PNP Board Certification Review – Health Promotion and Well-Child Care for
Infants, Children, and Adolescents Questions and Answers A+ Grade
2026/2027 | Complete Pediatric Review Study Guide
1. Sixteen-year-old Sarah makes the following state-ments to you during a health visit. Which of the fol-
lowing pieces of information should not be kept confidential?
a. "I have been sexually active with three of my boyfriends."
b. "I sometimes smoke marijuana.
"c. "I want to get pregnant."
d. "Sometimes I feel like ending my life." - (ANSWER)1. D: Any statements a patient makes that entail
harm of self or others are not covered by patient confidential-ity guidelines.
2. In performing a physical examination of a 9-month-old infant, which of the following developmental
fears would not be appropriate for you to consider?
a. Stranger anxiety
b. Pain
c. Separation from parents
d. Bodily harm - (ANSWER)2. D: A 9-month-old infant is not capable of such higher-order thinking.
3. When performing a physical examination of a toddler, which of the following body parts would you
examine last?
a. Heart and lungs
b. Abdomen and genitals
c. Ears and throat
d. Hips and extremities - (ANSWER)3. C: Ears and throat examination is most threatening to the toddler
and likely to produce resistance during the examination.
4. Role-play with equipment during the course of a physical examination would be most beneficial with
which of the following age groups?
a. Toddlers
b. Preschoolers
,PNP Board Certification Review – Health Promotion and Well-Child Care for
Infants, Children, and Adolescents Questions and Answers A+ Grade
2026/2027 | Complete Pediatric Review Study Guide
c. Young school-age children
d. Older school-age children - (ANSWER)4. B: Preschoolers engage in imaginative play and are more
easily engaged in this activity.
5. Providing reassurance of "normalcy" during the course of an examination would be most important
for:
a. Preschool children
b. Young school-age children
c. Older school-age children
d. Adolescents - (ANSWER)5. D: Adolescents have heightened concerns regarding body image. They fear
that they are abnormal and would be reassured by this behavior.
6. Which of the following would not elevate the pulse of a child?
a. Fever
b. Anemia
c. Hypothyroidism
d. Exercise - (ANSWER)6. C: Hypothyroidism decreases body metabolism, and the others cause an
increase in body metabolism and subsequent pulse rate.
7. The PNP recognizes which of the following signs as indicators that a baby is not receiving sufficient
breastmilk?
a. Sleepiness, jaundice, and decreased urine and stool
b. Diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting
c. Bulging fontanel and irritability
d. Sleeplessness and excitability - (ANSWER)7. A: Decreased intake would cause decreased alertness and
decreased excretion of bilirubin due to decreased urine and stool output.
, PNP Board Certification Review – Health Promotion and Well-Child Care for
Infants, Children, and Adolescents Questions and Answers A+ Grade
2026/2027 | Complete Pediatric Review Study Guide
8. Blood pressure should be measured at well-child vis-its beginning at age:
a. 2 years
b. 3 years
c. 4 years
d. 5 years - (ANSWER)8. B: At age 3 years, per AAP recommendations for pre-ventive pediatric health
care.
9. A wide pulse pressure that results from a high sys-tolic blood pressure is usually not due to which of
the following?
a. Fever
b. Exercise
c. Excitement
d. A patent ductus arteriosus - (ANSWER)9. D: Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and
diastolic blood pressures (normal is 20 to 50 mm Hg). A wide pulse pressure from high systolic pressure
is usually due to fever, exercise, or excitement. A wide pulse pressure from low diastolic pressure is
usually due to patent ductus arteriosus, aortic regurgitation, or other serious heart disease.
10. Head and chest circumferences should be equal at:
a. 6 months of age
b. 1 year of age
c. 2 years of age
d. 3 years of age - (ANSWER)10. B: Head circumference is approximately 2 cm larger than chest during
the first year of life; head and chest circumferences should be equal at 1 year of age; dur-ing childhood,
chest is usually 5 to 7 cm larger than head.
