CIV3701 EXAM PACK 2026
Name the four steps of decision-making for drivers - answer-Perception, Intellection,
Decision, Reaction
Describe the four steps of decision-making for drivers - answer-1. Perception, the time a
driver takes to become aware of a particular situation on the roadway
2. Intellection, the time the driver takes to understand the situation and begin to filter
through the possible reactions to a situation
3. Decision, the amount of time a driver takes to decide which action to undertake
4. Reaction, the time a driver takes to initiate the action.
What are the relationships between PI, PC, PT, T and L - answer-PI = PC + T (middle
point = PC plus half length)
PT = PC + L (end point = PC plus full length)
What are a and t - answer-a = 3.4, t = 2.5
What is the distance, speed and time equation? - answer-Us = l/t (U Bar s, and t bar)
How do you find t bar? - answer-[(length/speed)+(length/speed)+(...)]/ No. vehicles
What is Et for flat roads? - answer-2
What is Et for rolling roads? - answer-3
What are Et and Pt? - answer-Pt is the percentage of heavy vehicles, Et is the car
equivalent
When calculating D=Up/S for Level of Service, can you pick a density lower than the
calculated density when choosing the corresponding letter result? - answer-No, graph
density is the maximum. You must go higher
What are the steps that a 4-step model used to predict travel demand on a road network
consists of? - answer-Trip generation, Trip distribution, Mode choice, Traffic
Assignment.
Describe the steps of the 4-step model used to predict travel demand on a road network
consists of? - answer-Trip Generation → How many trips?
Trip Distribution → Where do trips go?
Mode Choice → How do people travel (Determines transport mode)?
Trip Assignment → Which route is used (Allocates trips to network routes)?
Name the four steps of decision-making for drivers - answer-Perception, Intellection,
Decision, Reaction
Describe the four steps of decision-making for drivers - answer-1. Perception, the time a
driver takes to become aware of a particular situation on the roadway
2. Intellection, the time the driver takes to understand the situation and begin to filter
through the possible reactions to a situation
3. Decision, the amount of time a driver takes to decide which action to undertake
4. Reaction, the time a driver takes to initiate the action.
What are the relationships between PI, PC, PT, T and L - answer-PI = PC + T (middle
point = PC plus half length)
PT = PC + L (end point = PC plus full length)
What are a and t - answer-a = 3.4, t = 2.5
What is the distance, speed and time equation? - answer-Us = l/t (U Bar s, and t bar)
How do you find t bar? - answer-[(length/speed)+(length/speed)+(...)]/ No. vehicles
What is Et for flat roads? - answer-2
What is Et for rolling roads? - answer-3
What are Et and Pt? - answer-Pt is the percentage of heavy vehicles, Et is the car
equivalent
When calculating D=Up/S for Level of Service, can you pick a density lower than the
calculated density when choosing the corresponding letter result? - answer-No, graph
density is the maximum. You must go higher
What are the steps that a 4-step model used to predict travel demand on a road network
consists of? - answer-Trip generation, Trip distribution, Mode choice, Traffic
Assignment.
Describe the steps of the 4-step model used to predict travel demand on a road network
consists of? - answer-Trip Generation → How many trips?
Trip Distribution → Where do trips go?
Mode Choice → How do people travel (Determines transport mode)?
Trip Assignment → Which route is used (Allocates trips to network routes)?
