2026 Edition Fundamentals of Nursing
Practice Exam questions and verified
answers with rationale
1. What is the primary goal of nursing care?
A. To diagnose diseases independently
B. To promote, maintain, and restore health
C. To prescribe medications
D. To perform laboratory investigations
Answer: B. To promote, maintain, and restore health
Rationale: Nursing focuses on promoting health, preventing
illness, restoring health, and supporting patients throughout
the continuum of care.
2. Which principle guides nurses to respect patients' right to
make their own decisions?
A. Beneficence
B. Justice
C. Autonomy
D. Fidelity
Answer: C. Autonomy
Rationale: Autonomy recognises every competent patient's
right to make informed decisions regarding their healthcare.
,3. Which phase of the nursing process involves collecting
patient information?
A. Planning
B. Assessment
C. Evaluation
D. Implementation
Answer: B. Assessment
Rationale: Assessment is the systematic collection of
subjective and objective data to understand the patient's
health status.
4. Which component is considered objective data?
A. Patient reports pain
B. Patient feels dizzy
C. Temperature of 38.5°C
D. Patient feels anxious
Answer: C. Temperature of 38.5°C
Rationale: Objective data are measurable observations
obtained through physical examination or diagnostic
equipment.
5. Which is the correct sequence of the nursing process?
A. Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation,
Evaluation
,B. Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Evaluation,
Implementation
C. Planning, Assessment, Diagnosis, Evaluation,
Implementation
D. Assessment, Planning, Diagnosis, Evaluation,
Implementation
Answer: A. Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning,
Implementation, Evaluation
Rationale: The nursing process follows a logical sequence that
supports systematic patient care.
6. Which communication technique demonstrates active
listening?
A. Interrupting frequently
B. Maintaining eye contact and summarising
C. Giving advice immediately
D. Changing the topic
Answer: B. Maintaining eye contact and summarising
Rationale: Active listening involves attentive behaviours that
encourage patients to share accurate information.
7. Which vital sign is normally measured in breaths per
minute?
A. Pulse
B. Blood pressure
, C. Respiration
D. Temperature
Answer: C. Respiration
Rationale: Respiratory rate measures the number of breaths
taken each minute.
8. Which infection control measure is the single most
effective way to prevent disease transmission?
A. Wearing gloves
B. Hand hygiene
C. Wearing masks
D. Isolation
Answer: B. Hand hygiene
Rationale: Proper hand hygiene significantly reduces the
transmission of microorganisms in healthcare settings.
9. Which document serves as a legal record of nursing care?
A. Patient diary
B. Nursing documentation
C. Staff rota
D. Inventory register
Answer: B. Nursing documentation
Rationale: Accurate documentation provides evidence of
assessment, interventions, and patient outcomes.
Practice Exam questions and verified
answers with rationale
1. What is the primary goal of nursing care?
A. To diagnose diseases independently
B. To promote, maintain, and restore health
C. To prescribe medications
D. To perform laboratory investigations
Answer: B. To promote, maintain, and restore health
Rationale: Nursing focuses on promoting health, preventing
illness, restoring health, and supporting patients throughout
the continuum of care.
2. Which principle guides nurses to respect patients' right to
make their own decisions?
A. Beneficence
B. Justice
C. Autonomy
D. Fidelity
Answer: C. Autonomy
Rationale: Autonomy recognises every competent patient's
right to make informed decisions regarding their healthcare.
,3. Which phase of the nursing process involves collecting
patient information?
A. Planning
B. Assessment
C. Evaluation
D. Implementation
Answer: B. Assessment
Rationale: Assessment is the systematic collection of
subjective and objective data to understand the patient's
health status.
4. Which component is considered objective data?
A. Patient reports pain
B. Patient feels dizzy
C. Temperature of 38.5°C
D. Patient feels anxious
Answer: C. Temperature of 38.5°C
Rationale: Objective data are measurable observations
obtained through physical examination or diagnostic
equipment.
5. Which is the correct sequence of the nursing process?
A. Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation,
Evaluation
,B. Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Evaluation,
Implementation
C. Planning, Assessment, Diagnosis, Evaluation,
Implementation
D. Assessment, Planning, Diagnosis, Evaluation,
Implementation
Answer: A. Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning,
Implementation, Evaluation
Rationale: The nursing process follows a logical sequence that
supports systematic patient care.
6. Which communication technique demonstrates active
listening?
A. Interrupting frequently
B. Maintaining eye contact and summarising
C. Giving advice immediately
D. Changing the topic
Answer: B. Maintaining eye contact and summarising
Rationale: Active listening involves attentive behaviours that
encourage patients to share accurate information.
7. Which vital sign is normally measured in breaths per
minute?
A. Pulse
B. Blood pressure
, C. Respiration
D. Temperature
Answer: C. Respiration
Rationale: Respiratory rate measures the number of breaths
taken each minute.
8. Which infection control measure is the single most
effective way to prevent disease transmission?
A. Wearing gloves
B. Hand hygiene
C. Wearing masks
D. Isolation
Answer: B. Hand hygiene
Rationale: Proper hand hygiene significantly reduces the
transmission of microorganisms in healthcare settings.
9. Which document serves as a legal record of nursing care?
A. Patient diary
B. Nursing documentation
C. Staff rota
D. Inventory register
Answer: B. Nursing documentation
Rationale: Accurate documentation provides evidence of
assessment, interventions, and patient outcomes.
