Page 1 of 194
NSG 3850 Exam 2 Patho 2 EXAM ALL 300
RANDOMIZED PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS & RATIONALES LATEST VERSION THIS
YEAR
1. Which finding is indicative of a left tension pneumothorax?
A) Coarse crackles throughout the left chest
B) Tracheal deviation to the left
C) Absent breath sounds on the left
D) Respiratory acidosis
Answer: C In a tension pneumothorax, air accumulates in the pleural space, causing lung collapse and
mediastinal shift. Breath sounds are absent on the affected side due to lung compression. Tracheal
deviation occurs away from the affected side, not toward it.
, Page 2 of 194
2. A patient with a productive cough and parenchymal infiltrates on chest X-ray is demonstrating
symptomatology of which condition?
A) Bacterial pneumonia
B) Viral pneumonia
C) Tuberculosis
D) Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Answer: A Bacterial pneumonia typically presents with a productive cough and parenchymal infiltrates on
imaging. Viral pneumonia often presents with a non-productive cough; tuberculosis has a more insidious
onset with systemic symptoms; ARDS is characterized by diffuse infiltrates and severe hypoxemia.
3. Which disease is caused by the inhalation of organic substances such as moldy hay or bird
droppings?
A) Diffuse interstitial lung disease
, Page 3 of 194
B) Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
C) Sarcoidosis
D) Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Answer: B Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is an inflammatory lung disease caused by repeated inhalation of
organic dusts or chemicals. Common triggers include moldy hay (farmer's lung) and bird droppings
(pigeon breeder's lung).
4. Empyema is defined as:
A) Exudative bronchitis
B) Infection in the pleural space
C) Infection localized in the lung
D) Infection in the blood
Answer: B Empyema is a collection of pus in the pleural space, typically occurring as a complication of
pneumonia, lung abscess, or thoracic surgery.
, Page 4 of 194
5. A patient with flail chest will demonstrate:
A) Absence of chest movement with breaths
B) No inspiratory breath sounds
C) Fluttering chest movements on expiration
D) Outward chest movement on expiration
Answer: D Flail chest results from multiple rib fractures, causing a segment of the chest wall to move
paradoxically. During inspiration, the flail segment moves inward; during expiration, it moves outward.
6. Obstructive sleep apnea would most likely be found in a patient diagnosed with which condition?
A) Myasthenia gravis
B) Poliomyelitis
C) Pickwickian syndrome
D) Pneumonia
NSG 3850 Exam 2 Patho 2 EXAM ALL 300
RANDOMIZED PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS & RATIONALES LATEST VERSION THIS
YEAR
1. Which finding is indicative of a left tension pneumothorax?
A) Coarse crackles throughout the left chest
B) Tracheal deviation to the left
C) Absent breath sounds on the left
D) Respiratory acidosis
Answer: C In a tension pneumothorax, air accumulates in the pleural space, causing lung collapse and
mediastinal shift. Breath sounds are absent on the affected side due to lung compression. Tracheal
deviation occurs away from the affected side, not toward it.
, Page 2 of 194
2. A patient with a productive cough and parenchymal infiltrates on chest X-ray is demonstrating
symptomatology of which condition?
A) Bacterial pneumonia
B) Viral pneumonia
C) Tuberculosis
D) Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Answer: A Bacterial pneumonia typically presents with a productive cough and parenchymal infiltrates on
imaging. Viral pneumonia often presents with a non-productive cough; tuberculosis has a more insidious
onset with systemic symptoms; ARDS is characterized by diffuse infiltrates and severe hypoxemia.
3. Which disease is caused by the inhalation of organic substances such as moldy hay or bird
droppings?
A) Diffuse interstitial lung disease
, Page 3 of 194
B) Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
C) Sarcoidosis
D) Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Answer: B Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is an inflammatory lung disease caused by repeated inhalation of
organic dusts or chemicals. Common triggers include moldy hay (farmer's lung) and bird droppings
(pigeon breeder's lung).
4. Empyema is defined as:
A) Exudative bronchitis
B) Infection in the pleural space
C) Infection localized in the lung
D) Infection in the blood
Answer: B Empyema is a collection of pus in the pleural space, typically occurring as a complication of
pneumonia, lung abscess, or thoracic surgery.
, Page 4 of 194
5. A patient with flail chest will demonstrate:
A) Absence of chest movement with breaths
B) No inspiratory breath sounds
C) Fluttering chest movements on expiration
D) Outward chest movement on expiration
Answer: D Flail chest results from multiple rib fractures, causing a segment of the chest wall to move
paradoxically. During inspiration, the flail segment moves inward; during expiration, it moves outward.
6. Obstructive sleep apnea would most likely be found in a patient diagnosed with which condition?
A) Myasthenia gravis
B) Poliomyelitis
C) Pickwickian syndrome
D) Pneumonia
