achieving those goals. The planning process involves five steps Step 1. Goals are established for the organizations Step 2. Managers identify whether a gap exists between the company's desired and actual position Step 3. Managers develop plans to achieve the desired objectives Step 4. The methods that have been decided upon are implemented Step 5. The effectiveness of the plan is assessed Organizing - Answers Organizing involves mobilizing the resources required to complete a particular task Group work needs to be organized Authority needs to be delegated resources plans people Leading - Answers Leading involves the interactions between managers and their subordinates as they both work to meet the firm's objectives There are many different leadership styles - Transactional leaders (day to day activities, routine work), transformational (good at long term goals, and changing goals) leaders..... Motivate Inspire controlling - Answers Controlling is the process of monitoring a firm's performance to make sure that it is meeting its goals It involves establishing standards, measuring actual performance against standards and analyse whether measured performance match standards figurehead - Answers These roles are typically ceremonial or symbolic in nature (ex. Presidents) Interpersonal Roles - Answers include those managerial tasks that arise from the manager's formal authority base and involve relationships with either other organizational members or external parties leader - Answers In this role, the manager may serve as a motivator, a communicator, and a coordinator of his or her subordinates' activities liaison - Answers Those managerial activities that involve developing relationships with members of the organization outside the manager's area of authority (represent company in meetings or task force) informal roles - Answers reflects the importance of managers as communication sources for the organization—whether this involves gathering or giving out important information to other organizational members or to parties outside the organization monitor - Answers is a managers must constantly monitor the internal and external environments of their organization to gather information that is useful for organizational decision making Disseminators - Answers Managers must ensure that subordinates have all the information they require to perform their job effectively. This might include offering clear information regarding company expectations of performance standards and performance appraisal criteria spokesperson - Answers Managers can also transmit information to individuals outside their area of authority. Decisional Roles - Answers highlights the fact that managers must process information and act as decision makers Entrepreneur - Answers That is, the manager may, for example, develop and initiate new projects. This might include the personnel manager developing a new performance appraisal system, the marketing manager developing a new product, and so on disturbance handler - Answers Dealing with and attempting to resolve conflict can include things such as resolving a dispute between two employees, dealing with a difficult or uncooperative supplier. The ability to manage conflict effectively can often be a critical role of a manager resource allocator - Answers which involves deciding how resources (money, equipment, personnel, time) will be allocated negotiator - Answers Research have underscored the degree to which managers are engaged in some form of negotiation throughout their activities. Whether this involves negotiating with customers, employees, or other departments, a manager often bargains over issues that affect the operation of his or her department, unit, or organization scientific management - Answers fredrick taylor