NSG 434 EXAM 1 – NURSING CARE OF CHILDREN
(2026)
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SECTION 1: PEDIATRIC ASSESSMENT & FAMILY-
CENTERED CARE (Questions 1–60)
1. At the beginning of the school year, the school nurse
identifies several new children. Which factors place
children at high risk for adjustment problems? (Select all
that apply)
A) The child is from a middle-class family
B) The child has not attended a preschool program
C) The child exhibits signs of emotional immaturity
D) The child appears physically immature
Answer: B, C, and D
Rationale: Lack of preschool, emotional immaturity, and
,physical immaturity all heighten adjustment challenges at
school entry. Middle-class status and warm, loving
parenting are generally protective.
2. According to Erikson, the primary psychosocial task of a
toddler (1–3 years) is to develop:
A) Trust
B) Autonomy
C) Initiative
D) Industry
Answer: B) Autonomy
Rationale: Autonomy vs. shame/doubt is the toddler
stage. Trust vs. mistrust is infancy; initiative vs. guilt is
preschool; industry vs. inferiority is school-age.
3. Which best describes Piaget's cognitive stage of formal
operations?
A) Egocentric thinking and magical ideas
B) Deductive and abstract reasoning
C) Use of trial-and-error with concrete objects
D) Simple cause-and-effect reasoning only
,Answer: B) Deductive and abstract reasoning
Rationale: Formal operations (beginning around age 11) is
characterized by the ability to think abstractly, use
hypothetical reasoning, and apply deductive logic.
Egocentric thinking (A) is preoperational; trial-and-error
with concrete objects (C) is concrete operational.
4. Which developmental milestone would the nurse expect
to observe in a 4-month-old infant?
A) Sitting without support
B) Rolling from front to back
C) Pincer grasp
D) Walking with assistance
Answer: B) Rolling from front to back
Rationale: Rolling front to back typically appears by 4
months. Sitting without support is ~6–8 months, pincer
grasp ~9 months, walking with assistance ~10–12 months.
5. A mother asks why her 9-month-old cries when she
leaves the room. The nurse explains this as:
A) Separation anxiety
B) Stranger anxiety
, C) Fear of abandonment
D) Normal attachment behavior
Answer: A) Separation anxiety
Rationale: Separation anxiety typically peaks between 8–18
months. It is a normal developmental milestone indicating
healthy attachment to primary caregivers.
6. A 2-year-old child is in Piaget's preoperational stage.
Which behavior is consistent with this stage?
A) Object permanence
B) Magical thinking
C) Abstract reasoning
D) Conservation of mass
Answer: B) Magical thinking
Rationale: Magical thinking is typical in thepreoperational
stage (2–7 years). Object permanence develops in the
sensorimotor stage; abstract reasoning and conservation
come later.
7. Which reflex should be present at birth and disappear by 4–
6 months?
A) Patellar reflex
(2026)
Grand Canyon University | Complete 250-Question Test
Bank | Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales | 100%
Pass Guarantee
SECTION 1: PEDIATRIC ASSESSMENT & FAMILY-
CENTERED CARE (Questions 1–60)
1. At the beginning of the school year, the school nurse
identifies several new children. Which factors place
children at high risk for adjustment problems? (Select all
that apply)
A) The child is from a middle-class family
B) The child has not attended a preschool program
C) The child exhibits signs of emotional immaturity
D) The child appears physically immature
Answer: B, C, and D
Rationale: Lack of preschool, emotional immaturity, and
,physical immaturity all heighten adjustment challenges at
school entry. Middle-class status and warm, loving
parenting are generally protective.
2. According to Erikson, the primary psychosocial task of a
toddler (1–3 years) is to develop:
A) Trust
B) Autonomy
C) Initiative
D) Industry
Answer: B) Autonomy
Rationale: Autonomy vs. shame/doubt is the toddler
stage. Trust vs. mistrust is infancy; initiative vs. guilt is
preschool; industry vs. inferiority is school-age.
3. Which best describes Piaget's cognitive stage of formal
operations?
A) Egocentric thinking and magical ideas
B) Deductive and abstract reasoning
C) Use of trial-and-error with concrete objects
D) Simple cause-and-effect reasoning only
,Answer: B) Deductive and abstract reasoning
Rationale: Formal operations (beginning around age 11) is
characterized by the ability to think abstractly, use
hypothetical reasoning, and apply deductive logic.
Egocentric thinking (A) is preoperational; trial-and-error
with concrete objects (C) is concrete operational.
4. Which developmental milestone would the nurse expect
to observe in a 4-month-old infant?
A) Sitting without support
B) Rolling from front to back
C) Pincer grasp
D) Walking with assistance
Answer: B) Rolling from front to back
Rationale: Rolling front to back typically appears by 4
months. Sitting without support is ~6–8 months, pincer
grasp ~9 months, walking with assistance ~10–12 months.
5. A mother asks why her 9-month-old cries when she
leaves the room. The nurse explains this as:
A) Separation anxiety
B) Stranger anxiety
, C) Fear of abandonment
D) Normal attachment behavior
Answer: A) Separation anxiety
Rationale: Separation anxiety typically peaks between 8–18
months. It is a normal developmental milestone indicating
healthy attachment to primary caregivers.
6. A 2-year-old child is in Piaget's preoperational stage.
Which behavior is consistent with this stage?
A) Object permanence
B) Magical thinking
C) Abstract reasoning
D) Conservation of mass
Answer: B) Magical thinking
Rationale: Magical thinking is typical in thepreoperational
stage (2–7 years). Object permanence develops in the
sensorimotor stage; abstract reasoning and conservation
come later.
7. Which reflex should be present at birth and disappear by 4–
6 months?
A) Patellar reflex
