NUR 521 FINAL EXAM REVIEW 2026
COMPLETE QUESTION SET WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
SECTION 1: ANTIFUNGAL PHARMACOLOGY (Questions 1-50)
1. Antifungals for children are considered:
Answer: Safe in low dose
2. Antifungals in pregnancy should be:
Answer: Weigh risk/benefit
3. Antifungal breastfeeding is:
Answer: Safe in low dose except Ketoconazole
4. Which antifungal should not be given to breastfeeding due to
hepatotoxicity?
Answer: Ketoconazole
5. What are the two categories of antifungals?
Answer: Systemic and Superficial
6. Which Polyene Antifungal is used systemically with broad spectrum
activity?
Answer: Amphotericin B (Abelcet)
7. Amphotericin B (Abelcet) has a Black Box Warning indicating it should
only be used in:
Answer: Infections that are potentially fatal due to potential harm
8. Amphotericin B (Abelcet) is effective against which organisms?
Answer: Most systemic mycoses, Aspergillus spp, Brown-black
molds, Leishmania spp
9. What are the contraindications for Amphotericin B (Abelcet)?
Answer: Hypersensitivity and renal impairment
,10. Which two labs should be monitored for patients receiving
Amphotericin B (Abelcet)?
Answer: Renal function, CBC
11. How is Amphotericin B (Abelcet) administered?
Answer: IV dose only
12. What premedications are often given with Amphotericin B due to
adverse effects?
Answer: Benadryl, Tylenol, and hydrocortisone
13. What medication is given for rigors associated with Amphotericin
B administration?
Answer: Demerol
14. What is the typical duration of Amphotericin B treatment?
Answer: Prolonged treatment (6-8 weeks)
15. When is renal dosing required for Amphotericin B?
Answer: Decrease creatinine over 3.5 (impaired renal function)
16. What causes infusion reactions with Amphotericin B?
Answer: Release of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis
factor, interleukin-6) from monocytes and macrophages
17. When do infusion reaction symptoms typically occur with
Amphotericin B?
Answer: 3 hours after starting the infusion and persist about an
hour
18. What education should be provided regarding Amphotericin B?
Answer: Teaching about infusion reactions
19. What are symptoms of infusion reactions with Amphotericin B?
Answer: Fever, chills, rigors, headache
20. Which antifungal class includes Amphotericin B?
Answer: Polyene Antifungal
,21. Amphotericin B is indicated for:
Answer: Most systemic mycoses
22. The mechanism of action of Amphotericin B involves:
Answer: Binding to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes
23. Amphotericin B causes cell death by:
Answer: Forming pores in the fungal cell membrane
24. The most serious adverse effect of Amphotericin B is:
Answer: Nephrotoxicity
25. Lipid formulations of Amphotericin B are used to:
Answer: Reduce nephrotoxicity
26. Amphotericin B is effective against:
Answer: Broad spectrum of fungal infections
27. The antifungal agent that is fungicidal is:
Answer: Amphotericin B
28. Amphotericin B is the drug of choice for:
Answer: Severe systemic fungal infections
29. The standard test dose for Amphotericin B is:
Answer: 1 mg infused over 20-30 minutes
30. Amphotericin B should be infused over:
Answer: 2-6 hours
31. The maximum daily dose of Amphotericin B is:
Answer: 1.5 mg/kg
32. Amphotericin B is compatible with:
Answer: D5W
33. Amphotericin B is incompatible with:
Answer: Normal saline
34. The adverse effects of Amphotericin B include all EXCEPT:
Answer: Hepatotoxicity
, 35. The nephrotoxic effects of Amphotericin B are:
Answer: Dose-dependent and cumulative
36. Amphotericin B-induced nephrotoxicity is manifested as:
Answer: Increased BUN and creatinine
37. Hypokalemia with Amphotericin B is due to:
Answer: Renal potassium wasting
38. Magnesium wasting is an adverse effect of:
Answer: Amphotericin B
39. The infusion-related adverse effects of Amphotericin B can be
minimized by:
Answer: Slowing the infusion rate
40. Amphotericin B is classified as:
Answer: Polyene antifungal
41. The antifungal agent that binds to ergosterol is:
Answer: Amphotericin B
42. Resistance to Amphotericin B is:
Answer: Uncommon
43. The use of Amphotericin B is limited by:
Answer: Its toxicity profile
44. Amphotericin B is used for treatment of:
Answer: Systemic fungal infections
45. The antifungal agent that requires premedication is:
Answer: Amphotericin B
46. Amphotericin B is the treatment of choice for:
Answer: Cryptococcal meningitis
47. The lipid formulation of Amphotericin B that is less nephrotoxic
is:
Answer: Abelcet
COMPLETE QUESTION SET WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
SECTION 1: ANTIFUNGAL PHARMACOLOGY (Questions 1-50)
1. Antifungals for children are considered:
Answer: Safe in low dose
2. Antifungals in pregnancy should be:
Answer: Weigh risk/benefit
3. Antifungal breastfeeding is:
Answer: Safe in low dose except Ketoconazole
4. Which antifungal should not be given to breastfeeding due to
hepatotoxicity?
