NSG 3100 Exam 4 Questions & Answers 2026/2027 | Latest Updated (Graded A+) | Galen College of
Nursing
1. The nurse is providing teaching to clients regarding intake of dietary potassium. The nurse
recognizes that the client at risk of developing an electrolyte imbalance of potassium is the client who
a. has fatty stools from taking an over-the-counter (OTC) weight loss product.
b. experiences anorexia.
c. has chronic heart failure (HF) that is being treated with diuretics.
d. takes very large doses of vitamin D as a chemotherapy supplement.
2. The nurse is caring for a client who has had diarrhea for 48 hours and has developed fatigue, muscle
weakness, and an irregular pulse. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse
correlate to these signs and symptoms?
a. Serum phosphate of 4 mEq/L.
b. Serum magnesium of 2 mEq/L.
c. Serum calcium of 9.5 mEq/L.
d. Serum potassium of 2.8 mEq/L.
3. The nurse is caring for a client who has multiple draining wounds and has been admitted for
hypovolemia. Which of the following assessment findings is consistent with hypovolemia?
a. Increased urine output.
b. Decreased skin turgor.
c. Hypertension.
d. Bounding peripheral pulses.
4. The nurse is caring for assigned clients. The nurse should see the client with which of the following
symptoms first?
a. Serum potassium concentration is decreasing; abdominal distention, but denies any difficulty
breathing.
b. Serum calcium concentration is increasing; reports constipation; is alert and denies any
discomfort.
c. Serum potassium concentration is increasing; has developed cardiac dysrhythmias, but
denies any difficulty breathing.
d. Serum calcium concentration is decreasing; reports constipation; is alert and reports a pain
level of 3 on a scale of 0 (no pain) to 10 (severe pain).
5. The nurse is caring for the following clients. The nurse identifies which client as being at risk for
developing metabolic acidosis?
a. The client who is extremely anxious.
b. The client who has had diarrhea for over a week.
c. The client who has a nasogastric (NG) tube.
d. The client who has newly diagnosed pneumonia.
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, 6. The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for assigned clients. The nurse should follow-up with a
client who has a
a. serum chloride of 100 mEq/dL.
b. specific gravity of 1.025.
c. blood sugar of 125 mg/dL.
d. serum potassium of 6 mEq/L.
7. The nurse is caring for a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following should the nurse
include in the client’s plan of care?
a. Measure the client’s intake and output (I/O) every 24 hours.
b. Provide the client with unlimited low-sodium liquids.
c. Assess lung sounds at least every 2 hours.
d. Maintain the client’s head of bed (HOB) at a 90-degree angle.
8. The nurse is assessing a client who is at risk for fluid volume overload. Which of the following
assessment findings indicates hypotonic fluid volume overload?
a. Decreased level of consciousness (LOC).
b. Dry mucous membranes.
c. A decrease in capillary refill.
d. Postural hypotension.
9. The nurse is caring for a client who has severe fatigue and confusion. Which of the following
laboratory values requires immediate action by the nurse?
a. SaO₂ is 95%.
b. Arterial blood pH is 7.32.
c. Serum calcium is 18 mg/dL.
d. Serum potassium is 5.1 mEq/L.
10. The nurse is caring for the following clients. Which client should the nurse see first?
a. A middle-aged adult who has no place to live and is ready for discharge.
b. An older adult who has a decreased oral intake and has just taken a diuretic.
c. A teenager who has a sprained ankle and severe edema of the area.
d. A teenager who has a temperature (T) of 99.2° F and a decreased appetite.
11. The nurse is caring for a client who was admitted with sepsis. Which of the following acid-base
imbalances should the nurse expect to observe in this client?
a. Respiratory alkalosis.
b. Metabolic acidosis.
c. Metabolic alkalosis.
d. Respiratory acidosis.
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Nursing
1. The nurse is providing teaching to clients regarding intake of dietary potassium. The nurse
recognizes that the client at risk of developing an electrolyte imbalance of potassium is the client who
a. has fatty stools from taking an over-the-counter (OTC) weight loss product.
b. experiences anorexia.
c. has chronic heart failure (HF) that is being treated with diuretics.
d. takes very large doses of vitamin D as a chemotherapy supplement.
2. The nurse is caring for a client who has had diarrhea for 48 hours and has developed fatigue, muscle
weakness, and an irregular pulse. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse
correlate to these signs and symptoms?
a. Serum phosphate of 4 mEq/L.
b. Serum magnesium of 2 mEq/L.
c. Serum calcium of 9.5 mEq/L.
d. Serum potassium of 2.8 mEq/L.
3. The nurse is caring for a client who has multiple draining wounds and has been admitted for
hypovolemia. Which of the following assessment findings is consistent with hypovolemia?
a. Increased urine output.
b. Decreased skin turgor.
c. Hypertension.
d. Bounding peripheral pulses.
4. The nurse is caring for assigned clients. The nurse should see the client with which of the following
symptoms first?
a. Serum potassium concentration is decreasing; abdominal distention, but denies any difficulty
breathing.
b. Serum calcium concentration is increasing; reports constipation; is alert and denies any
discomfort.
c. Serum potassium concentration is increasing; has developed cardiac dysrhythmias, but
denies any difficulty breathing.
d. Serum calcium concentration is decreasing; reports constipation; is alert and reports a pain
level of 3 on a scale of 0 (no pain) to 10 (severe pain).
5. The nurse is caring for the following clients. The nurse identifies which client as being at risk for
developing metabolic acidosis?
a. The client who is extremely anxious.
b. The client who has had diarrhea for over a week.
c. The client who has a nasogastric (NG) tube.
d. The client who has newly diagnosed pneumonia.
Page
, 6. The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for assigned clients. The nurse should follow-up with a
client who has a
a. serum chloride of 100 mEq/dL.
b. specific gravity of 1.025.
c. blood sugar of 125 mg/dL.
d. serum potassium of 6 mEq/L.
7. The nurse is caring for a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following should the nurse
include in the client’s plan of care?
a. Measure the client’s intake and output (I/O) every 24 hours.
b. Provide the client with unlimited low-sodium liquids.
c. Assess lung sounds at least every 2 hours.
d. Maintain the client’s head of bed (HOB) at a 90-degree angle.
8. The nurse is assessing a client who is at risk for fluid volume overload. Which of the following
assessment findings indicates hypotonic fluid volume overload?
a. Decreased level of consciousness (LOC).
b. Dry mucous membranes.
c. A decrease in capillary refill.
d. Postural hypotension.
9. The nurse is caring for a client who has severe fatigue and confusion. Which of the following
laboratory values requires immediate action by the nurse?
a. SaO₂ is 95%.
b. Arterial blood pH is 7.32.
c. Serum calcium is 18 mg/dL.
d. Serum potassium is 5.1 mEq/L.
10. The nurse is caring for the following clients. Which client should the nurse see first?
a. A middle-aged adult who has no place to live and is ready for discharge.
b. An older adult who has a decreased oral intake and has just taken a diuretic.
c. A teenager who has a sprained ankle and severe edema of the area.
d. A teenager who has a temperature (T) of 99.2° F and a decreased appetite.
11. The nurse is caring for a client who was admitted with sepsis. Which of the following acid-base
imbalances should the nurse expect to observe in this client?
a. Respiratory alkalosis.
b. Metabolic acidosis.
c. Metabolic alkalosis.
d. Respiratory acidosis.
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