ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY: KEY CONCEPTS FOR MEDICAL
STUDENTS |COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE WITH 100% ACCURATE
QUESTIONS &ANSWERS. PASS GUARANTEED.
abdomen - (ANSWER)The body cavity that contains many of the major organs of digestion and excretion.
acetabulum - (ANSWER)The depression on the lateral pelvis where its three component bones join, in
which the femoral head fits snugly.
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - (ANSWER)The nucleotide involved in energy metabolism; used to store
energy.
adrenal glands - (ANSWER)Endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys that release adrenaline when
stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.
adrenergic - (ANSWER)Pertaining to nerves that release the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, or nor-
adrenaline.
aerobic metabolism - (ANSWER)Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen.
agonal gasps - (ANSWER)Abnormal breathing pattern characterized by slow, gasping breaths, sometimes
seen in patients in cardiac arrest.
alpha-adrenergic receptors - (ANSWER)Portions of the nervous system that, when stimulated, can cause
constriction of blood vessels.
alveoli - (ANSWER)The air sacs of the lungs in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes
place.
anaerobic metabolism - (ANSWER)Metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen; the main by-
product is lactic acid.
, ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY: KEY CONCEPTS FOR MEDICAL
STUDENTS |COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE WITH 100% ACCURATE
QUESTIONS &ANSWERS. PASS GUARANTEED.
anatomic position - (ANSWER)The position of reference in which the patient stands facing forward, arms
at the side, with the palms of the hands forward.
anatomy - (ANSWER)The study of the physical structure of the body and its components.
aorta - (ANSWER)The main artery leaving the left side of the heart and carrying freshly oxygenated blood
to the body.
appendicular skeleton - (ANSWER)The portion of the skeletal system that comprises the arms, legs,
pelvis, and shoulder girdle.
appendix - (ANSWER)A small, tubular structure that is attached to the lower border of the cecum in the
lower right quadrant of the abdomen.
arterioles - (ANSWER)The smallest branches of arteries leading to the vast network of capillaries.
articular cartilage - (ANSWER)A pearly layer of specialized cartilage covering the articular surfaces of
bones in synovial joints.
atrium - (ANSWER)One of the two upper chambers of the heart.
autonomic nervous system - (ANSWER)The part of the nervous system that regulates functions that are
not controlled voluntarily.
axial skeleton - (ANSWER)The part of the skeleton comprising the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.
axons - (ANSWER)Extensions of a neuron that carry impulses away from the nerve cell body.
STUDENTS |COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE WITH 100% ACCURATE
QUESTIONS &ANSWERS. PASS GUARANTEED.
abdomen - (ANSWER)The body cavity that contains many of the major organs of digestion and excretion.
acetabulum - (ANSWER)The depression on the lateral pelvis where its three component bones join, in
which the femoral head fits snugly.
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - (ANSWER)The nucleotide involved in energy metabolism; used to store
energy.
adrenal glands - (ANSWER)Endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys that release adrenaline when
stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.
adrenergic - (ANSWER)Pertaining to nerves that release the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, or nor-
adrenaline.
aerobic metabolism - (ANSWER)Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen.
agonal gasps - (ANSWER)Abnormal breathing pattern characterized by slow, gasping breaths, sometimes
seen in patients in cardiac arrest.
alpha-adrenergic receptors - (ANSWER)Portions of the nervous system that, when stimulated, can cause
constriction of blood vessels.
alveoli - (ANSWER)The air sacs of the lungs in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes
place.
anaerobic metabolism - (ANSWER)Metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen; the main by-
product is lactic acid.
, ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY: KEY CONCEPTS FOR MEDICAL
STUDENTS |COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE WITH 100% ACCURATE
QUESTIONS &ANSWERS. PASS GUARANTEED.
anatomic position - (ANSWER)The position of reference in which the patient stands facing forward, arms
at the side, with the palms of the hands forward.
anatomy - (ANSWER)The study of the physical structure of the body and its components.
aorta - (ANSWER)The main artery leaving the left side of the heart and carrying freshly oxygenated blood
to the body.
appendicular skeleton - (ANSWER)The portion of the skeletal system that comprises the arms, legs,
pelvis, and shoulder girdle.
appendix - (ANSWER)A small, tubular structure that is attached to the lower border of the cecum in the
lower right quadrant of the abdomen.
arterioles - (ANSWER)The smallest branches of arteries leading to the vast network of capillaries.
articular cartilage - (ANSWER)A pearly layer of specialized cartilage covering the articular surfaces of
bones in synovial joints.
atrium - (ANSWER)One of the two upper chambers of the heart.
autonomic nervous system - (ANSWER)The part of the nervous system that regulates functions that are
not controlled voluntarily.
axial skeleton - (ANSWER)The part of the skeleton comprising the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.
axons - (ANSWER)Extensions of a neuron that carry impulses away from the nerve cell body.
