NMNC 2310 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Respiratory Alkalosis Causes - Answers - Hyperventilation (anxiety, fear, PE),
mechanical ventilation
Metabolic Alkalosis Causes - Answers - Vomiting, gastric suction, decreased ionized
calcium
Metabolic Acidosis Causes - Answers - Aspirin toxicity, Type 1 diabetes (DKA), renal
failure, diarrhea
Respiratory Acidosis Causes - Answers - Respiratory depression (anesthesia, OD),
airway obstruction, COPD, ARDS, PE, pneumonia
Normal ABG Values - Answers - pH 7.35-7.45 | PaCO2 35-45 | HCO3 22-26
Organs That Compensate in Acid-Base Disorders - Answers - Respiratory system and
Renal system
Metabolic Acidosis Collaborative Care - Answers - DKA: NS + insulin then glucose |
Lactic acidosis: treat cause | Renal failure: depends on pH/HCO3 | Diarrhea: fluids +
electrolytes
Metabolic Acidosis Clinical Problems - Answers - Confusion, memory issues, nutrition
problems, risk for electrolyte imbalance, injury, low CO, shock
Metabolic Alkalosis Clinical Problems - Answers - Impaired gas exchange, deficient fluid
volume
Respiratory Alkalosis Clinical Problems - Answers - Ineffective breathing pattern, risk for
electrolyte imbalance
Respiratory Acidosis Clinical Problems - Answers - Gas exchange issues, activity
intolerance, memory problems, risk for cardiac perfusion and electrolyte imbalance
Alkalosis Effect on Calcium - Answers - Increases calcium binding to albumin →
decreased ionized calcium
Hypocalcemia Symptoms - Answers - Tingling (hands/feet/face), muscle spasms,
stiffness, arrhythmias
ANSWERS
Respiratory Alkalosis Causes - Answers - Hyperventilation (anxiety, fear, PE),
mechanical ventilation
Metabolic Alkalosis Causes - Answers - Vomiting, gastric suction, decreased ionized
calcium
Metabolic Acidosis Causes - Answers - Aspirin toxicity, Type 1 diabetes (DKA), renal
failure, diarrhea
Respiratory Acidosis Causes - Answers - Respiratory depression (anesthesia, OD),
airway obstruction, COPD, ARDS, PE, pneumonia
Normal ABG Values - Answers - pH 7.35-7.45 | PaCO2 35-45 | HCO3 22-26
Organs That Compensate in Acid-Base Disorders - Answers - Respiratory system and
Renal system
Metabolic Acidosis Collaborative Care - Answers - DKA: NS + insulin then glucose |
Lactic acidosis: treat cause | Renal failure: depends on pH/HCO3 | Diarrhea: fluids +
electrolytes
Metabolic Acidosis Clinical Problems - Answers - Confusion, memory issues, nutrition
problems, risk for electrolyte imbalance, injury, low CO, shock
Metabolic Alkalosis Clinical Problems - Answers - Impaired gas exchange, deficient fluid
volume
Respiratory Alkalosis Clinical Problems - Answers - Ineffective breathing pattern, risk for
electrolyte imbalance
Respiratory Acidosis Clinical Problems - Answers - Gas exchange issues, activity
intolerance, memory problems, risk for cardiac perfusion and electrolyte imbalance
Alkalosis Effect on Calcium - Answers - Increases calcium binding to albumin →
decreased ionized calcium
Hypocalcemia Symptoms - Answers - Tingling (hands/feet/face), muscle spasms,
stiffness, arrhythmias
