Page 1 of 198
Medical-Surgical Nursing EXAM LATEST
VERSION WITH COMPLETE 300 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED SOLUTIONS JUST
RELEASED THIS YEAR
Medical-Surgical Nursing — 300 Comprehensive Practice Questions
BLOCK 1 — Cardiovascular System (Questions 1-30)
Question 1: A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which laboratory value
should the nurse monitor most closely?
A) Serum potassium
B) Serum sodium
C) Serum calcium
D) Serum magnesium
Answer: A) Serum potassium
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium wasting. Hypokalemia can lead
to cardiac dysrhythmias, especially in patients taking digoxin. Serum potassium should be
monitored closely.
1
SUCCESS!
,Page 2 of 198
Question 2: A patient with acute myocardial infarction is receiving supplemental oxygen. Which
oxygen saturation target is appropriate for a patient without COPD?
A) 88-92%
B) 90-95%
C) 92-96%
D) 94-99%
Answer: D) 94-99%
Rationale: For patients with acute MI without COPD, the target SpO2 is 94-99% to ensure
adequate tissue oxygenation without causing oxygen toxicity. For COPD patients, the target is
typically 88-92%.
Question 3: A patient is 2 days post-cardiac catheterization via the femoral artery. The nurse
notes a small amount of bleeding at the insertion site. What is the priority nursing action?
A) Apply direct pressure 1 inch above the site
B) Apply direct pressure 1 inch below the site
2
SUCCESS!
,Page 3 of 198
C) Apply direct pressure directly over the site
D) Remove the dressing and assess the site
Answer: C) Apply direct pressure directly over the site
Rationale: For bleeding at a catheterization site, direct pressure should be applied directly over
the site to achieve hemostasis. Pressure should be maintained for at least 15-20 minutes, and
the provider should be notified.
Question 4: A patient with heart failure is prescribed digoxin. Which finding indicates digoxin
toxicity?
A) Heart rate of 72 bpm
B) Serum digoxin level of 1.2 ng/mL
C) Yellow-green halos around lights
D) Blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg
Answer: C) Yellow-green halos around lights
Rationale: Visual disturbances, including yellow-green halos around lights (xanthopsia), are
classic signs of digoxin toxicity. Therapeutic digoxin levels are 0.8-2.0 ng/mL. Other signs include
nausea, vomiting, bradycardia, and cardiac dysrhythmias.
3
SUCCESS!
, Page 4 of 198
Question 5: A patient with hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. Which side effect is most
important to monitor?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Hyponatremia
Answer: A) Hyperkalemia
Rationale: ACE inhibitors (lisinopril) can cause hyperkalemia by reducing aldosterone secretion.
Patients should be monitored for elevated potassium levels, especially those with renal
impairment or taking potassium supplements.
Question 6: A patient with unstable angina is prescribed nitroglycerin sublingual. What
instruction should the nurse provide?
A) Take one tablet every 15 minutes for up to 3 doses
B) Take one tablet every 5 minutes for up to 3 doses
4
SUCCESS!
Medical-Surgical Nursing EXAM LATEST
VERSION WITH COMPLETE 300 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED SOLUTIONS JUST
RELEASED THIS YEAR
Medical-Surgical Nursing — 300 Comprehensive Practice Questions
BLOCK 1 — Cardiovascular System (Questions 1-30)
Question 1: A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which laboratory value
should the nurse monitor most closely?
A) Serum potassium
B) Serum sodium
C) Serum calcium
D) Serum magnesium
Answer: A) Serum potassium
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium wasting. Hypokalemia can lead
to cardiac dysrhythmias, especially in patients taking digoxin. Serum potassium should be
monitored closely.
1
SUCCESS!
,Page 2 of 198
Question 2: A patient with acute myocardial infarction is receiving supplemental oxygen. Which
oxygen saturation target is appropriate for a patient without COPD?
A) 88-92%
B) 90-95%
C) 92-96%
D) 94-99%
Answer: D) 94-99%
Rationale: For patients with acute MI without COPD, the target SpO2 is 94-99% to ensure
adequate tissue oxygenation without causing oxygen toxicity. For COPD patients, the target is
typically 88-92%.
Question 3: A patient is 2 days post-cardiac catheterization via the femoral artery. The nurse
notes a small amount of bleeding at the insertion site. What is the priority nursing action?
A) Apply direct pressure 1 inch above the site
B) Apply direct pressure 1 inch below the site
2
SUCCESS!
,Page 3 of 198
C) Apply direct pressure directly over the site
D) Remove the dressing and assess the site
Answer: C) Apply direct pressure directly over the site
Rationale: For bleeding at a catheterization site, direct pressure should be applied directly over
the site to achieve hemostasis. Pressure should be maintained for at least 15-20 minutes, and
the provider should be notified.
Question 4: A patient with heart failure is prescribed digoxin. Which finding indicates digoxin
toxicity?
A) Heart rate of 72 bpm
B) Serum digoxin level of 1.2 ng/mL
C) Yellow-green halos around lights
D) Blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg
Answer: C) Yellow-green halos around lights
Rationale: Visual disturbances, including yellow-green halos around lights (xanthopsia), are
classic signs of digoxin toxicity. Therapeutic digoxin levels are 0.8-2.0 ng/mL. Other signs include
nausea, vomiting, bradycardia, and cardiac dysrhythmias.
3
SUCCESS!
, Page 4 of 198
Question 5: A patient with hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. Which side effect is most
important to monitor?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Hyponatremia
Answer: A) Hyperkalemia
Rationale: ACE inhibitors (lisinopril) can cause hyperkalemia by reducing aldosterone secretion.
Patients should be monitored for elevated potassium levels, especially those with renal
impairment or taking potassium supplements.
Question 6: A patient with unstable angina is prescribed nitroglycerin sublingual. What
instruction should the nurse provide?
A) Take one tablet every 15 minutes for up to 3 doses
B) Take one tablet every 5 minutes for up to 3 doses
4
SUCCESS!