Answer: Ketoconazole
5. What are the two categories of antifungals?
Answer: Systemic and Superficial
6. Which Polyene Antifungal is used systemically with broad spectrum
activity?
Answer: Amphotericin B (Abelcet)
7. Amphotericin B (Abelcet) has a Black Box Warning indicating it should
only be used in:
Answer: Infections that are potentially fatal due to potential harm
8. Amphotericin B (Abelcet) is effective against which organisms?
Answer: Most systemic mycoses, Aspergillus spp, Brown-black
molds, Leishmania spp
9. What are the contraindications for Amphotericin B (Abelcet)?
Answer: Hypersensitivity and renal impairment
,10. Which two labs should be monitored for patients receiving
Amphotericin B (Abelcet)?
Answer: Renal function, CBC
11. How is Amphotericin B (Abelcet) administered?
Answer: IV dose only
12. What premedications are often given with Amphotericin B due to
adverse effects?
Answer: Benadryl, Tylenol, and hydrocortisone
13. What medication is given for rigors associated with Amphotericin
B administration?
Answer: Demerol
14. What is the typical duration of Amphotericin B treatment?
Answer: Prolonged treatment (6-8 weeks)
15. When is renal dosing required for Amphotericin B?
Answer: Decrease creatinine over 3.5 (impaired renal function)
16. What causes infusion reactions with Amphotericin B?
Answer: Release of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis
factor, interleukin-6) from monocytes and macrophages
17. When do infusion reaction symptoms typically occur with
Amphotericin B?
Answer: 3 hours after starting the infusion and persist about an
hour
18. What education should be provided regarding Amphotericin B?
Answer: Teaching about infusion reactions
19. What are symptoms of infusion reactions with Amphotericin B?
Answer: Fever, chills, rigors, headache
20. Which antifungal class includes Amphotericin B?
Answer: Polyene Antifungal
,21. Amphotericin B is indicated for:
Answer: Most systemic mycoses
22. The mechanism of action of Amphotericin B involves:
Answer: Binding to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes
23. Amphotericin B causes cell death by:
Answer: Forming pores in the fungal cell membrane
24. The most serious adverse effect of Amphotericin B is:
Answer: Nephrotoxicity
25. Lipid formulations of Amphotericin B are used to:
Answer: Reduce nephrotoxicity
26. Amphotericin B is effective against:
Answer: Broad spectrum of fungal infections
27. The antifungal agent that is fungicidal is:
Answer: Amphotericin B
28. Amphotericin B is the drug of choice for:
Answer: Severe systemic fungal infections
29. The standard test dose for Amphotericin B is:
Answer: 1 mg infused over 20-30 minutes
30. Amphotericin B should be infused over:
Answer: 2-6 hours
31. The maximum daily dose of Amphotericin B is:
Answer: 1.5 mg/kg
32. Amphotericin B is compatible with:
Answer: D5W
33. Amphotericin B is incompatible with:
Answer: Normal saline
34. The adverse effects of Amphotericin B include all EXCEPT:
Answer: Hepatotoxicity
, 35. The nephrotoxic effects of Amphotericin B are:
Answer: Dose-dependent and cumulative
36. Amphotericin B-induced nephrotoxicity is manifested as:
Answer: Increased BUN and creatinine
37. Hypokalemia with Amphotericin B is due to:
Answer: Renal potassium wasting
38. Magnesium wasting is an adverse effect of:
Answer: Amphotericin B
39. The infusion-related adverse effects of Amphotericin B can be
minimized by:
Answer: Slowing the infusion rate
40. Amphotericin B is classified as:
Answer: Polyene antifungal
41. The antifungal agent that binds to ergosterol is:
Answer: Amphotericin B
42. Resistance to Amphotericin B is:
Answer: Uncommon
43. The use of Amphotericin B is limited by:
Answer: Its toxicity profile
44. Amphotericin B is used for treatment of:
Answer: Systemic fungal infections
45. The antifungal agent that requires premedication is:
Answer: Amphotericin B
46. Amphotericin B is the treatment of choice for:
Answer: Cryptococcal meningitis
47. The lipid formulation of Amphotericin B that is less nephrotoxic
is:
Answer: Abelcet
