CIDESCO Exam 1 Questions with Correct
Answers
Ephelides/Freckles
• Melanin clusters
• Aggravated by the sun
• Genetic
Chloasma
• Hormonal pigmentation
• Sun and perfume can make
it worse
• Will fade when aggravator is
no longer present
Naevus/moles
• Birth mark
• Varies from pinhead to
several centimeters
• Varies from light brown to
black
Vitiligo
• White patches on skin=
lack of melanocytes
• No known cause
Hyper-pigmentation
,• High numbers of
melanocytes
• Causes dark pigmentation
Hypo-pigmentation
• Low numbers of melanocytes
• Causes white spots
Albinism
Genetic
• Reduced/absent melanin in
skin, hair and/or eyes
• Sensitive to the sun
Letigines
• Liver/age spots
• Concentration of
melanocytes
• Do not become less
noticeable in winter
Comedones
Open= blackheads
• Closed= whiteheads
• Fatty sebaceous material
that has oxidized
,• In hair follicle or
sebaceous gland
Papules
Raised, red bump
• Hard with no fluid
• No head
Pustule
• Infected papule
• White in the center, red
around the outside
Crows Feet
• Eye wrinkles
• Caused by expressions
Lack of Elasticity
• Wrinkles around mouth or eyes
signal lack of elastin
Open/enlarged pores
Big, visible pores
• Can be due to a skin
condition e.g. oiliness
Thin Skin
, Can be caused by ageing
• Can be caused by
medications
• Skin tears, bruises and
breaks easily
Telangiectasia
Increased number of small
blood vessels
• Caused by genetics, liver
disease, trauma and
rosascea
• Hot/cold can worsen it
(including saunas, spicy food,
sunlight etc)
Circulation disorder
Rosacea
Mild= redness on cheeks,
nose and forehead
• More severe= stinging,
papules, sensitivity
• Aggravated by Alcohol, Hot
liquids, Spicy food, extreme
temperatures, Psychological
factors, Stress, Prolonged
Answers
Ephelides/Freckles
• Melanin clusters
• Aggravated by the sun
• Genetic
Chloasma
• Hormonal pigmentation
• Sun and perfume can make
it worse
• Will fade when aggravator is
no longer present
Naevus/moles
• Birth mark
• Varies from pinhead to
several centimeters
• Varies from light brown to
black
Vitiligo
• White patches on skin=
lack of melanocytes
• No known cause
Hyper-pigmentation
,• High numbers of
melanocytes
• Causes dark pigmentation
Hypo-pigmentation
• Low numbers of melanocytes
• Causes white spots
Albinism
Genetic
• Reduced/absent melanin in
skin, hair and/or eyes
• Sensitive to the sun
Letigines
• Liver/age spots
• Concentration of
melanocytes
• Do not become less
noticeable in winter
Comedones
Open= blackheads
• Closed= whiteheads
• Fatty sebaceous material
that has oxidized
,• In hair follicle or
sebaceous gland
Papules
Raised, red bump
• Hard with no fluid
• No head
Pustule
• Infected papule
• White in the center, red
around the outside
Crows Feet
• Eye wrinkles
• Caused by expressions
Lack of Elasticity
• Wrinkles around mouth or eyes
signal lack of elastin
Open/enlarged pores
Big, visible pores
• Can be due to a skin
condition e.g. oiliness
Thin Skin
, Can be caused by ageing
• Can be caused by
medications
• Skin tears, bruises and
breaks easily
Telangiectasia
Increased number of small
blood vessels
• Caused by genetics, liver
disease, trauma and
rosascea
• Hot/cold can worsen it
(including saunas, spicy food,
sunlight etc)
Circulation disorder
Rosacea
Mild= redness on cheeks,
nose and forehead
• More severe= stinging,
papules, sensitivity
• Aggravated by Alcohol, Hot
liquids, Spicy food, extreme
temperatures, Psychological
factors, Stress, Prolonged
