Chapter 3 Medical Surgical Nursing Concepts and Practice Dewit
With FREQUENTLY MOST TESTED QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS @ 2026 || 2027
Acidosis - answers Excess acid or depletion of alkaline substances in the
blood and body tissues
Acidosis levels - answers pH below 7.35
Active Transport - answers Energy-requiring process that moves material
across a cell membrane against a concentration difference, active
transport may move substances from an area of lower concentration to an
area of higher concentration.
Aldosterone - answers "salt-retaining hormone" which promotes the
retention of Na+ by the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention,
which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure
Alkalosis - answers excess of alkaline or decrease of acid substances in the
blood and body fluids
Alkalosis - answers pH > 7.45
Anions - answers negatively charged ions
Cations - answers positively charged ions
, antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - answers released by the posterior pituitary,
controls how much fluid leaves the body in the urine and causes
reabsorption of water from the kidney tubules
Ascites - answers abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal
cavity
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) - answers released to stimulate renal
vasodilation when there's too much volume and suppress Aldosterone.
Increases urinary output. Congestive heart failure patients have high levels
of ANP.
Carpopedal spasm (Trousseau Sign) - answers A spasm of the hand,
thumbs, foot, or toes that accompanies tetany.
Dehydration - answers water moves from the cells into interstitial and
intravascular spaces, this movement of water out of the cells causes:
Diffusion - answers process by which substances move across the
membranes until they are evenly distributed in the available space
Edema associated with retention of water, sodium and chloride is: -
answers defined as an accumulation of freely moving interstitial fluid(fluid
surrounding the cells)
4 main causes of edema - answers increase in capillary hydrostatic
pressure
With FREQUENTLY MOST TESTED QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS @ 2026 || 2027
Acidosis - answers Excess acid or depletion of alkaline substances in the
blood and body tissues
Acidosis levels - answers pH below 7.35
Active Transport - answers Energy-requiring process that moves material
across a cell membrane against a concentration difference, active
transport may move substances from an area of lower concentration to an
area of higher concentration.
Aldosterone - answers "salt-retaining hormone" which promotes the
retention of Na+ by the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention,
which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure
Alkalosis - answers excess of alkaline or decrease of acid substances in the
blood and body fluids
Alkalosis - answers pH > 7.45
Anions - answers negatively charged ions
Cations - answers positively charged ions
, antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - answers released by the posterior pituitary,
controls how much fluid leaves the body in the urine and causes
reabsorption of water from the kidney tubules
Ascites - answers abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal
cavity
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) - answers released to stimulate renal
vasodilation when there's too much volume and suppress Aldosterone.
Increases urinary output. Congestive heart failure patients have high levels
of ANP.
Carpopedal spasm (Trousseau Sign) - answers A spasm of the hand,
thumbs, foot, or toes that accompanies tetany.
Dehydration - answers water moves from the cells into interstitial and
intravascular spaces, this movement of water out of the cells causes:
Diffusion - answers process by which substances move across the
membranes until they are evenly distributed in the available space
Edema associated with retention of water, sodium and chloride is: -
answers defined as an accumulation of freely moving interstitial fluid(fluid
surrounding the cells)
4 main causes of edema - answers increase in capillary hydrostatic
pressure
