NUR 113 EXAM 2 CORE FUNDAMENTALS OF
NURSING CONCEPTS REVIEW 2026
◉ Normal electrolyte levels?
Answer: Sodium (Na+) 135-145
Potassium (K+) 3.5-5.0
Calcium (Ca+) 8.5-10.5
Phosphorous 3.0-4.5
Magnesium (Mg) 1.3-2.1
Chloride (Cl-) 95-105
◉ Who is apart of the peri operative team?
Answer: Pre-operative nurse
Circulating nurse- manage everything in the OR setting
Post-operative nurse-Manages everything in OR; doesn't scrub in
Anesthesia personnel-manages airway
Radiology personnel- Does diagnostic test
Referral for specialty advance provider- this person would call a
specialist if needed (for example cardiologist)
Respiratory therapist
Social worker-comes into play before and after surgery
,Surgeon
Surgical technician/first assistant
Interpreter
Wound care and ostomy nurse
Additional disciplines
◉ Who maintains safety regulations/recommendations?
Answer: AORN: Association of perioperative registered nurses
ASPAN: American society of PeriAnesthesia nurses
WHO: World health organization
TJC: The joint commission
◉ What is the main concern for the patient?
Answer: Safety
◉ What should you never use as patient identifier?
Answer: Room number
◉ What are the three big things to prevent infection?
Answer: Cardiac arrest prevention
Surgical site related infection
DVT
,◉ What are surgical risk factors?
Answer: Age
Nutrition
Fluid and electrolyte
Infection
OTC
◉ What are the normal lab ranges?
Answer: PT: 11-12.5 sec
aPTT: 30-40 sec
INR: 2-3 on warfarin
Hgb: 12-18 g/dl
HCT: 37%-52%
RBC: 4-6 million
WBC: 5,000-10,000
Platelets: 150,000-400,000
Iron: 60-80 mcg/dl
◉ Normal electrolyte levels
Answer: Sodium (Na+) 135-145
Potassium (K+) 3.5-5.0
, Calcium (Ca+) 9.0-10.5
Magnesium (Mg) 1.3-2.1
Glucose 70-100
Albumin Levels 3.5-5.0
◉ Reasons for surgery and descriptions of each?
Answer: -Diagnostic{ biopsy, exploratory laparotomy}Doing the
surgery to find out what is wrong with the pt
-Curative{excision of tumor} Curing the disease
-Repair {multiple wound repair}
-Rehabilitative {joint replacement} Joint or hip replacement
-Palliative {debulking of tumor} relieves pain for things that might
not have a cure
-Transplant
-Reconstructive or Cosmetic {facelift, rhinoplasty}
◉ What are the different urgency's for surgery?
Answer: Emergent-has to happen now without delay
Urgent-within 24 to 30 hours
Required-plan within few weeks or months
Elective-failure to have surgery not catastrophic
Optional- patient's personal preference
NURSING CONCEPTS REVIEW 2026
◉ Normal electrolyte levels?
Answer: Sodium (Na+) 135-145
Potassium (K+) 3.5-5.0
Calcium (Ca+) 8.5-10.5
Phosphorous 3.0-4.5
Magnesium (Mg) 1.3-2.1
Chloride (Cl-) 95-105
◉ Who is apart of the peri operative team?
Answer: Pre-operative nurse
Circulating nurse- manage everything in the OR setting
Post-operative nurse-Manages everything in OR; doesn't scrub in
Anesthesia personnel-manages airway
Radiology personnel- Does diagnostic test
Referral for specialty advance provider- this person would call a
specialist if needed (for example cardiologist)
Respiratory therapist
Social worker-comes into play before and after surgery
,Surgeon
Surgical technician/first assistant
Interpreter
Wound care and ostomy nurse
Additional disciplines
◉ Who maintains safety regulations/recommendations?
Answer: AORN: Association of perioperative registered nurses
ASPAN: American society of PeriAnesthesia nurses
WHO: World health organization
TJC: The joint commission
◉ What is the main concern for the patient?
Answer: Safety
◉ What should you never use as patient identifier?
Answer: Room number
◉ What are the three big things to prevent infection?
Answer: Cardiac arrest prevention
Surgical site related infection
DVT
,◉ What are surgical risk factors?
Answer: Age
Nutrition
Fluid and electrolyte
Infection
OTC
◉ What are the normal lab ranges?
Answer: PT: 11-12.5 sec
aPTT: 30-40 sec
INR: 2-3 on warfarin
Hgb: 12-18 g/dl
HCT: 37%-52%
RBC: 4-6 million
WBC: 5,000-10,000
Platelets: 150,000-400,000
Iron: 60-80 mcg/dl
◉ Normal electrolyte levels
Answer: Sodium (Na+) 135-145
Potassium (K+) 3.5-5.0
, Calcium (Ca+) 9.0-10.5
Magnesium (Mg) 1.3-2.1
Glucose 70-100
Albumin Levels 3.5-5.0
◉ Reasons for surgery and descriptions of each?
Answer: -Diagnostic{ biopsy, exploratory laparotomy}Doing the
surgery to find out what is wrong with the pt
-Curative{excision of tumor} Curing the disease
-Repair {multiple wound repair}
-Rehabilitative {joint replacement} Joint or hip replacement
-Palliative {debulking of tumor} relieves pain for things that might
not have a cure
-Transplant
-Reconstructive or Cosmetic {facelift, rhinoplasty}
◉ What are the different urgency's for surgery?
Answer: Emergent-has to happen now without delay
Urgent-within 24 to 30 hours
Required-plan within few weeks or months
Elective-failure to have surgery not catastrophic
Optional- patient's personal preference
