BIOS 251 Human Anatomy, Physiology & Basic Chemistry — Comprehensive Study Guide | HighYield Notes | Updated 2025

BIOS 251 Human Anatomy, Physiology & Basic
Chemistry — Comprehensive Study Guide | High-
Yield Notes | Updated 2025

Anatomy - ANSW✔฀The study of body structure



Physiology - ANSW✔฀The study of body parts and how they interact with one another



Anatomical Position - ANSW✔฀Reference point for all directions and regions of the human body.
Subject faces the observer while standing erect, with arms at both sides of the body, palms of the hands
facing forward, and feet flat on the floor.



Axial - ANSW✔฀Represents core of body, includes all structures except the upper and lower
appendages (arms and legs)



Cephalic - ANSW✔฀Head



Cervical - ANSW✔฀Neck



Thoracic - ANSW✔฀Chest



Abdominal - ANSW✔฀Belly



Pelvic - ANSW✔฀Hip

, Pubic - ANSW✔฀Groin



Nuchal - ANSW✔฀Back of the neck



Appendicular - ANSW✔฀Includes upper and lower appendages



Axillary - ANSW✔฀Armpit



Brachial - ANSW✔฀Upper arm



Antecubital - ANSW✔฀Front of the elbow



Antebrachial - ANSW✔฀Forearm



Carpal - ANSW✔฀Wrist



Palmar - ANSW✔฀Palm



Pollex - ANSW✔฀Thumb



Digital or phalangeal - ANSW✔฀Fingers



Femoral - ANSW✔฀Thigh



Patellar - ANSW✔฀Anterior surface of the knee



Crural - ANSW✔฀Leg