GI Disorders Exam 4 (NUR 113)
2026 Exam Questions and
Correct Answers | New Update
What is a hiatal hernia? - ANSWER ✔✔Protrusion of the stomach
above the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.
What percentage of people with hiatal hernia are over age 50? -
ANSWER ✔✔60%.
What are the two types of hiatal hernias? - ANSWER ✔✔Type 1
(Sliding) and Type 2 (Rolling or Paraesophageal).
What is a common complication of a hiatal hernia? - ANSWER
✔✔Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
,What are common clinical manifestations of a hiatal hernia? -
ANSWER ✔✔Heartburn, regurgitation, dysphagia, and chest pain.
What lifestyle changes are recommended for managing hiatal hernia? -
ANSWER ✔✔Limit spicy and fatty foods, maintain a healthy weight,
and elevate the head of the bed.
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of antacids? - ANSWER
✔✔They neutralize gastric acid.
What is the MOA of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)? - ANSWER
✔✔They suppress gastric secretions.
What surgical procedure is performed for large Type 2 hiatal hernias? -
ANSWER ✔✔Nissen Fundoplication.
What is GERD? - ANSWER ✔✔Gastroesophageal reflux disease,
characterized by the backward flow of gastroduodenal contents into the
esophagus.
What are the risk factors for developing GERD? - ANSWER
✔✔Obesity, pregnancy, large meals, and tight clothing.
What are atypical symptoms of GERD? - ANSWER ✔✔Severe chest
pain, chronic cough, and laryngitis.
,What is Barrett's esophagus? - ANSWER ✔✔Abnormal cell changes
in the esophagus that increase cancer risk.
What are common nursing assessments for GERD? - ANSWER
✔✔Monitor respiratory symptoms, regurgitation, and signs of Barrett's
esophagus.
What dietary recommendations are made for patients with GERD? -
ANSWER ✔✔Limit irritating foods, avoid smoking and alcohol, and
eat meals 2 hours before lying down.
What is Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)? - ANSWER ✔✔A condition
characterized by open sores on the inner lining of the stomach or the
upper part of the small intestine.
What is a common cause of Peptic Ulcer Disease? - ANSWER
✔✔Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).
What are common symptoms of Peptic Ulcer Disease? - ANSWER
✔✔Abdominal pain, bloating, and indigestion.
What medications are commonly used to treat Peptic Ulcer Disease? -
ANSWER ✔✔Antacids, H2 receptor antagonists, and proton pump
inhibitors.
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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, What nursing interventions are important for patients with PUD? -
ANSWER ✔✔Administer medications as ordered and educate on
dietary modifications.
What is the purpose of an EGD (Esophagogastroduodenoscopy)? -
ANSWER ✔✔To visually examine the esophagus and stomach for
abnormalities.
What is the role of prokinetic medications in GI disorders? - ANSWER
✔✔They increase gastric emptying and decrease gastric acid
production.
What lifestyle change can help reduce symptoms of GERD? -
ANSWER ✔✔Elevating the head of the bed by 6-12 inches.
What is the significance of iron-deficiency anemia in relation to hiatal
hernias? - ANSWER ✔✔It can occur due to complications like
volvulus, which can restrict blood flow.
What is a common cause of gastric mucosa damage? - ANSWER
✔✔NSAID use
What are the clinical manifestations of gastric ulcers? - ANSWER
✔✔Dull, gnawing or burning pain, dyspepsia, appetite changes, and
weight loss.
2026 Exam Questions and
Correct Answers | New Update
What is a hiatal hernia? - ANSWER ✔✔Protrusion of the stomach
above the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.
What percentage of people with hiatal hernia are over age 50? -
ANSWER ✔✔60%.
What are the two types of hiatal hernias? - ANSWER ✔✔Type 1
(Sliding) and Type 2 (Rolling or Paraesophageal).
What is a common complication of a hiatal hernia? - ANSWER
✔✔Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
,What are common clinical manifestations of a hiatal hernia? -
ANSWER ✔✔Heartburn, regurgitation, dysphagia, and chest pain.
What lifestyle changes are recommended for managing hiatal hernia? -
ANSWER ✔✔Limit spicy and fatty foods, maintain a healthy weight,
and elevate the head of the bed.
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of antacids? - ANSWER
✔✔They neutralize gastric acid.
What is the MOA of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)? - ANSWER
✔✔They suppress gastric secretions.
What surgical procedure is performed for large Type 2 hiatal hernias? -
ANSWER ✔✔Nissen Fundoplication.
What is GERD? - ANSWER ✔✔Gastroesophageal reflux disease,
characterized by the backward flow of gastroduodenal contents into the
esophagus.
What are the risk factors for developing GERD? - ANSWER
✔✔Obesity, pregnancy, large meals, and tight clothing.
What are atypical symptoms of GERD? - ANSWER ✔✔Severe chest
pain, chronic cough, and laryngitis.
,What is Barrett's esophagus? - ANSWER ✔✔Abnormal cell changes
in the esophagus that increase cancer risk.
What are common nursing assessments for GERD? - ANSWER
✔✔Monitor respiratory symptoms, regurgitation, and signs of Barrett's
esophagus.
What dietary recommendations are made for patients with GERD? -
ANSWER ✔✔Limit irritating foods, avoid smoking and alcohol, and
eat meals 2 hours before lying down.
What is Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)? - ANSWER ✔✔A condition
characterized by open sores on the inner lining of the stomach or the
upper part of the small intestine.
What is a common cause of Peptic Ulcer Disease? - ANSWER
✔✔Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).
What are common symptoms of Peptic Ulcer Disease? - ANSWER
✔✔Abdominal pain, bloating, and indigestion.
What medications are commonly used to treat Peptic Ulcer Disease? -
ANSWER ✔✔Antacids, H2 receptor antagonists, and proton pump
inhibitors.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, What nursing interventions are important for patients with PUD? -
ANSWER ✔✔Administer medications as ordered and educate on
dietary modifications.
What is the purpose of an EGD (Esophagogastroduodenoscopy)? -
ANSWER ✔✔To visually examine the esophagus and stomach for
abnormalities.
What is the role of prokinetic medications in GI disorders? - ANSWER
✔✔They increase gastric emptying and decrease gastric acid
production.
What lifestyle change can help reduce symptoms of GERD? -
ANSWER ✔✔Elevating the head of the bed by 6-12 inches.
What is the significance of iron-deficiency anemia in relation to hiatal
hernias? - ANSWER ✔✔It can occur due to complications like
volvulus, which can restrict blood flow.
What is a common cause of gastric mucosa damage? - ANSWER
✔✔NSAID use
What are the clinical manifestations of gastric ulcers? - ANSWER
✔✔Dull, gnawing or burning pain, dyspepsia, appetite changes, and
weight loss.
