ATLS POST TEST EXAM |VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|GRADED A+
|LATEST 2026/2027
Predominant cause of preventable deaths after injury - ANSWER✔ Hemorrhage
Causes of shock - ANSWER✔ 1) Tension pneumothorax
2) Hypotension following injury due to blood loss
Sigs of hypovolemia - ANSWER✔ -Ashen, gray facial skin and pale extremities
-Rapid, thready pulse
-Altered LOC (impaired cerebral perfusion)
Most common origin of shock associated with injury - ANSWER✔ Hypovolemic shock
Treatment of hypovolemic shock - ANSWER✔ 1) Warmed IV fluid therapy with crystalloids (37-40C or
98.6-104F) with bolus of 1L of isotonic solution
2) Blood transfusion
The ________ score of the GCS correlates with outcome. - ANSWER✔ Motor
Until proven otherwise, alway presume that changes in level of consciousness are a result of.... -
ANSWER✔ central nervous system injury
Optimal temperature for warmed crystalloid IV fluids - ANSWER✔ 39C or 102.2F
Physiologic parameters that reflect adequacy of resuscitation - ANSWER✔ Pulse rate, BP, pulse
pressure, ventilatory rate, ABG levels, body temperature and urinary output
Capnography - ANSWER✔ Confirm intubation of the airway (NOT the proper placement of tube)
, Measures concentration of CO2 in expired air over time
Provides insight into patient's ventilation, circulation and metabolism
ABG levels that indicate shock - ANSWER✔ Low pH and base excess levels
Urethral injury - ANSWER✔ PE findings: presence of blood at urethral meatus or perineal ecchymosis
Transurethral bladder catheterization is CI
Perform retrograde urethrogram to confirm urethral integrity before the catheter is inserted
Findings of cardiac tamponade - ANSWER✔ Distant heart sounds
Decreased pulse pressure
Distended neck veins
Hyperresonance to percussion
Auscultation of chest for pneumothorax vs. hemothorax - ANSWER✔ Pneumothorax: high on anterior
chest wall
Hemothorax: at posterior bases
Signs of a pelvic fracture - ANSWER✔ Ecchymosis over iliac wings, pubis, labia or scrotum
Pain on palpation of pelvic ring
Injuries with a high risk of development of compartment syndrome - ANSWER✔ Long bone fractures
Crush injuries
Prolonged ischemia
Circumferential thermal injuries
Produces joint instability - ANSWER✔ Ligament ruptures
|LATEST 2026/2027
Predominant cause of preventable deaths after injury - ANSWER✔ Hemorrhage
Causes of shock - ANSWER✔ 1) Tension pneumothorax
2) Hypotension following injury due to blood loss
Sigs of hypovolemia - ANSWER✔ -Ashen, gray facial skin and pale extremities
-Rapid, thready pulse
-Altered LOC (impaired cerebral perfusion)
Most common origin of shock associated with injury - ANSWER✔ Hypovolemic shock
Treatment of hypovolemic shock - ANSWER✔ 1) Warmed IV fluid therapy with crystalloids (37-40C or
98.6-104F) with bolus of 1L of isotonic solution
2) Blood transfusion
The ________ score of the GCS correlates with outcome. - ANSWER✔ Motor
Until proven otherwise, alway presume that changes in level of consciousness are a result of.... -
ANSWER✔ central nervous system injury
Optimal temperature for warmed crystalloid IV fluids - ANSWER✔ 39C or 102.2F
Physiologic parameters that reflect adequacy of resuscitation - ANSWER✔ Pulse rate, BP, pulse
pressure, ventilatory rate, ABG levels, body temperature and urinary output
Capnography - ANSWER✔ Confirm intubation of the airway (NOT the proper placement of tube)
, Measures concentration of CO2 in expired air over time
Provides insight into patient's ventilation, circulation and metabolism
ABG levels that indicate shock - ANSWER✔ Low pH and base excess levels
Urethral injury - ANSWER✔ PE findings: presence of blood at urethral meatus or perineal ecchymosis
Transurethral bladder catheterization is CI
Perform retrograde urethrogram to confirm urethral integrity before the catheter is inserted
Findings of cardiac tamponade - ANSWER✔ Distant heart sounds
Decreased pulse pressure
Distended neck veins
Hyperresonance to percussion
Auscultation of chest for pneumothorax vs. hemothorax - ANSWER✔ Pneumothorax: high on anterior
chest wall
Hemothorax: at posterior bases
Signs of a pelvic fracture - ANSWER✔ Ecchymosis over iliac wings, pubis, labia or scrotum
Pain on palpation of pelvic ring
Injuries with a high risk of development of compartment syndrome - ANSWER✔ Long bone fractures
Crush injuries
Prolonged ischemia
Circumferential thermal injuries
Produces joint instability - ANSWER✔ Ligament ruptures
