AP CSP FINAL EXAM 2026/2027 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Internet speed - ✔✔Bandwidth
✔✔block programming - ✔✔When a programmer strings together a group of similar
programs.
✔✔data abstraction - ✔✔Representing or storing information with methods that
separate layers of concerns so that the programmer can work with information while
ignoring lower-level details about how the information is represented.
✔✔Parallel processing - ✔✔The processing of several aspects of a problem
simultaneously; the brain's natural mode of information processing for many functions,
including vision. Contrasts with the step-by-step (serial) processing of most computers
and of conscious problem solving.
✔✔Procedural abstraction - ✔✔is the concept of being able to look at programming
code, identify a block of repetitive programming statements, and place them within one
procedure that can be referenced by many objects, thus making the code easier to
understand and reuse.
✔✔Model - ✔✔A pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the
structure or workings of an object, system, or concept
✔✔RGB - ✔✔The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green, and
blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors. The
name of the model comes from the initials of the three additive primary colors, red(0-
255), green(0-255), and blue(0-255).
✔✔Huffman compression - ✔✔Huffman coding is a lossless data compression
algorithm. The idea is to assign variable-legth codes to input characters, lengths of the
assigned codes are based on the frequencies of corresponding characters. The most
frequent character gets the smallest code and the least frequent character gets the
largest code.
✔✔Internet packets - ✔✔are made up of binary sequences that are sent through the
lowest layer of OSI
✔✔Open source interconnection - ✔✔What does the acronym "OSI" stand for?
✔✔Logic gate - ✔✔an electronic circuit that performs a Boolean function.
AND, OR, NOT
,✔✔Routing packets - ✔✔Router. In packet switching networks, routing is the higher-
level decision making that directs network packets from their source toward their
destination through intermediate network nodes by specific packet forwarding
mechanisms.
✔✔Resource sharing - ✔✔____ is the ability to share physical resources, such as a
printer or storage device, as well as logical resources, such as software and
information.
✔✔Data encryption - ✔✔What process secures a wireless network by protecting data
packets being transmitted?
scrambling the data in a message in a systematic way in order to prevent competitors
from electronically monitoring confidential data transmission
✔✔Network backbone - ✔✔A very high speed transmission path that carries the
majority of network data. Connects small networks into larger a structure or server
nodes to a network where the majority of client computer are attached.
✔✔Malware - ✔✔Malicious software created specifically for the purpose of infiltrating or
damaging a computer system without the user's knowledge or consent includes a
variety of technologies, including viruses, Trojan horses, worms, spyware, and adware
✔✔Data vs Information - ✔✔Data are raw facts; information is data converted into a
meaningful & useful context for decision making
✔✔Iterative - ✔✔a process that can be applied repeatedly
✔✔Filter - ✔✔A device used to remove contamination from a fluid.
✔✔Clustering - ✔✔Identifying patterns in data based on common temporal (time) or
spatial (geographic) traits is based on what type of data mining analysis?
✔✔Data Classification - ✔✔System of organizing data according to its sensitivity.
Common classifications include public, highly confidential, and top secret.
✔✔Creative Expression (Digital) - ✔✔Refers to participation in a range of activities that
allow for creative and imaginative expression
✔✔Data-driven problems - ✔✔Problems with Data gathered during testing
✔✔Visualizations - ✔✔A class of maps that use sophisticated software to create
dynamic computer maps, some of which are three dimensional or interactive.
✔✔Extract(ing) - ✔✔pulling out information
, ✔✔Online Collaborative tools - ✔✔Helps with gathering and processing info
✔✔Patterns - ✔✔refers to finding a collection of symptoms that tend to go together, and
not just seeing a single symptom
✔✔Number Bases - ✔✔The number of different digits or combination of digits and
letters that a system of counting uses to represent numbers.
✔✔Bits - ✔✔A basic unit of information in computing and digital communications. Can
have only one of two values. A 0 or 1
✔✔Creative development process - ✔✔Employing non traditional techniques,
combination of artifacts, or tools.
✔✔Hexadecimal - ✔✔Represents values using numbers 0-9 and letters A-F
✔✔Digital Data - ✔✔Discrete, discontinuous representations of information or works, as
contrasted with continuous, or analog signals which behave in a continuous manner, or
represent information using a continuous function.
✔✔Computing tools - ✔✔programming, integrated IDES, spreadsheets, etc
✔✔Programming Languages - ✔✔Language of computers, examples: Java, Python, C,
C++
✔✔Real Numbers (Floating-Point) - ✔✔Formula representation of an approximation of
real numbers
✔✔Levels of Abstraction - ✔✔Different programming languages offer different levels of
human to computer communication
✔✔High-Level Languages - ✔✔Programming language similar to human language
✔✔Abstraction Hierarchy - ✔✔Most general concepts on top of the hierarchy and
specific concepts on the bottom
✔✔Low-Level Languages - ✔✔programming language similar to machine code
✔✔Analyze - ✔✔Artifact, usability, functionality and sustainability of true artifact
✔✔Collaboration - ✔✔Joint effort by more than one person to achieve a goal
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Internet speed - ✔✔Bandwidth
✔✔block programming - ✔✔When a programmer strings together a group of similar
programs.
