ARCHITECTURE AND INTERIOR DESIGN
ACTUAL TEST PAPER UPDATED
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
●● Log Cabin
Answer: Up to the 1850s - These early settler houses went up quickly,
using the most abundant material around - wood, used to protect against
the harsh weather. This house was common in the middle Atlantic
colonies.
●● Saltbox
Answer: 1607 to early 1700s - These houses existed around New
England. Their steep roof pitch is a form of thatching. Early settlers
learned that wood shingles were better for snow and rain. Few originals
of these houses are still standing - those few left are in museums, like
this house in East Hampton, New York.
●● Georgian
Answer: 1700 to 1780 - This architecture style is based on earlier
European styles, which emphasized classical Greek and Roman shapes.
These houses could be found in every part of the colonies in the 18th
century.
,●● Federal
Answer: 1780 to 1820 - This style is based almost entirely on the
English "Adamesque" style architecture, which took characteristics from
ancient Roman architecture. This was the first style of homes in the
United States, and it had a place in nearly every part of the country. This
style was particularly found in bustling urban areas like Salem,
Massachusetts.
●● Greek Revival
Answer: 1825 to 1860 - Americans, newly familiar with Greek
democracy, built civic buildings that looked like Greek temples. The
fashion for columns and pediments seeped into residential architecture
as far as the most rural farmland.
●● Gothic Revival
Answer: 1840 to 1880 - This style is another trend that started in
England and made its way to the U.S. The style mimics the shapes found
on Medieval churches and houses, and is almost always found in rural
areas.
●● Italianate
Answer: 1840 to 1885 - Modeled after a fashion started in England, this
style rejected the rigid rules of classical architecture and instead looked
to the more informal look of Italian rural houses. Ironically, the style
became very popular as an urban townhouse.
,●● Second Empire
Answer: 1855 to 1885 - The style is closely related to Italianate, but is
always characterized by its mansard roof, named for the 17th-century
French architect, François Mansart. The style name refers to France's
second empire—the reign of Napoleon III from 1852-1870, during
which the mansard roof was popular.
●● Queen Anne
Answer: 1880 to 1910 - This style is what most people would call
"Victorian" and is the first product of the American Industrial Age. After
the Civil War, many factories converted to make metal house parts and
the machinery to cut wood trim. The railroads brought these products to
all regions at an affordable price. The invention of air heating removed
the need for rooms structured around stoves and fireplaces, meaning new
shapes emerged. Advances in paint technology introduced vibrant new
colors.
●● Shingle
Answer: 1880 to 1900 - A style mostly popular along the coast in the
Northeast, these houses were usually large architects' masterpieces -
free-form mansions built into the rocks and hills of the shore.
●● Richardsonian Romanesque
Answer: 1880 to 1900 - Closely related to the Queen Anne and Shingle
styles, these houses are always stone or brick. Though civic buildings
were built earlier in this style, it didn't show up in houses until the
, popular architect Henry Hobson Richardson started his practice in New
York and Boston in the 1870s.
●● Folk Victorian
Answer: 1870 to 1910 - As the industrial age made machine-cut wood
details affordable and available to the average American, homeowners
added mass-produced decorative trim (called gingerbread) to their small,
simple folk cottages to dress them up in the style of the day.
●● Colonial Revival
Answer: 1880 to 1955 - The American Centennial celebrations of 1876
brought about a want for the lifestyle of our country's past, including
early house styles. But rather than copy those houses directly, architects
McKim, Mead, and White mixed and matched details from several early
styles, including Dutch Colonial, Georgian, and Federal. This is one of
the country's most classic styles because millions of examples still stand
today due to the building of "McMansions" of the late 20th and early
21st centuries.
●● Cape Cod
Answer: 1920s to 1940s - This cottage style is a subset of the Colonial
Revival style. It's modeled after the simple houses of colonial New
England, though early examples were almost always shingled, while
20th century examples can be clapboard, stucco, or brick. Many houses
of the post World War II building boom were of this style, including
many of the 17,400 cottages in Levittown, New York, the country's first
housing development.
