NURS 405 QUIZ 3 REVIEW |COMPLETE STUDY
GUIDE WITH 100% ACCURATE QUESTIONS
&ANSWERS. EXCELLENCE GUARANTEED.
What does acute confusion in an older hospitalized adult suggest until proven
otherwise? Answer: Delirium.
What is delirium? Answer: An acute, fluctuating change in attention, awareness,
and cognition usually caused by an underlying medical problem.
What is the onset of delirium? Answer: Sudden; hours to days.
What is the course of delirium? Answer: Fluctuating; often worse at night.
What is the priority nursing action for delirium? Answer: Identify and treat the
underlying cause.
What are common causes of delirium in older adults? Answer: Infection, hypoxia,
pain, constipation, dehydration, urinary catheter, electrolyte imbalance, alcohol
withdrawal, and medication toxicity.
What sensory aids help prevent delirium? Answer: Glasses, hearing aids, dentures,
clocks, calendars, and familiar items.
Why should unnecessary urinary catheters be avoided in older adults? Answer:
They increase infection risk and can contribute to delirium and immobility.
What medications can increase delirium risk? Answer: Sedatives, anticholinergics,
some sleep aids, opioids, benzodiazepines, and other CNS-altering medications.
What is dementia? Answer: A chronic, progressive decline in cognition and
function.
What is the onset of dementia? Answer: Gradual.
What is a key early sign of dementia? Answer: Short-term memory impairment.
1
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,What is a key communication strategy for dementia? Answer: Use short, simple
statements and allow extra time for responses.
Should nurses argue with or correct false beliefs in dementia? Answer: No; validate
feelings and redirect instead.
What is a priority in dementia care? Answer: Maintain safety while preserving
dignity and autonomy.
What should the nurse assess when a patient with dementia becomes agitated?
Answer: Unmet needs such as pain, hunger, thirst, toileting, fatigue, fear, or
overstimulation.
Is depression a normal part of aging? Answer: No; depression is not expected
aging.
What must nurses assess in older adults with depression? Answer: Suicidal ideation
and safety risk.
What interventions help older adults with depression? Answer: Therapeutic
communication, social interaction, routine, sleep hygiene, daytime exercise, CBT
referral, and purpose-building activities.
What aging skin changes increase injury risk? Answer: Thinner skin, decreased
collagen, decreased subcutaneous fat, and decreased elasticity.
What aging vision changes increase fall risk? Answer: Decreased visual acuity,
smaller pupils, impaired color vision, and need for more light.
What aging hearing change is common? Answer: Difficulty hearing high-pitched
sounds.
What cardiovascular changes occur with aging? Answer: Decreased cardiac output,
stiffer valves, thicker cardiac walls, and decreased coronary blood flow.
2
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, What GI changes occur with aging? Answer: Decreased motility, slower digestion,
taste changes, and decreased liver capacity.
What renal changes occur with aging? Answer: Decreased GFR, decreased renal
blood flow, smaller kidneys, and incomplete bladder emptying.
Why are older adults at higher medication toxicity risk? Answer: Renal and hepatic
clearance decrease with aging.
What musculoskeletal changes occur with aging? Answer: Decreased bone density,
decreased muscle mass, decreased height, spinal curvature, and impaired balance.
What respiratory changes occur with aging? Answer: Decreased ventilation,
decreased lung elasticity, and reduced tolerance for low oxygen states.
What immune changes occur with aging? Answer: Reduced lymphocyte function
and decreased immune surveillance.
What is the #1 cause of injury and injury-related death in adults 65+? Answer:
Falls.
What should fall prevention include for older adults? Answer: Assess mobility,
remove hazards, ensure sensory aids, review medications, use assistive devices, and
encourage safe activity.
What is anemia? Answer: A decrease in RBCs, hemoglobin, or hematocrit that
reduces oxygen-carrying capacity.
What are the three broad types of anemia from the lecture? Answer:
Hypoproliferative, blood loss, and hemolytic anemia.
What is hypoproliferative anemia? Answer: Anemia caused by decreased or
ineffective RBC production.
What is blood loss anemia? Answer: Anemia caused by acute or chronic loss of
blood.
