NSG 533 Advanced
Pharmacology Exam 2 2026
Exam Questions and Answers |
Already Graded A+
pain - ANSWER ✔✔the most common symptom prompting patients
to visit primary care providers. More than 80% of patients who visit
physicians report pain. Often remains under treated.
nociceptive pain - ANSWER ✔✔pain from a normal process that
results in noxious stimuli being perceived as painful. Explained by
ongoing tissue injury.
thermal, mechanical and chemical nociceptors that engage "withdrawal"
reflex followed by inflammatory response to protect injured tissue
,functional pain - ANSWER ✔✔pain sensitivity due to an abnormal
processing or function of the central nervous system in response to
normal stimuli
neruopathic pain - ANSWER ✔✔Pain caused by lesions or other
damage to the nervous system.
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy - ANSWER ✔✔progressive
deterioration of nerve function that results in loss of sensory perception
acute pain - ANSWER ✔✔is pain that occurs as a result of injury or
surgery, under 3 months. Poorly treated acute pain can cause
psychological stress and compromise the immune system. Somatic
acute pain is an injury to skin, bone, joint, muscle and connective tissue.
Visceral pain involves injury to nerves on internal organs. Treat
aggressively. Examples: cut hand, menstrual cramps.
chronic pain - ANSWER ✔✔can be intermittent or persistent, more
than 3 months. Main affects include a) effects on physical function b)
psychological changes c) social consequences and d) societal
consequences. Usually involving life threatening diseases such as
cancers, aids, progressive neurological diseases, end stage organ
failure, dementia. Management should be multimodal with cognitive
, interventions, physical manipulations, pharmacological agents, surgical
interventions, and regional or spinal anesthesia.
chronic malignant pain - ANSWER ✔✔Painn is associated with a
progressive life-threatening disease like cancer, aids, neurologic
diseases, end stage organ failure, and dementia. Goal is pain alleviation
and prevention. Dependence or addiction is not a concern. Pain not
associated with life threatening disease and lasting more than 6 months
beyond the healing period is referred to as "chronic nonmalignant pain."
What are some non-pharmacological approaches to pain? -
ANSWER ✔✔imagery, distraction, relaxation, psychotherapy,
biofeedback, cognitive behavioral therapy, support groups, and spiritual
counseling. Physical therapy, heat, cold, water, ultrasound, TENS,
massage and therapeutic exercise.
WHO 3 step analgesic ladder - ANSWER ✔✔* 1- nonopioid
* 2 - opioid for mild to moderate pain
* 3 - opioid for moderate to severe pain
WHO first step pain ladder - ANSWER ✔✔mild pain/nonopioid
analgesics such as NSAIDS or acetaminophen w/ or w/out adjuvants
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Pharmacology Exam 2 2026
Exam Questions and Answers |
Already Graded A+
pain - ANSWER ✔✔the most common symptom prompting patients
to visit primary care providers. More than 80% of patients who visit
physicians report pain. Often remains under treated.
nociceptive pain - ANSWER ✔✔pain from a normal process that
results in noxious stimuli being perceived as painful. Explained by
ongoing tissue injury.
thermal, mechanical and chemical nociceptors that engage "withdrawal"
reflex followed by inflammatory response to protect injured tissue
,functional pain - ANSWER ✔✔pain sensitivity due to an abnormal
processing or function of the central nervous system in response to
normal stimuli
neruopathic pain - ANSWER ✔✔Pain caused by lesions or other
damage to the nervous system.
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy - ANSWER ✔✔progressive
deterioration of nerve function that results in loss of sensory perception
acute pain - ANSWER ✔✔is pain that occurs as a result of injury or
surgery, under 3 months. Poorly treated acute pain can cause
psychological stress and compromise the immune system. Somatic
acute pain is an injury to skin, bone, joint, muscle and connective tissue.
Visceral pain involves injury to nerves on internal organs. Treat
aggressively. Examples: cut hand, menstrual cramps.
chronic pain - ANSWER ✔✔can be intermittent or persistent, more
than 3 months. Main affects include a) effects on physical function b)
psychological changes c) social consequences and d) societal
consequences. Usually involving life threatening diseases such as
cancers, aids, progressive neurological diseases, end stage organ
failure, dementia. Management should be multimodal with cognitive
, interventions, physical manipulations, pharmacological agents, surgical
interventions, and regional or spinal anesthesia.
chronic malignant pain - ANSWER ✔✔Painn is associated with a
progressive life-threatening disease like cancer, aids, neurologic
diseases, end stage organ failure, and dementia. Goal is pain alleviation
and prevention. Dependence or addiction is not a concern. Pain not
associated with life threatening disease and lasting more than 6 months
beyond the healing period is referred to as "chronic nonmalignant pain."
What are some non-pharmacological approaches to pain? -
ANSWER ✔✔imagery, distraction, relaxation, psychotherapy,
biofeedback, cognitive behavioral therapy, support groups, and spiritual
counseling. Physical therapy, heat, cold, water, ultrasound, TENS,
massage and therapeutic exercise.
WHO 3 step analgesic ladder - ANSWER ✔✔* 1- nonopioid
* 2 - opioid for mild to moderate pain
* 3 - opioid for moderate to severe pain
WHO first step pain ladder - ANSWER ✔✔mild pain/nonopioid
analgesics such as NSAIDS or acetaminophen w/ or w/out adjuvants
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
