ACS GENERALBIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW|VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS|RATED AND GRADED A+ NEW UPDATE| 2026/2027
enantiomers - ANSWER✔ D and L stereoisomers of a sugar. Mirror image of -OH and -H group around
the chiral carbon.
hemiacetal - ANSWER✔ is an organic compound formed from an aldehyde or ketone & an alcohol.
involved in cyclization of sugars.
reducing sugars - ANSWER✔ contain a free aldehyde that can add an electron to reduce other
molecules
isoelectric point - ANSWER✔ pH at which a particular molecule carries no net electrical charge.
amino terminus - ANSWER✔ end of a protein with the free amino group (NH3) beginning of protein
carboxyl terminus - ANSWER✔ the end of the amino acid with the carboxyl group
hydrogen bond - ANSWER✔ A type of weak chemical bond formed when the partially positive
hydrogen atom participating in a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the partially
negative atom participating in a polar covalent bond in another molecule (or in another part of the same
macromolecule).
van der Waals forces - ANSWER✔ Attractive forces between separate molecules (not the bonds
between atoms) caused by positively and negatively charged regions within a molecule.
ionic bond - ANSWER✔ a chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion
and the other atom gains to electron to form a negative ion
amide bond - ANSWER✔ (peptide bond) Bond that forms between carboxylic acids and amines. It
links two aa's together.
DETAILED ANSWERS|RATED AND GRADED A+ NEW UPDATE| 2026/2027
enantiomers - ANSWER✔ D and L stereoisomers of a sugar. Mirror image of -OH and -H group around
the chiral carbon.
hemiacetal - ANSWER✔ is an organic compound formed from an aldehyde or ketone & an alcohol.
involved in cyclization of sugars.
reducing sugars - ANSWER✔ contain a free aldehyde that can add an electron to reduce other
molecules
isoelectric point - ANSWER✔ pH at which a particular molecule carries no net electrical charge.
amino terminus - ANSWER✔ end of a protein with the free amino group (NH3) beginning of protein
carboxyl terminus - ANSWER✔ the end of the amino acid with the carboxyl group
hydrogen bond - ANSWER✔ A type of weak chemical bond formed when the partially positive
hydrogen atom participating in a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the partially
negative atom participating in a polar covalent bond in another molecule (or in another part of the same
macromolecule).
van der Waals forces - ANSWER✔ Attractive forces between separate molecules (not the bonds
between atoms) caused by positively and negatively charged regions within a molecule.
ionic bond - ANSWER✔ a chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion
and the other atom gains to electron to form a negative ion
amide bond - ANSWER✔ (peptide bond) Bond that forms between carboxylic acids and amines. It
links two aa's together.