ACTUAL TEST PAPER UPDATED
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
●● Log Cabin
Answer: Up to the 1850s - These early settler houses went up quickly,
using the most abundant material around - wood, used to protect against
the harsh weather. This house was common in the middle Atlantic
colonies.
●● Saltbox
Answer: 1607 to early 1700s - These houses existed around New
England. Their steep roof pitch is a form of thatching. Early settlers
learned that wood shingles were better for snow and rain. Few originals
of these houses are still standing - those few left are in museums, like
this house in East Hampton, New York.
●● Georgian
Answer: 1700 to 1780 - This architecture style is based on earlier
European styles, which emphasized classical Greek and Roman shapes.
These houses could be found in every part of the colonies in the 18th
century.
,●● Federal
Answer: 1780 to 1820 - This style is based almost entirely on the
English "Adamesque" style architecture, which took characteristics from
ancient Roman architecture. This was the first style of homes in the
United States, and it had a place in nearly every part of the country. This
style was particularly found in bustling urban areas like Salem,
Massachusetts.
●● Greek Revival
Answer: 1825 to 1860 - Americans, newly familiar with Greek
democracy, built civic buildings that looked like Greek temples. The
fashion for columns and pediments seeped into residential architecture
as far as the most rural farmland.
●● Gothic Revival
Answer: 1840 to 1880 - This style is another trend that started in
England and made its way to the U.S. The style mimics the shapes found
on Medieval churches and houses, and is almost always found in rural
areas.
●● Italianate
Answer: 1840 to 1885 - Modeled after a fashion started in England, this
style rejected the rigid rules of classical architecture and instead looked
to the more informal look of Italian rural houses. Ironically, the style
became very popular as an urban townhouse.
,●● Second Empire
Answer: 1855 to 1885 - The style is closely related to Italianate, but is
always characterized by its mansard roof, named for the 17th-century
French architect, François Mansart. The style name refers to France's
second empire—the reign of Napoleon III from 1852-1870, during
which the mansard roof was popular.
●● Queen Anne
Answer: 1880 to 1910 - This style is what most people would call
"Victorian" and is the first product of the American Industrial Age. After
the Civil War, many factories converted to make metal house parts and
the machinery to cut wood trim. The railroads brought these products to
all regions at an affordable price. The invention of air heating removed
the need for rooms structured around stoves and fireplaces, meaning new
shapes emerged. Advances in paint technology introduced vibrant new
colors.
●● Shingle
Answer: 1880 to 1900 - A style mostly popular along the coast in the
Northeast, these houses were usually large architects' masterpieces -
free-form mansions built into the rocks and hills of the shore.
●● Richardsonian Romanesque
Answer: 1880 to 1900 - Closely related to the Queen Anne and Shingle
styles, these houses are always stone or brick. Though civic buildings
were built earlier in this style, it didn't show up in houses until the
, popular architect Henry Hobson Richardson started his practice in New
York and Boston in the 1870s.
●● Folk Victorian
Answer: 1870 to 1910 - As the industrial age made machine-cut wood
details affordable and available to the average American, homeowners
added mass-produced decorative trim (called gingerbread) to their small,
simple folk cottages to dress them up in the style of the day.
●● Colonial Revival
Answer: 1880 to 1955 - The American Centennial celebrations of 1876
brought about a want for the lifestyle of our country's past, including
early house styles. But rather than copy those houses directly, architects
McKim, Mead, and White mixed and matched details from several early
styles, including Dutch Colonial, Georgian, and Federal. This is one of
the country's most classic styles because millions of examples still stand
today due to the building of "McMansions" of the late 20th and early
21st centuries.
●● Cape Cod
Answer: 1920s to 1940s - This cottage style is a subset of the Colonial
Revival style. It's modeled after the simple houses of colonial New
England, though early examples were almost always shingled, while
20th century examples can be clapboard, stucco, or brick. Many houses
of the post World War II building boom were of this style, including
many of the 17,400 cottages in Levittown, New York, the country's first
housing development.
