CSOWM Prep Exam Review 2026/2027 | with Verified
Questions and Answers.
.
Which of the following is true regarding a complicated urinary tract infection?
A. It is usually asymptomatic
B. Bacteria is located mostly in the lower urinary tract
C. Is associated with young adults
D. Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder - ANSWERSD. A complicated
UTI can be caused by a structural issue in the urinary tract.
A symptom of a lower urinary tract infection includes:
A. Fever
B. Urgency
C. Flank pain
D. Decreased Urination - ANSWERSB. Urgency is a symptom of lower tract UTI.
Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of a urinary tract infection
(UTI)?
A. Pregnancy
B. Perimenopause
C. Marathon running
D. Frequent showering - ANSWERSA. Pregnancy is a risk factor the development of a
UTI.
Women are at a higher risk for the development of a UTI because of having a shorter
urethra.
True
False - ANSWERSTrue, women have a shorter urethra that puts them at higher risk for
developing a UTI.
Which of the following can help to prevent a UTI?
A. Use spermicides during sexual intercourse
B. Taking more Vitamin D
C. Douching to prevent the growth of bacteria
D. Increase water consumption - ANSWERSD. Increase water consumption
Water consumption prevents UTI as it keeps bacteria flushed out of the urinary tract.
UTI Risk Factors - ANSWERSPregnancy
Women short ureter
Decreased estrogen in post-menopausal women
Sexual intercourse
Use of spermicide
Indwelling urinary catheterization
, UTI Lower vs. Upper Tract Disorders - ANSWERSUpper Urinary Tract Disorder
When bacteria ascend from the bladder (lower urinary organs) to the kidney. Classic
triad: vomiting, flank pain and fever.
Upper Urinary Tract Symptoms:
All the symptoms associated with cystitis including
Fever
Flank pain
Costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness
Nausea
Vomiting
Malaise
Condtion of Upper UTI
Pyelonephritis.
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms:
Urgency
Burning on urination
Frequency
Dysuria
Suprapubic Pain
Cloudy urine
Odorous.
Condition of Lower UTI
Cystitis
Urethritis
Urethritis - ANSWERSThe infection occurs at the opening of the urethra
Cystitis - ANSWERSDenotes a bladder infection
Pyelonephritis - ANSWERSInflammation of kidneys
Diagnostic UTI - ANSWERSUrine dipstick
Urinalysis - used to diagnose a UTI
Urine Culture & Sensitivity
Urine Dipstick - ANSWERS-Urine Dipstick can be observed for the presence of
leukocyte esterase and nitrites.
-A urine dipstick can be performed to identify hematuria, proteinuria, and the presence
of nitrites. The presence of nitrites i.s highly specific for bacterial infection
-Note that an individual can have a negative urine dipstick but still present with signs
and symptoms of a UTI. If this is the case, then the NP can send the urine for a culture
and sensitivity (C&S) test and microscopy.
Questions and Answers.
.
Which of the following is true regarding a complicated urinary tract infection?
A. It is usually asymptomatic
B. Bacteria is located mostly in the lower urinary tract
C. Is associated with young adults
D. Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder - ANSWERSD. A complicated
UTI can be caused by a structural issue in the urinary tract.
A symptom of a lower urinary tract infection includes:
A. Fever
B. Urgency
C. Flank pain
D. Decreased Urination - ANSWERSB. Urgency is a symptom of lower tract UTI.
Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of a urinary tract infection
(UTI)?
A. Pregnancy
B. Perimenopause
C. Marathon running
D. Frequent showering - ANSWERSA. Pregnancy is a risk factor the development of a
UTI.
Women are at a higher risk for the development of a UTI because of having a shorter
urethra.
True
False - ANSWERSTrue, women have a shorter urethra that puts them at higher risk for
developing a UTI.
Which of the following can help to prevent a UTI?
A. Use spermicides during sexual intercourse
B. Taking more Vitamin D
C. Douching to prevent the growth of bacteria
D. Increase water consumption - ANSWERSD. Increase water consumption
Water consumption prevents UTI as it keeps bacteria flushed out of the urinary tract.
UTI Risk Factors - ANSWERSPregnancy
Women short ureter
Decreased estrogen in post-menopausal women
Sexual intercourse
Use of spermicide
Indwelling urinary catheterization
, UTI Lower vs. Upper Tract Disorders - ANSWERSUpper Urinary Tract Disorder
When bacteria ascend from the bladder (lower urinary organs) to the kidney. Classic
triad: vomiting, flank pain and fever.
Upper Urinary Tract Symptoms:
All the symptoms associated with cystitis including
Fever
Flank pain
Costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness
Nausea
Vomiting
Malaise
Condtion of Upper UTI
Pyelonephritis.
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms:
Urgency
Burning on urination
Frequency
Dysuria
Suprapubic Pain
Cloudy urine
Odorous.
Condition of Lower UTI
Cystitis
Urethritis
Urethritis - ANSWERSThe infection occurs at the opening of the urethra
Cystitis - ANSWERSDenotes a bladder infection
Pyelonephritis - ANSWERSInflammation of kidneys
Diagnostic UTI - ANSWERSUrine dipstick
Urinalysis - used to diagnose a UTI
Urine Culture & Sensitivity
Urine Dipstick - ANSWERS-Urine Dipstick can be observed for the presence of
leukocyte esterase and nitrites.
-A urine dipstick can be performed to identify hematuria, proteinuria, and the presence
of nitrites. The presence of nitrites i.s highly specific for bacterial infection
-Note that an individual can have a negative urine dipstick but still present with signs
and symptoms of a UTI. If this is the case, then the NP can send the urine for a culture
and sensitivity (C&S) test and microscopy.
