NU 131 NURSING AND HEALTHCARE 1 EXAM 1 (PDF) | 2026
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS + RATIONALES | STUDY
GUIDE | 100% CORRECT
1. A nurse is collecting data on a patient. Which type of data includes the patient's feelings,
perceptions, and reported symptoms?
A) Objective data
B) Clinical data
C) Subjective data
D) Reflective data
Correct Answer: C) Subjective data
Rationale: Subjective data are information reported by the patient, including their feelings,
perceptions, and symptoms . This is contrasted with objective data, which are measurable and
observable findings. Subjective data are essential to the assessment phase of the nursing process.
2. A nurse is creating a study environment for effective learning. Which characteristic is most
important for this environment?
A) Loud and distracting to simulate a clinical setting
B) Shared with friends to encourage social interaction
C) Comfortable, organized, and conducive to sustained focus
D) Limited to the immediate time before an exam
Correct Answer: C) Comfortable, organized, and conducive to sustained focus
Rationale: For effective learning, the study environment should be comfortable and organized to
support sustained concentration . Distractions and a lack of organization can hinder focus and
information retention.
3. What is the purpose of the Nurse Practice Act (NPA)?
,A) To define the roles of all healthcare workers
B) To regulate nursing practice and protect the public
C) To establish a national nursing curriculum
D) To determine hospital staffing ratios
Correct Answer: B) To regulate nursing practice and protect the public
Rationale: The Nurse Practice Act is based on state legislation aimed at protecting the public by
regulating nursing practice . It defines nursing, sets educational requirements and legal titles, and
establishes State Boards of Nursing to enforce standards.
4. In a nursing care plan, when a patient does not meet established goals, what is the appropriate
nursing action?
A) Discontinue the care plan
B) Document the patient's failure to meet goals
C) Review and revise the goals and interventions
D) Report the patient's non-compliance to the provider
Correct Answer: C) Review and revise the goals and interventions
Rationale: The nursing process is dynamic. If a patient does not meet a goal, the nurse should
review and revise the care plan . This may involve adjusting the goal, modifying interventions, or
reassessing the patient's status.
5. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), what is the definition of health?
A) The absence of disease or infirmity
B) A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
C) The ability to perform activities of daily living
D) A balance between physical and emotional states
,Correct Answer: B) A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
Rationale: The WHO defines health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-
being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity . This holistic definition is foundational to
modern nursing practice.
6. A patient is receiving physical therapy after a stroke to regain mobility. This is an example of
which level of prevention?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Health promotion
Correct Answer: C) Tertiary prevention
Rationale: Tertiary prevention focuses on restoring function and compensating for losses after a
disease or injury has occurred . Rehabilitation after a stroke is a classic example of tertiary
prevention.
7. Which level of prevention is a nurse implementing when providing education on healthy
eating to a community group?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Disease management
Correct Answer: A) Primary prevention
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs . Health education on
nutrition is a primary prevention strategy because it seeks to promote wellness and prevent the
onset of disease.
, 8. A nurse uses therapeutic communication to create an understanding and decrease anxiety.
Which is a component of therapeutic communication?
A) Giving advice
B) Using complex medical terms
C) Empathy
D) Changing the subject
Correct Answer: C) Empathy
Rationale: Empathy, the ability to understand and share the feelings of another, is a key
component of therapeutic communication . It helps build trust and rapport with the patient.
9. Florence Nightingale is known for her contributions to nursing. Which of the following was a
key aspect of her work?
A) Founding the American Red Cross
B) Advocating for the mentally ill
C) Emphasizing the importance of a clean environment and careful observation
D) Developing the first nursing licensure exam
Correct Answer: C) Emphasizing the importance of a clean environment and careful observation
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is considered the founder of modern nursing and emphasized the
impact of the environment on health . Her work during the Crimean War, where she improved
sanitation and reduced the death rate, is a testament to this principle.
