BIOS251 FINAL EXAM ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY I ACTUAL TEST PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Plasma membrane appearance Answer: Appears as a pair of dark
parallel lines when viewed with an electron microscope.
◉ Intracellular and extracellular faces Answer: Has intracellular and
extracellular faces.
◉ Functions of plasma membrane Answer: Defines cell boundaries,
governs interactions with other cells, controls passage of materials in
and out of cell.
◉ Peroxisome Answer: Breaks down hydrogen peroxide and is found in
the liver.
◉ Glycolysis Answer: Metabolic pathway in the cytoplasm for breaking
down glucose into pyruvate.
◉ Mitochondria Answer: Involved in cellular respiration, requires
oxygen and breaks down pyruvate from Glycolysis.
, ◉ Nucleus Answer: Keeps the DNA, site of RNA synthesis and has a
nuclear envelope with two layers.
◉ Ribosomes Answer: Site of protein synthesis. Reads mRNA to
synthesize protein.
◉ Start Codon Answer: Every mRNA begins with the nucleotides AUG,
which is necessary for protein translation.
◉ Movement of molecules across a plasma membrane Answer: All of
these can move molecules into the cell: Antiport, Endocytosis, Na+/K+
pump.
◉ Phospholipid bilayer Answer: A plasma membrane is a phospholipid
bilayer.
◉ Amphiphatic phospholipid Answer: A phospholipid is amphiphatic
because it has two lipophilic fatty acid tails and a hydrophilic phosphate
head.
◉ Facilitated diffusion Answer: Carrier moves solute down its
concentration gradient, does not consume ATP.
◉ Cardiac muscle tissue Answer: Has specialized junctions called
intercalated disks.
PHYSIOLOGY I ACTUAL TEST PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Plasma membrane appearance Answer: Appears as a pair of dark
parallel lines when viewed with an electron microscope.
◉ Intracellular and extracellular faces Answer: Has intracellular and
extracellular faces.
◉ Functions of plasma membrane Answer: Defines cell boundaries,
governs interactions with other cells, controls passage of materials in
and out of cell.
◉ Peroxisome Answer: Breaks down hydrogen peroxide and is found in
the liver.
◉ Glycolysis Answer: Metabolic pathway in the cytoplasm for breaking
down glucose into pyruvate.
◉ Mitochondria Answer: Involved in cellular respiration, requires
oxygen and breaks down pyruvate from Glycolysis.
, ◉ Nucleus Answer: Keeps the DNA, site of RNA synthesis and has a
nuclear envelope with two layers.
◉ Ribosomes Answer: Site of protein synthesis. Reads mRNA to
synthesize protein.
◉ Start Codon Answer: Every mRNA begins with the nucleotides AUG,
which is necessary for protein translation.
◉ Movement of molecules across a plasma membrane Answer: All of
these can move molecules into the cell: Antiport, Endocytosis, Na+/K+
pump.
◉ Phospholipid bilayer Answer: A plasma membrane is a phospholipid
bilayer.
◉ Amphiphatic phospholipid Answer: A phospholipid is amphiphatic
because it has two lipophilic fatty acid tails and a hydrophilic phosphate
head.
◉ Facilitated diffusion Answer: Carrier moves solute down its
concentration gradient, does not consume ATP.
◉ Cardiac muscle tissue Answer: Has specialized junctions called
intercalated disks.
