BIO 201 EXAM 3 |COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH 100% RATED
EXPERT SOLUTIONS |2026 LATEST UPDATED
Describe the 3 kinds of muscle tissue - (answer)skeletal, cardiac, smooth
Explain the major purpose of muscle - (answer)converting the chemical energy in ATP into the
mechanical energy of motion
List the functions of muscles - (answer)movement of whole body, body parts, organ contents
stability: maintain posture and prevent movement
communication: speech, facial expression and writing
control of opening and passageways: sphincters (internal muscular rings)
body heat production
,Characterize the connective tissues of a muscle - (answer)fascia: separates neighboring muscles
or muscle groups from each other and the subcutaneous tissue; deep (found between adjacent
muscles) and superficial/hypodermis (found between skin and muscles, contains adipose tissue)
epimysium: fibrous sheath surrounding the entire muscle, outer surface grades into the fascia
perimysium: surround fascicles (bundles of muscle fibers), carry larger nerves and blood vessels,
and stretch receptors
endomysium: thin sleeve of loose connective tissue surrounding each muscle fiber/cell, allows
room for capillaries and nerve fibers to reach each muscle fibers
Describe the connective tissue elements and how they merge with other tissues - (answer)tendons
(attachments between muscle and bone): dense-regular connective tissue composed of collagen
fibers; the epimysium surrounding the entire muscle is continuous with collagen fibers of
tendons which, in turn, are continuous with connective tissue (periosteum) of bone
collagen is somewhat extensible and elastic; stretches slightly under tension, recoils when
released; resists excessive stretching and protects muscle from injury, returns muscle to its
resting length, contribute to power output and muscle efficiency
,Explain the role of collagen in connective tissues - (answer)collagen is somewhat extensible and
elastic; stretches slightly under tension, recoils when released; resists excessive stretching and
protects muscle from injury, returns muscle to its resting length, contribute to power output and
muscle efficiency
List the skeletal muscle shapes and examples - (answer)fusiform muscles: thick in middle and
tapered at end (biceps brachii, gastrocnemius)
triangular/convergent muscles: broad at origin and tapering to a narrower insertion (pectoralis
major, temporalis)
parallel muscles: parallel fascicles, can span longer distances than other shapes (rectus
abdominis, zygomaticus major)
circular muscles: act as sphincters, ring around body opening (orbicularis oculi, urethral and anal
sphincters)
pennate muscles: fascicles insert obliquely on a tendon (feather shaped); unipennate, bipennate,
or multipennate (palmar interosseus, rectus femoris and deltoid)
, Describe the ways in which muscles attach to bone - (answer)indirect: tendons attach muscle to
bone; collagen fibers of endo-, peri-, and epimysium continue into the tendon, from there the
tendon merges into the periosteum of bone, very strong structural continuity from muscle to bone
(stress will tear the tendon before pulling it loose from either muscle or bone) (i.e. biceps brachii,
calcaneal/Achilles tendon), aponeurosis: tendon is a broad, flat sheet (like palmar aponeurosis)
direct/fleshy: little spearation b/n muscle and bone, muscle seems to immerge directly from bone,
margins of brachialis, lateral head of triceps brachii
some skeletal muscles insert in dermis of skin (muscles of facial expression)
tendons attach muscle to bone - (answer)
Define origin and insertion - (answer)origin: bony attachment at the stationary end of muscle
insertion: bony attachment to mobile end of muscle
Describe the functional groups of muscles and give an example - (answer)action: the effects
produced by a muscle (to produce or prevent movement)
EXPERT SOLUTIONS |2026 LATEST UPDATED
Describe the 3 kinds of muscle tissue - (answer)skeletal, cardiac, smooth
Explain the major purpose of muscle - (answer)converting the chemical energy in ATP into the
mechanical energy of motion
List the functions of muscles - (answer)movement of whole body, body parts, organ contents
stability: maintain posture and prevent movement
communication: speech, facial expression and writing
control of opening and passageways: sphincters (internal muscular rings)
body heat production
,Characterize the connective tissues of a muscle - (answer)fascia: separates neighboring muscles
or muscle groups from each other and the subcutaneous tissue; deep (found between adjacent
muscles) and superficial/hypodermis (found between skin and muscles, contains adipose tissue)
epimysium: fibrous sheath surrounding the entire muscle, outer surface grades into the fascia
perimysium: surround fascicles (bundles of muscle fibers), carry larger nerves and blood vessels,
and stretch receptors
endomysium: thin sleeve of loose connective tissue surrounding each muscle fiber/cell, allows
room for capillaries and nerve fibers to reach each muscle fibers
Describe the connective tissue elements and how they merge with other tissues - (answer)tendons
(attachments between muscle and bone): dense-regular connective tissue composed of collagen
fibers; the epimysium surrounding the entire muscle is continuous with collagen fibers of
tendons which, in turn, are continuous with connective tissue (periosteum) of bone
collagen is somewhat extensible and elastic; stretches slightly under tension, recoils when
released; resists excessive stretching and protects muscle from injury, returns muscle to its
resting length, contribute to power output and muscle efficiency
,Explain the role of collagen in connective tissues - (answer)collagen is somewhat extensible and
elastic; stretches slightly under tension, recoils when released; resists excessive stretching and
protects muscle from injury, returns muscle to its resting length, contribute to power output and
muscle efficiency
List the skeletal muscle shapes and examples - (answer)fusiform muscles: thick in middle and
tapered at end (biceps brachii, gastrocnemius)
triangular/convergent muscles: broad at origin and tapering to a narrower insertion (pectoralis
major, temporalis)
parallel muscles: parallel fascicles, can span longer distances than other shapes (rectus
abdominis, zygomaticus major)
circular muscles: act as sphincters, ring around body opening (orbicularis oculi, urethral and anal
sphincters)
pennate muscles: fascicles insert obliquely on a tendon (feather shaped); unipennate, bipennate,
or multipennate (palmar interosseus, rectus femoris and deltoid)
, Describe the ways in which muscles attach to bone - (answer)indirect: tendons attach muscle to
bone; collagen fibers of endo-, peri-, and epimysium continue into the tendon, from there the
tendon merges into the periosteum of bone, very strong structural continuity from muscle to bone
(stress will tear the tendon before pulling it loose from either muscle or bone) (i.e. biceps brachii,
calcaneal/Achilles tendon), aponeurosis: tendon is a broad, flat sheet (like palmar aponeurosis)
direct/fleshy: little spearation b/n muscle and bone, muscle seems to immerge directly from bone,
margins of brachialis, lateral head of triceps brachii
some skeletal muscles insert in dermis of skin (muscles of facial expression)
tendons attach muscle to bone - (answer)
Define origin and insertion - (answer)origin: bony attachment at the stationary end of muscle
insertion: bony attachment to mobile end of muscle
Describe the functional groups of muscles and give an example - (answer)action: the effects
produced by a muscle (to produce or prevent movement)