✔✔data abstraction - ✔✔Representing or storing information with methods that
separate layers of concerns so that the programmer can work with information while
ignoring lower-level details about how the information is represented.
✔✔Parallel processing - ✔✔The processing of several aspects of a problem
simultaneously; the brain's natural mode of information processing for many functions,
including vision. Contrasts with the step-by-step (serial) processing of most computers
and of conscious problem solving.
✔✔Procedural abstraction - ✔✔is the concept of being able to look at programming
code, identify a block of repetitive programming statements, and place them within one
procedure that can be referenced by many objects, thus making the code easier to
understand and reuse.
✔✔Model - ✔✔A pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the
structure or workings of an object, system, or concept
✔✔RGB - ✔✔The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green, and
blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors. The
name of the model comes from the initials of the three additive primary colors, red(0-
255), green(0-255), and blue(0-255).
✔✔Huffman compression - ✔✔Huffman coding is a lossless data compression
algorithm. The idea is to assign variable-legth codes to input characters, lengths of the
assigned codes are based on the frequencies of corresponding characters. The most
frequent character gets the smallest code and the least frequent character gets the
largest code.
✔✔Internet packets - ✔✔are made up of binary sequences that are sent through the
lowest layer of OSI
✔✔Open source interconnection - ✔✔What does the acronym "OSI" stand for?
✔✔Logic gate - ✔✔an electronic circuit that performs a Boolean function.
AND, OR, NOT
,✔✔Routing packets - ✔✔Router. In packet switching networks, routing is the higher-
level decision making that directs network packets from their source toward their
destination through intermediate network nodes by specific packet forwarding
mechanisms.
✔✔Resource sharing - ✔✔____ is the ability to share physical resources, such as a
printer or storage device, as well as logical resources, such as software and
information.
✔✔Data encryption - ✔✔What process secures a wireless network by protecting data
packets being transmitted?
scrambling the data in a message in a systematic way in order to prevent competitors
from electronically monitoring confidential data transmission
✔✔Network backbone - ✔✔A very high speed transmission path that carries the
majority of network data. Connects small networks into larger a structure or server
nodes to a network where the majority of client computer are attached.
✔✔Malware - ✔✔Malicious software created specifically for the purpose of infiltrating or
damaging a computer system without the user's knowledge or consent includes a
variety of technologies, including viruses, Trojan horses, worms, spyware, and adware
✔✔Data vs Information - ✔✔Data are raw facts; information is data converted into a
meaningful & useful context for decision making
✔✔Iterative - ✔✔a process that can be applied repeatedly
✔✔Filter - ✔✔A device used to remove contamination from a fluid.
✔✔Clustering - ✔✔Identifying patterns in data based on common temporal (time) or
spatial (geographic) traits is based on what type of data mining analysis?
✔✔Data Classification - ✔✔System of organizing data according to its sensitivity.
Common classifications include public, highly confidential, and top secret.
✔✔Creative Expression (Digital) - ✔✔Refers to participation in a range of activities that
allow for creative and imaginative expression
✔✔Data-driven problems - ✔✔Problems with Data gathered during testing
✔✔Visualizations - ✔✔A class of maps that use sophisticated software to create
dynamic computer maps, some of which are three dimensional or interactive.
✔✔Extract(ing) - ✔✔pulling out information
, ✔✔Online Collaborative tools - ✔✔Helps with gathering and processing info
✔✔Patterns - ✔✔refers to finding a collection of symptoms that tend to go together, and
not just seeing a single symptom
✔✔Number Bases - ✔✔The number of different digits or combination of digits and
letters that a system of counting uses to represent numbers.
✔✔Bits - ✔✔A basic unit of information in computing and digital communications. Can
have only one of two values. A 0 or 1
✔✔Creative development process - ✔✔Employing non traditional techniques,
combination of artifacts, or tools.
✔✔Hexadecimal - ✔✔Represents values using numbers 0-9 and letters A-F
✔✔Digital Data - ✔✔Discrete, discontinuous representations of information or works, as
contrasted with continuous, or analog signals which behave in a continuous manner, or
represent information using a continuous function.
✔✔Computing tools - ✔✔programming, integrated IDES, spreadsheets, etc
✔✔Programming Languages - ✔✔Language of computers, examples: Java, Python, C,
C++
✔✔Real Numbers (Floating-Point) - ✔✔Formula representation of an approximation of
real numbers
✔✔Levels of Abstraction - ✔✔Different programming languages offer different levels of
human to computer communication
✔✔High-Level Languages - ✔✔Programming language similar to human language
✔✔Abstraction Hierarchy - ✔✔Most general concepts on top of the hierarchy and
specific concepts on the bottom
✔✔Low-Level Languages - ✔✔programming language similar to machine code
✔✔Analyze - ✔✔Artifact, usability, functionality and sustainability of true artifact
✔✔Collaboration - ✔✔Joint effort by more than one person to achieve a goal