3
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
GUIDE WITH 100% ACCURATE QUESTIONS
&ANSWERS. EXCELLENCE GUARANTEED.
What does acute confusion in an older hospitalized adult suggest until proven
otherwise? Answer: Delirium.
What is delirium? Answer: An acute, fluctuating change in attention, awareness,
and cognition usually caused by an underlying medical problem.
What is the onset of delirium? Answer: Sudden; hours to days.
What is the course of delirium? Answer: Fluctuating; often worse at night.
What is the priority nursing action for delirium? Answer: Identify and treat the
underlying cause.
What are common causes of delirium in older adults? Answer: Infection, hypoxia,
pain, constipation, dehydration, urinary catheter, electrolyte imbalance, alcohol
withdrawal, and medication toxicity.
What sensory aids help prevent delirium? Answer: Glasses, hearing aids, dentures,
clocks, calendars, and familiar items.
Why should unnecessary urinary catheters be avoided in older adults? Answer:
They increase infection risk and can contribute to delirium and immobility.
What medications can increase delirium risk? Answer: Sedatives, anticholinergics,
some sleep aids, opioids, benzodiazepines, and other CNS-altering medications.
What is dementia? Answer: A chronic, progressive decline in cognition and
function.
What is the onset of dementia? Answer: Gradual.
What is a key early sign of dementia? Answer: Short-term memory impairment.
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,What is a key communication strategy for dementia? Answer: Use short, simple
statements and allow extra time for responses.
Should nurses argue with or correct false beliefs in dementia? Answer: No; validate
feelings and redirect instead.
What is a priority in dementia care? Answer: Maintain safety while preserving
dignity and autonomy.
What should the nurse assess when a patient with dementia becomes agitated?
Answer: Unmet needs such as pain, hunger, thirst, toileting, fatigue, fear, or
overstimulation.
Is depression a normal part of aging? Answer: No; depression is not expected
aging.
What must nurses assess in older adults with depression? Answer: Suicidal ideation
and safety risk.
What interventions help older adults with depression? Answer: Therapeutic
communication, social interaction, routine, sleep hygiene, daytime exercise, CBT
referral, and purpose-building activities.
What aging skin changes increase injury risk? Answer: Thinner skin, decreased
collagen, decreased subcutaneous fat, and decreased elasticity.
What aging vision changes increase fall risk? Answer: Decreased visual acuity,
smaller pupils, impaired color vision, and need for more light.
What aging hearing change is common? Answer: Difficulty hearing high-pitched
sounds.
What cardiovascular changes occur with aging? Answer: Decreased cardiac output,
stiffer valves, thicker cardiac walls, and decreased coronary blood flow.
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, What GI changes occur with aging? Answer: Decreased motility, slower digestion,
taste changes, and decreased liver capacity.
What renal changes occur with aging? Answer: Decreased GFR, decreased renal
blood flow, smaller kidneys, and incomplete bladder emptying.
Why are older adults at higher medication toxicity risk? Answer: Renal and hepatic
clearance decrease with aging.
What musculoskeletal changes occur with aging? Answer: Decreased bone density,
decreased muscle mass, decreased height, spinal curvature, and impaired balance.
What respiratory changes occur with aging? Answer: Decreased ventilation,
decreased lung elasticity, and reduced tolerance for low oxygen states.
What immune changes occur with aging? Answer: Reduced lymphocyte function
and decreased immune surveillance.
What is the #1 cause of injury and injury-related death in adults 65+? Answer:
Falls.
What should fall prevention include for older adults? Answer: Assess mobility,
remove hazards, ensure sensory aids, review medications, use assistive devices, and
encourage safe activity.
What is anemia? Answer: A decrease in RBCs, hemoglobin, or hematocrit that
reduces oxygen-carrying capacity.
What are the three broad types of anemia from the lecture? Answer:
Hypoproliferative, blood loss, and hemolytic anemia.
What is hypoproliferative anemia? Answer: Anemia caused by decreased or
ineffective RBC production.
What is blood loss anemia? Answer: Anemia caused by acute or chronic loss of
blood.
3
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
