KIN 211 MIDTERM 1 QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE ALREADY GRADED A+
Motor behaviour subdisciplines - (ANSWER)1. Motor control
2. Motor learning/skill aquisition
3. Motor development
Constraints - (ANSWER)Affect how we move/learn
3 types:
1. task
2. environmental
3. individual
Motor control - (ANSWER)-Determine what constrains the neuromuscular system to carry out
movements
-CNS plans & executes movements
-Interaction between the CNS & incoming sensory & environmental factors that constrain & promote
movement
Motor learning - (ANSWER)-Observed behaviour that is a function of *practice* & *experience*
-Process of skill acquisition
-Relatively *permanent* change in motor behaviour that arises from practice or experience
-Cannot be directly observed, only inferred
Video as a tool to study motor behaviour - (ANSWER)-motion tracking may be used to gain kinematic
info
-eye-tracking
,KIN 211 MIDTERM 1 QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE ALREADY GRADED A+
Electromyography (EMG) - (ANSWER)-measures *muscle activity*
-provides info about sensory processing times
Electroencephalography (EEG) - (ANSWER)-measures *brain activity*
-Time-sensitive → can see how quickly areas of the brain respond
-Advantage: good *temporal resolution* (see immediate changes)
-Limitation: only captures activity at cortical surface so spatially limited; can't see specific brain regions
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) - (ANSWER)-Measure of brain function
-Measures *blood flow*
-MRI images formed by magnetic fields & radio frequency pulses
-Measures BOLD signal (blood oxygen level dependent) during "activity"
-Advantage: high spatial resolution (deep resolution in the brain)
-Limitation: not good temporal resolution; expensive
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) - (ANSWER)-Not a measure but a tool to probe brain activity
-Generates a pulsed magnetic field
-Causes neurons in specific part of the brain (under the coil) to depolarize or hyperpolarize
-Excite: elicits contraction in contralateral muscles (see with EMG)
-Inhibit: can accuse temporary "virtual lesions" (interrupt processes)
Skill - (ANSWER)-a *goal-directed* action or task
-indicator of ability → the ability to bring about some predetermined end result with maximum certainty
& minimum outlay of energy or time
, KIN 211 MIDTERM 1 QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE ALREADY GRADED A+
Criteria of a motor skill - (ANSWER)1. *Goal-oriented* (different to movements → goal not necessary)
-Well-defined goal achieved by:
-Maximizing the certainty of goal achievement
-Minimizing the physical & mental energy costs of the performance
-Minimizing the time used
2. Movement must be *voluntary* (not reflexive)
3. Body &/or limb movements are required to accomplish the goal (different to cognitive skills)
4. Result of *practice*; needs to be learned/relearned
3 key elements of skills - (ANSWER)1. Perceiving the relevant environmental features
2. Deciding what to do & where & when to do it to achieve the goal
3. Producing organized muscular activity to generate movements that achieve the goal
Parts of movements - (ANSWER)postural
body transport
3 general types of motor skill classification systems - (ANSWER)1. Gross ↔ fine
2. Discrete ↔ serial ↔ continuous
3. Open ↔ closed
How would the motor skill of dribbling be classified? - (ANSWER)gross, continuous, open
How would the motor skill of a free throw shot be classified? - (ANSWER)gross, discrete, mostly closed
LATEST UPDATE ALREADY GRADED A+
Motor behaviour subdisciplines - (ANSWER)1. Motor control
2. Motor learning/skill aquisition
3. Motor development
Constraints - (ANSWER)Affect how we move/learn
3 types:
1. task
2. environmental
3. individual
Motor control - (ANSWER)-Determine what constrains the neuromuscular system to carry out
movements
-CNS plans & executes movements
-Interaction between the CNS & incoming sensory & environmental factors that constrain & promote
movement
Motor learning - (ANSWER)-Observed behaviour that is a function of *practice* & *experience*
-Process of skill acquisition
-Relatively *permanent* change in motor behaviour that arises from practice or experience
-Cannot be directly observed, only inferred
Video as a tool to study motor behaviour - (ANSWER)-motion tracking may be used to gain kinematic
info
-eye-tracking
,KIN 211 MIDTERM 1 QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE ALREADY GRADED A+
Electromyography (EMG) - (ANSWER)-measures *muscle activity*
-provides info about sensory processing times
Electroencephalography (EEG) - (ANSWER)-measures *brain activity*
-Time-sensitive → can see how quickly areas of the brain respond
-Advantage: good *temporal resolution* (see immediate changes)
-Limitation: only captures activity at cortical surface so spatially limited; can't see specific brain regions
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) - (ANSWER)-Measure of brain function
-Measures *blood flow*
-MRI images formed by magnetic fields & radio frequency pulses
-Measures BOLD signal (blood oxygen level dependent) during "activity"
-Advantage: high spatial resolution (deep resolution in the brain)
-Limitation: not good temporal resolution; expensive
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) - (ANSWER)-Not a measure but a tool to probe brain activity
-Generates a pulsed magnetic field
-Causes neurons in specific part of the brain (under the coil) to depolarize or hyperpolarize
-Excite: elicits contraction in contralateral muscles (see with EMG)
-Inhibit: can accuse temporary "virtual lesions" (interrupt processes)
Skill - (ANSWER)-a *goal-directed* action or task
-indicator of ability → the ability to bring about some predetermined end result with maximum certainty
& minimum outlay of energy or time
, KIN 211 MIDTERM 1 QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE ALREADY GRADED A+
Criteria of a motor skill - (ANSWER)1. *Goal-oriented* (different to movements → goal not necessary)
-Well-defined goal achieved by:
-Maximizing the certainty of goal achievement
-Minimizing the physical & mental energy costs of the performance
-Minimizing the time used
2. Movement must be *voluntary* (not reflexive)
3. Body &/or limb movements are required to accomplish the goal (different to cognitive skills)
4. Result of *practice*; needs to be learned/relearned
3 key elements of skills - (ANSWER)1. Perceiving the relevant environmental features
2. Deciding what to do & where & when to do it to achieve the goal
3. Producing organized muscular activity to generate movements that achieve the goal
Parts of movements - (ANSWER)postural
body transport
3 general types of motor skill classification systems - (ANSWER)1. Gross ↔ fine
2. Discrete ↔ serial ↔ continuous
3. Open ↔ closed
How would the motor skill of dribbling be classified? - (ANSWER)gross, continuous, open
How would the motor skill of a free throw shot be classified? - (ANSWER)gross, discrete, mostly closed
