CARDIAC COMPLEX CARE COMPREHENSIVE EXAM SCRIPT COMPLETE QUESTIONS
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
Cardiac Complex CARE Certification Script
2026/2027 Questions and Answers Verified Solutions
Latest Update
Question:
Cardiac Overview.
Answer:
-4 Chambers, 2 Atria, 2 Ventricles-4 Valves-Receives deoxygenated blood from body, pumps to
lungs-Receives oxygenated blood from lungs, pumps to body-Heart functions a pump to deliver
blood to the body-Ability to pump is based on preload, afterload, and contractility
Question:
Myocardial infarction.
Answer:
- starts with myocardial ischemia->injury, infarct- occurs when demand for O2> supply- hypoxia
occurs w/in 10 sec- cell death after 20min
Question:
Preload.
Answer:
-volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole (end diastolic pressure)-Increased in hypervolemia,
regurgitation, heart failure
Question:
When does MI occur?
Answer:
When >75% of the coronary vessels are occluded
,Question:
Types of MI.
Answer:
Unstable anginaNon ST-elevated MI
Question:
EKG changes that occur with acute coronary syndrome.
Answer:
ST segment elevation (cell death has occured)Abnormal Q waveT wave inversion (lack of oxygen)
Question:
Afterload.
Answer:
-resistance left ventricle must overcome to circulate blood-Increased in hypertension,
vasoconstriction-increased afterload=increased cardiac workload
Question:
Hypertension.
Answer:
-narrowing of vascular lumen-Defined as BP > 140/90-Increases risk of MI 10 fold in all
populations-Increases risk of comorbidities: Atherosclerosis, MI, Renal Failure
Question:
MI signs and symptoms.
Answer:
Tachypnea, BP changes, tachycardia, cyanotic, edema, S3&S4, Arles, honcho, wheezing, cough
, Question:
HTN risk factors.
Answer:
-Modifiable: Tobacco, Physical Inactivity & Obesity, Diabetes, Stress; depression, anxiety,
anger-Non modifiable: Age, Gender, Ethnicity, Family Hx
Question:
JNC HTN Guidelines.
Answer:
-Age based-Adults 18-60 lifestyle modifications BP goal < 140/90-Adults with CKD or DM BP
goal <140/90-Adults >60 BP Goal <150/90-Reinforce lifestyle adherence at each step
Question:
MI diagnostics.
Answer:
Physical examLabs (CBC, chemistry for electrolytes)Troponin, myoglobin, CK-MB
Question:
Fibrinolytic therapy.
Answer:
Antiplatelets: aspirin, clopidogrelAnticoagulant: heparin, lovenoxThrombolytic agents: tPA
Question:
MONA.
Answer:
Morphine for chest painOxygenNitro for relaxing smooth muscle (given IV w/ fluids)Aspirin
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
Cardiac Complex CARE Certification Script
2026/2027 Questions and Answers Verified Solutions
Latest Update
Question:
Cardiac Overview.
Answer:
-4 Chambers, 2 Atria, 2 Ventricles-4 Valves-Receives deoxygenated blood from body, pumps to
lungs-Receives oxygenated blood from lungs, pumps to body-Heart functions a pump to deliver
blood to the body-Ability to pump is based on preload, afterload, and contractility
Question:
Myocardial infarction.
Answer:
- starts with myocardial ischemia->injury, infarct- occurs when demand for O2> supply- hypoxia
occurs w/in 10 sec- cell death after 20min
Question:
Preload.
Answer:
-volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole (end diastolic pressure)-Increased in hypervolemia,
regurgitation, heart failure
Question:
When does MI occur?
Answer:
When >75% of the coronary vessels are occluded
,Question:
Types of MI.
Answer:
Unstable anginaNon ST-elevated MI
Question:
EKG changes that occur with acute coronary syndrome.
Answer:
ST segment elevation (cell death has occured)Abnormal Q waveT wave inversion (lack of oxygen)
Question:
Afterload.
Answer:
-resistance left ventricle must overcome to circulate blood-Increased in hypertension,
vasoconstriction-increased afterload=increased cardiac workload
Question:
Hypertension.
Answer:
-narrowing of vascular lumen-Defined as BP > 140/90-Increases risk of MI 10 fold in all
populations-Increases risk of comorbidities: Atherosclerosis, MI, Renal Failure
Question:
MI signs and symptoms.
Answer:
Tachypnea, BP changes, tachycardia, cyanotic, edema, S3&S4, Arles, honcho, wheezing, cough
, Question:
HTN risk factors.
Answer:
-Modifiable: Tobacco, Physical Inactivity & Obesity, Diabetes, Stress; depression, anxiety,
anger-Non modifiable: Age, Gender, Ethnicity, Family Hx
Question:
JNC HTN Guidelines.
Answer:
-Age based-Adults 18-60 lifestyle modifications BP goal < 140/90-Adults with CKD or DM BP
goal <140/90-Adults >60 BP Goal <150/90-Reinforce lifestyle adherence at each step
Question:
MI diagnostics.
Answer:
Physical examLabs (CBC, chemistry for electrolytes)Troponin, myoglobin, CK-MB
Question:
Fibrinolytic therapy.
Answer:
Antiplatelets: aspirin, clopidogrelAnticoagulant: heparin, lovenoxThrombolytic agents: tPA
Question:
MONA.
Answer:
Morphine for chest painOxygenNitro for relaxing smooth muscle (given IV w/ fluids)Aspirin