11. The anterior fontanel usually closes by:
a. 2 months of age
Infants, Children, and Adolescents Questions and Answers A+ Grade
2026/2027 | Complete Pediatric Review Study Guide
1. Sixteen-year-old Sarah makes the following state-ments to you during a health visit. Which of the fol-
lowing pieces of information should not be kept confidential?
a. "I have been sexually active with three of my boyfriends."
b. "I sometimes smoke marijuana.
"c. "I want to get pregnant."
d. "Sometimes I feel like ending my life." - (ANSWER)1. D: Any statements a patient makes that entail
harm of self or others are not covered by patient confidential-ity guidelines.
2. In performing a physical examination of a 9-month-old infant, which of the following developmental
fears would not be appropriate for you to consider?
a. Stranger anxiety
b. Pain
c. Separation from parents
d. Bodily harm - (ANSWER)2. D: A 9-month-old infant is not capable of such higher-order thinking.
3. When performing a physical examination of a toddler, which of the following body parts would you
examine last?
a. Heart and lungs
b. Abdomen and genitals
c. Ears and throat
d. Hips and extremities - (ANSWER)3. C: Ears and throat examination is most threatening to the toddler
and likely to produce resistance during the examination.
4. Role-play with equipment during the course of a physical examination would be most beneficial with
which of the following age groups?
a. Toddlers
b. Preschoolers
,PNP Board Certification Review – Health Promotion and Well-Child Care for
Infants, Children, and Adolescents Questions and Answers A+ Grade
2026/2027 | Complete Pediatric Review Study Guide
c. Young school-age children
d. Older school-age children - (ANSWER)4. B: Preschoolers engage in imaginative play and are more
easily engaged in this activity.
5. Providing reassurance of "normalcy" during the course of an examination would be most important
for:
a. Preschool children
b. Young school-age children
c. Older school-age children
d. Adolescents - (ANSWER)5. D: Adolescents have heightened concerns regarding body image. They fear
that they are abnormal and would be reassured by this behavior.
6. Which of the following would not elevate the pulse of a child?
a. Fever
b. Anemia
c. Hypothyroidism
d. Exercise - (ANSWER)6. C: Hypothyroidism decreases body metabolism, and the others cause an
increase in body metabolism and subsequent pulse rate.
7. The PNP recognizes which of the following signs as indicators that a baby is not receiving sufficient
breastmilk?
a. Sleepiness, jaundice, and decreased urine and stool
b. Diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting
c. Bulging fontanel and irritability
d. Sleeplessness and excitability - (ANSWER)7. A: Decreased intake would cause decreased alertness and
decreased excretion of bilirubin due to decreased urine and stool output.
, PNP Board Certification Review – Health Promotion and Well-Child Care for
Infants, Children, and Adolescents Questions and Answers A+ Grade
2026/2027 | Complete Pediatric Review Study Guide
8. Blood pressure should be measured at well-child vis-its beginning at age:
a. 2 years
b. 3 years
c. 4 years
d. 5 years - (ANSWER)8. B: At age 3 years, per AAP recommendations for pre-ventive pediatric health
care.
9. A wide pulse pressure that results from a high sys-tolic blood pressure is usually not due to which of
the following?
a. Fever
b. Exercise
c. Excitement
d. A patent ductus arteriosus - (ANSWER)9. D: Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and
diastolic blood pressures (normal is 20 to 50 mm Hg). A wide pulse pressure from high systolic pressure
is usually due to fever, exercise, or excitement. A wide pulse pressure from low diastolic pressure is
usually due to patent ductus arteriosus, aortic regurgitation, or other serious heart disease.
10. Head and chest circumferences should be equal at:
a. 6 months of age
b. 1 year of age
c. 2 years of age
d. 3 years of age - (ANSWER)10. B: Head circumference is approximately 2 cm larger than chest during
the first year of life; head and chest circumferences should be equal at 1 year of age; dur-ing childhood,
chest is usually 5 to 7 cm larger than head.
11. The anterior fontanel usually closes by:
a. 2 months of age