10. Lillian Wald is a significant historical figure in nursing. What was her primary contribution?
A) Establishing the first nursing school in England
B) Founding the American Red Cross
C) Pioneering public health nursing by founding the Henry Street Settlement
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS + RATIONALES | STUDY
GUIDE | 100% CORRECT
1. A nurse is collecting data on a patient. Which type of data includes the patient's feelings,
perceptions, and reported symptoms?
A) Objective data
B) Clinical data
C) Subjective data
D) Reflective data
Correct Answer: C) Subjective data
Rationale: Subjective data are information reported by the patient, including their feelings,
perceptions, and symptoms . This is contrasted with objective data, which are measurable and
observable findings. Subjective data are essential to the assessment phase of the nursing process.
2. A nurse is creating a study environment for effective learning. Which characteristic is most
important for this environment?
A) Loud and distracting to simulate a clinical setting
B) Shared with friends to encourage social interaction
C) Comfortable, organized, and conducive to sustained focus
D) Limited to the immediate time before an exam
Correct Answer: C) Comfortable, organized, and conducive to sustained focus
Rationale: For effective learning, the study environment should be comfortable and organized to
support sustained concentration . Distractions and a lack of organization can hinder focus and
information retention.
3. What is the purpose of the Nurse Practice Act (NPA)?
,A) To define the roles of all healthcare workers
B) To regulate nursing practice and protect the public
C) To establish a national nursing curriculum
D) To determine hospital staffing ratios
Correct Answer: B) To regulate nursing practice and protect the public
Rationale: The Nurse Practice Act is based on state legislation aimed at protecting the public by
regulating nursing practice . It defines nursing, sets educational requirements and legal titles, and
establishes State Boards of Nursing to enforce standards.
4. In a nursing care plan, when a patient does not meet established goals, what is the appropriate
nursing action?
A) Discontinue the care plan
B) Document the patient's failure to meet goals
C) Review and revise the goals and interventions
D) Report the patient's non-compliance to the provider
Correct Answer: C) Review and revise the goals and interventions
Rationale: The nursing process is dynamic. If a patient does not meet a goal, the nurse should
review and revise the care plan . This may involve adjusting the goal, modifying interventions, or
reassessing the patient's status.
5. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), what is the definition of health?
A) The absence of disease or infirmity
B) A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
C) The ability to perform activities of daily living
D) A balance between physical and emotional states
,Correct Answer: B) A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
Rationale: The WHO defines health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-
being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity . This holistic definition is foundational to
modern nursing practice.
6. A patient is receiving physical therapy after a stroke to regain mobility. This is an example of
which level of prevention?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Health promotion
Correct Answer: C) Tertiary prevention
Rationale: Tertiary prevention focuses on restoring function and compensating for losses after a
disease or injury has occurred . Rehabilitation after a stroke is a classic example of tertiary
prevention.
7. Which level of prevention is a nurse implementing when providing education on healthy
eating to a community group?
A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Disease management
Correct Answer: A) Primary prevention
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs . Health education on
nutrition is a primary prevention strategy because it seeks to promote wellness and prevent the
onset of disease.
, 8. A nurse uses therapeutic communication to create an understanding and decrease anxiety.
Which is a component of therapeutic communication?
A) Giving advice
B) Using complex medical terms
C) Empathy
D) Changing the subject
Correct Answer: C) Empathy
Rationale: Empathy, the ability to understand and share the feelings of another, is a key
component of therapeutic communication . It helps build trust and rapport with the patient.
9. Florence Nightingale is known for her contributions to nursing. Which of the following was a
key aspect of her work?
A) Founding the American Red Cross
B) Advocating for the mentally ill
C) Emphasizing the importance of a clean environment and careful observation
D) Developing the first nursing licensure exam
Correct Answer: C) Emphasizing the importance of a clean environment and careful observation
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is considered the founder of modern nursing and emphasized the
impact of the environment on health . Her work during the Crimean War, where she improved
sanitation and reduced the death rate, is a testament to this principle.
10. Lillian Wald is a significant historical figure in nursing. What was her primary contribution?
A) Establishing the first nursing school in England
B) Founding the American Red Cross
C) Pioneering public health nursing by founding the Henry Street Settlement
