FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
12TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. POTTER;
ANNE G. PERRY; PATRICIA A.
STOCKERT; AMY HALL; WENDY
R. OSTENDORF
TEST BANK
,Question 1
A newly licensed registered nurse asks a preceptor what
characteristic best distinguishes nursing as a profession from an
occupation. Which response by the preceptor is most accurate?
A. A profession is based on specialized knowledge, ethical
standards, and accountability to the public.
B. A profession primarily focuses on completing assigned tasks
efficiently.
C. A profession requires employees to work only in hospitals.
D. A profession allows individuals to practice without continuing
education.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
A profession is characterized by a specialized body of
knowledge, a commitment to ethical practice, accountability,
evidence-based care, and service to society. Nursing meets
these criteria through professional standards, licensure,
continuing competence, and a code of ethics. Task completion
alone does not define professional nursing, and nurses practice
in many settings beyond hospitals.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for four clients at the beginning of the shift.
Which client should the nurse assess first?
,A. A client requesting assistance to the bathroom.
B. A client reporting sudden shortness of breath and chest
discomfort.
C. A client asking for discharge instructions.
D. A client requesting pain medication for chronic arthritis pain
rated 4 out of 10.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The nurse should prioritize clients with actual or potential
threats to life using clinical judgment and prioritization
principles. Sudden shortness of breath and chest discomfort
may indicate a life-threatening cardiopulmonary emergency
requiring immediate assessment. The remaining clients have
important but less urgent needs.
Question 3
A nursing student asks why evidence-based practice is
emphasized during orientation. Which response by the
instructor is best?
A. It ensures every nurse provides identical care regardless of
client preferences.
B. It combines current research, clinical expertise, and patient
values to guide care.
C. It replaces the need for nursing assessment.
D. It eliminates clinical judgment during decision-making.
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Evidence-based practice integrates the best available scientific
evidence, clinical expertise, and the patient's preferences and
values to achieve optimal outcomes. Nursing assessment and
clinical judgment remain essential components of safe,
individualized care.
Question 4
A nurse notices that another nurse administered a medication
without verifying the client's identity using two identifiers.
What is the nurse's priority action?
A. Ignore the event because no injury occurred.
B. Report the unsafe practice through the appropriate chain of
communication according to facility policy.
C. Wait until the end of the month to discuss the issue.
D. Tell other staff members about the incident during lunch.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Patient safety is a professional responsibility. Unsafe practices
should be addressed promptly through appropriate reporting
procedures to protect patients and improve systems. Ignoring
the situation or discussing it informally does not promote a
culture of safety.
12TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. POTTER;
ANNE G. PERRY; PATRICIA A.
STOCKERT; AMY HALL; WENDY
R. OSTENDORF
TEST BANK
,Question 1
A newly licensed registered nurse asks a preceptor what
characteristic best distinguishes nursing as a profession from an
occupation. Which response by the preceptor is most accurate?
A. A profession is based on specialized knowledge, ethical
standards, and accountability to the public.
B. A profession primarily focuses on completing assigned tasks
efficiently.
C. A profession requires employees to work only in hospitals.
D. A profession allows individuals to practice without continuing
education.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
A profession is characterized by a specialized body of
knowledge, a commitment to ethical practice, accountability,
evidence-based care, and service to society. Nursing meets
these criteria through professional standards, licensure,
continuing competence, and a code of ethics. Task completion
alone does not define professional nursing, and nurses practice
in many settings beyond hospitals.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for four clients at the beginning of the shift.
Which client should the nurse assess first?
,A. A client requesting assistance to the bathroom.
B. A client reporting sudden shortness of breath and chest
discomfort.
C. A client asking for discharge instructions.
D. A client requesting pain medication for chronic arthritis pain
rated 4 out of 10.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The nurse should prioritize clients with actual or potential
threats to life using clinical judgment and prioritization
principles. Sudden shortness of breath and chest discomfort
may indicate a life-threatening cardiopulmonary emergency
requiring immediate assessment. The remaining clients have
important but less urgent needs.
Question 3
A nursing student asks why evidence-based practice is
emphasized during orientation. Which response by the
instructor is best?
A. It ensures every nurse provides identical care regardless of
client preferences.
B. It combines current research, clinical expertise, and patient
values to guide care.
C. It replaces the need for nursing assessment.
D. It eliminates clinical judgment during decision-making.
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Evidence-based practice integrates the best available scientific
evidence, clinical expertise, and the patient's preferences and
values to achieve optimal outcomes. Nursing assessment and
clinical judgment remain essential components of safe,
individualized care.
Question 4
A nurse notices that another nurse administered a medication
without verifying the client's identity using two identifiers.
What is the nurse's priority action?
A. Ignore the event because no injury occurred.
B. Report the unsafe practice through the appropriate chain of
communication according to facility policy.
C. Wait until the end of the month to discuss the issue.
D. Tell other staff members about the incident during lunch.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Patient safety is a professional responsibility. Unsafe practices
should be addressed promptly through appropriate reporting
procedures to protect patients and improve systems. Ignoring
the situation or discussing it informally does not promote a
culture of safety.
