JMU Nutrition 280 Practice Final Exam (Latest 2026) ||
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Which class of nutrients provides the body's primary source of energy
under normal physiological conditions?
A. Proteins
B. Vitamins
C. Carbohydrates
D. Minerals
Correct Answer: C. Carbohydrates
Rationale: Carbohydrates are the body's preferred source of energy
because they are readily broken down into glucose, which fuels the
brain, muscles, and other tissues. Although fats provide more energy
per gram, carbohydrates are normally used first for immediate energy
needs.
Which monosaccharide is the primary sugar transported in the
bloodstream?
A. Fructose
,B. Galactose
C. Glucose
D. Lactose
Correct Answer: C. Glucose
Rationale: Glucose is the principal carbohydrate circulating in the
blood and serves as the major energy source for cells throughout the
body.
Which organ produces bile that assists in fat digestion?
A. Pancreas
B. Gallbladder
C. Liver
D. Stomach
Correct Answer: C. Liver
Rationale: The liver synthesizes bile, which emulsifies dietary fats into
smaller droplets, increasing the surface area available for lipase action.
The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile.
Which enzyme begins carbohydrate digestion in the mouth?
A. Pepsin
,B. Salivary amylase
C. Lipase
D. Trypsin
Correct Answer: B. Salivary amylase
Rationale: Salivary amylase initiates starch digestion by breaking
complex carbohydrates into smaller polysaccharides before food
reaches the stomach.
Which nutrient provides approximately 9 kcal per gram?
A. Protein
B. Alcohol
C. Fat
D. Carbohydrate
Correct Answer: C. Fat
Rationale: Fat is the most energy-dense macronutrient, supplying
approximately 9 kcal per gram compared with 4 kcal per gram for
protein and carbohydrates.
Which vitamin is primarily responsible for regulating calcium
absorption?
, A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin K
Correct Answer: B. Vitamin D
Rationale: Vitamin D enhances calcium absorption from the small
intestine and plays an essential role in maintaining healthy bones.
Which mineral is the major intracellular electrolyte?
A. Sodium
B. Chloride
C. Potassium
D. Calcium
Correct Answer: C. Potassium
Rationale: Potassium is the principal positively charged ion inside cells
and is critical for nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and fluid
balance.
Which lipoprotein is commonly referred to as "good cholesterol"?
A. LDL
Most Recent Exam 2026|2027 Actual Complete Real
Exam Questions And Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Already Graded A+ | Guaranteed
Success!! Newest Exam | Just Released!!
Which class of nutrients provides the body's primary source of energy
under normal physiological conditions?
A. Proteins
B. Vitamins
C. Carbohydrates
D. Minerals
Correct Answer: C. Carbohydrates
Rationale: Carbohydrates are the body's preferred source of energy
because they are readily broken down into glucose, which fuels the
brain, muscles, and other tissues. Although fats provide more energy
per gram, carbohydrates are normally used first for immediate energy
needs.
Which monosaccharide is the primary sugar transported in the
bloodstream?
A. Fructose
,B. Galactose
C. Glucose
D. Lactose
Correct Answer: C. Glucose
Rationale: Glucose is the principal carbohydrate circulating in the
blood and serves as the major energy source for cells throughout the
body.
Which organ produces bile that assists in fat digestion?
A. Pancreas
B. Gallbladder
C. Liver
D. Stomach
Correct Answer: C. Liver
Rationale: The liver synthesizes bile, which emulsifies dietary fats into
smaller droplets, increasing the surface area available for lipase action.
The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile.
Which enzyme begins carbohydrate digestion in the mouth?
A. Pepsin
,B. Salivary amylase
C. Lipase
D. Trypsin
Correct Answer: B. Salivary amylase
Rationale: Salivary amylase initiates starch digestion by breaking
complex carbohydrates into smaller polysaccharides before food
reaches the stomach.
Which nutrient provides approximately 9 kcal per gram?
A. Protein
B. Alcohol
C. Fat
D. Carbohydrate
Correct Answer: C. Fat
Rationale: Fat is the most energy-dense macronutrient, supplying
approximately 9 kcal per gram compared with 4 kcal per gram for
protein and carbohydrates.
Which vitamin is primarily responsible for regulating calcium
absorption?
, A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin K
Correct Answer: B. Vitamin D
Rationale: Vitamin D enhances calcium absorption from the small
intestine and plays an essential role in maintaining healthy bones.
Which mineral is the major intracellular electrolyte?
A. Sodium
B. Chloride
C. Potassium
D. Calcium
Correct Answer: C. Potassium
Rationale: Potassium is the principal positively charged ion inside cells
and is critical for nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and fluid
balance.
Which lipoprotein is commonly referred to as "good cholesterol"?
A. LDL
